Quantitative Measurement of the Improvement Derived From a 10-Mo Progressive Exercise Program to Improve Balance and Function in Women at Increased Risk for Fragility Fractures
Introduction/background: Osteoporosis is a common disorder and is associated with an increased risk of bone fracture. Falls are a proximate cause of a high proportion of medical costs and mortality. Improving balance can reduce the risk of falls and improve health outcomes, especially for the at-risk population of people with osteoporosis and osteopenia. The FrameWorksTM exercise program is a formal, standardized, informational and interventional 10-month exercise program. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively assess the improvement in standing balance, functional reach, and overall confidence in balance after pa...
Source: Journal of Clinical Densitometry - August 8, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Mark Graves, Kim Snyder, Joni McFelea, Jan Szczepanski, Mark Philip Smith, Thomas Strobel, Nona Mehrnia, Jacob Schneider, Madison J. Snyder, Andrew Kilian Graves, Judith Canlas Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Usefulness of Trabecular Bone Score (TBS) to Identify Bone Fragility in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Background: Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism usually show decreased bone strength that are often not well diagnosed by conventional Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Trabecular Bone Score (TBS) is a new technique for assessing bone microarchitecture indirectly. This cross-sectional study evaluates the usefulness of TBS in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism in clinical practice. Methodology: Bone mineral density (BMD) by DXA and TBS values by TBS InSight ® software were determined in 72 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism to analyze its relationship with fragility fractures. (Source: Journal of ...
Source: Journal of Clinical Densitometry - August 6, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Manuel Mu ñoz-Torres, Rossana Manzanares Córdova, Antonia García-Martín, María Dolores Avilés-Pérez, Rafael Nieto Serrano, Francisco Andújar-Vera, Beatriz García-Fontana Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Radiomic Feature Robustness and Reproducibility in Quantitative Bone Radiography: A Study on Radiologic Parameter Changes
The purpose of this study was to investigate the robustness of different radiography radiomic features over different radiologic parameters including kV, mAs, filtration, tube angles, and source skin distance (SSD). A tibia bone phantom was prepared and all imaging studies was conducted on this phantom. Different radiologic parameters including kV, mAs, filtration, tube angles, and SSD were studied. A region of interest was drawn on the images and many features from different feature sets including histogram, gradient, run-length matrix, co-occurrence matrix, autoregressive model, and wavelet derived parameters were extrac...
Source: Journal of Clinical Densitometry - August 3, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Ehsan Saeedi, Ali Dezhkam, Jalal Beigi, Sajjad Rastegar, Zahra Yousefi, Lotf Ali Mehdipour, Hamid Abdollahi, Kiarash Tanha Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Geometric and Mechanical Bone Response to a Multidisciplinary Weight Loss Intervention in Adolescents With Obesity: The ADIBOX Study
The effectiveness of structured multidisciplinary weight loss (WL) programs combining nutrition and physical activity on bone geometry and strength remains uncertain in adolescents with obesity. The study investigated the impact of a structured WL intervention on bone geometry and strength in adolescents with obesity. Thirty-one adolescents with obesity (mean [standard deviation] 13.61 [1.27] yr, body mass index Z-score 2.26 [0.30]) experienced an 8-mo WL program. A group of 23 maturation-matched controls (mean [standard deviation] 15.90 [0.43] yr, body mass index Z-score −0.12 [0.48]) were recruited for calculating Z-sc...
Source: Journal of Clinical Densitometry - August 1, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Elodie Chaplais, Geraldine Naughton, Frederic Dutheil, Julie Masurier, David Greene, Bruno Pereira, Martine Duclos, David Thivel, Daniel Courteix Source Type: research
A Prospective Assessment of Periprosthetic Bone Mineral Density and Osteoimmunological Biomarkers Variations After Total Knee Replacement Surgery
Aseptic loosening is a major cause of premature failure of total knee replacement (TKR). Variations in periprosthetic bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoimmunological biomarkers levels could help to quantify prosthesis osteointegration and predict early aseptic loosening. The gene expression of 5 selected osteoimmunological biomarkers was evaluated in tibial plateau bone biopsies by real-time polymerase chain reaction and changes in their serum levels after TKR were prospectively evaluated with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for 1 yr after surgery. (Source: Journal of Clinical Densitometry)
Source: Journal of Clinical Densitometry - July 30, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Davide Cucchi, Alessandra Menon, Emanuela Galliera, Carmelo Messina, Beatrice Zanini, Monica Gioia Marazzi, Luca Massaccesi, Riccardo Compagnoni, Massimiliano M. Corsi Romanelli, Pietro Randelli Source Type: research
Contribution of Android and Gynoid Adiposity to Bone Mineral Density in Healthy Postmenopausal Thai Women
This study aimed to explore the contribution of android and gynoid adiposity to bone mineral density (BMD) in healthy postmenopausal Thai women. (Source: Journal of Clinical Densitometry)
Source: Journal of Clinical Densitometry - July 29, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Sirianong Namwongprom, Sattaya Rojanasthien, Chanpen Wongboontan, Ampica Mangklabruks Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Bone Mineral Density and Sports Participation
The objective of our study was to identify differences in bone mineral density (BMD) according to different sports among adolescents, as well as to identify assessments of relevant mediators. The sample consisted of 429 adolescents with a mean age of 13.3 ± 1.7 yr. The sports modalities that we evaluated were judo, karate, kung fu, swimming, basketball, and soccer. Nonsports group was composed of 111 adolescents. Bone density was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Regarding BMD values, female engaged in karate had higher BMD values tha n girls from the no sports group (p = 0.01). (Source: Journal of Clinical Densitometry)
Source: Journal of Clinical Densitometry - July 29, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Santiago Maillane-Vanegas, Ricardo R. Agostinete, Kyle R. Lynch, Igor H. Ito, Rafael Luiz-de-Marco, Mario A. Rodrigues-Junior, Bruna Camilo Turi-Lynch, R ômulo A. Fernandes Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
DXA-Determined Regional Adiposity Relates to Insulin Resistance in a Young Adult Population with Overweight and Obesity
Obesity is a well-established risk factor for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and body fat distribution has important implications for this metabolic risk. In this cross-sectional study, we used dual X-ray absorptiometry body composition data from 123 young adult participants with overweight or obesity, and correlated with 2 indices of insulin resistance calculated from oral glucose tolerance tests. Participants were 70% women, with mean (standard error) age 30.1 (0.6) yr, body mass index (BMI) 34.0 (0.6) kg/m2, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) of 2.1 (0.2), and Matsuda insulin ...
Source: Journal of Clinical Densitometry - July 28, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Anne E. Bantle, Tyler A. Bosch, Donald R. Dengel, Qi Wang, Douglas G. Mashek, Lisa S. Chow Source Type: research
3D Analysis of Cortical and Trabecular Bone From Hip DXA: Precision and Trend Assessment Interval in PostmenopausalWomen
The 3D distribution of the cortical and trabecular bone mass is a critical component in determining the resistance of a bone to fracture that is not assessed in standard dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) exams. In this work, we assessed in vivo short-term precision of measurements provided by 3D modeling techniques from DXA scans and trend assessment intervals (TAIs) in postmenopausal women. Subjects included to study precision errors were scanned twice, with repositioning for duplicate hip scans, using either a Lunar iDXA scanner (GE Healthcare, Madison, WI) or a Discovery W scanner (Hologic, Inc., Waltham, MA). (Sou...
Source: Journal of Clinical Densitometry - July 15, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Ludovic Humbert, Renaud Winzenrieth, Silvana Di Gregorio, Thierry Thomas, Laurence Vico, Jorge Malouf, Luis Miguel del R ío Barquero Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
3D Analysis of Cortical and Trabecular Bone From Hip DXA:Precision and Trend Assessment Interval in PostmenopausalWomen
The 3D distribution of the cortical and trabecular bone mass is a critical component in determining the resistance of a bone to fracture that is not assessed in standard dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) exams. In this work, we assessed in vivo short-term precision of measurements provided by 3D modeling techniques from DXA scans and trend assessment intervals (TAIs) in postmenopausal women. Subjects included to study precision errors were scanned twice, with repositioning for duplicate hip scans, using either a Lunar iDXA scanner (GE Healthcare, Madison, WI) or a Discovery W scanner (Hologic, Inc., Waltham, MA). (Sou...
Source: Journal of Clinical Densitometry - July 15, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Ludovic Humbert, Renaud Winzenrieth, Silvana Di Gregorio, Thierry Thomas, Laurence Vico, Jorge Malouf, Luis Miguel del R ío Barquero Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
DXA-Derived Lean Mass Includes the Fat-Free Component of Adipose Tissue: Impact on Training-Induced Changes in Body Composition
Studies have shown that dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived appendicular lean soft tissue mass is highly correlated to both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT)-derived skeletal muscle mass (1 –4). However, these studies have also found that lower body lean soft tissue mass measured by DXA was greater compared with the skeletal muscle mass measured by MRI or CT (1–4). For example, Chen et al. (1) found a strong association (r = 0.91, p (Source: Journal of Clinical Densitometry)
Source: Journal of Clinical Densitometry - June 25, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Takashi Abe, Robert S. Thiebaud, Jeremy P. Loenneke Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis: Management Challenges in Older Patients
Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis remains the most common type of secondary osteoporosis, mostly due to use of oral glucocorticoids rather than due to endogenous overproduction of cortisol. Partly because glucocorticoids are prescribed by a wide variety of clinicians for many different inflammatory disorders, only a minority of older individuals have adequate and timely assessment of their enhanced fracture risk, and fewer are offered treatment. Assessment should include bone density, the FRAX calculation, and, in many cases, images of the spine. (Source: Journal of Clinical Densitometry)
Source: Journal of Clinical Densitometry - June 22, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Robert A. Adler Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
A Comparison of Peripheral Imaging Technologies for Bone and Muscle Quantification: A Review of Segmentation Techniques
Musculoskeletal science has developed many overlapping branches, necessitating specialists from 1 area of focus to often require the expertise in others. In terms of imaging, this means obtaining a comprehensive illustration of bone, muscle, and fat tissues. There is currently a lack of a reliable resource for end users to learn about these tissues' imaging and quantification techniques together. An improved understanding of these tissues has been an important progression toward better prediction of disease outcomes and better elucidation of their interaction with frailty, aging, and metabolic disorders. (Source: Journal o...
Source: Journal of Clinical Densitometry - May 18, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Andy Kin On Wong, Sarah Lynn Manske Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Trabecular Bone Score at the Distal Femur and Proximal Tibia in Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury
Rapid declines in bone mineral density (BMD) at the knee after spinal cord injury (SCI) are associated with an increased risk of fracture. Evaluation of bone quality using the trabecular bone score (TBS) may provide a complimentary measure to BMD assessment to examine bone health and fracture risk after SCI. The purpose of this study was to assess bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone score (TBS) at the knee in individuals with and without SCI. Nine individuals with complete SCI (mean time since SCI 2.9 ± 3.8 yr) and 9 non-SCI controls received dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans of the right knee using...
Source: Journal of Clinical Densitometry - May 15, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Stacey Lobos, Anne Cooke, Gillian Simonett, Chester Ho, Steven K. Boyd, W. Brent Edwards Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Interpretation of Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry-Derived Body Composition Change in Athletes: A Review and Recommendations for Best Practice
Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is a medical imaging technology that uses 2 X-ray beams of different energies that are diversely attenuated by bone and soft tissue. Although the primary application of DXA has historically been for osteoporosis assessment using bone mineral density (1), there has been a rapid growth in its application for the measurement of fat and lean soft tissues over the last 2 decades. This largely followed the introduction of fan beam densitometers with quicker scan acquisition times, better image resolution and quality, and lower radiation exposure. (Source: Journal of Clinical Densitometry)
Source: Journal of Clinical Densitometry - May 10, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Karen Hind, Gary Slater, Brian Oldroyd, Matthew Lees, Shane Thurlow, Matthew Barlow, John Shepherd Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
