Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

A Causal Model of Children ’s Vicarious Traumatization
AbstractChildren may be vicariously traumatized from learning about the trauma of family and friends. To date, a causal model of children ’s vicarious traumatization has not been empirically validated in the literature. This paper fills the gap in the literature by reporting on the direct effect of vicarious trauma on children independent of caregiving impairment. Data for the study came from the National Survey of Children’s Expo sure to Violence I (NATSCEV I). This unique dataset features two indicators of vicarious trauma exposure: (1) family victimization and (2) community violence. Hierarchical multiple regression was...
Source: Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma - December 1, 2021 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Trauma during Early Adolescence and Boys ’ Social Behavior: A Focus on Teen Dating Violence
AbstractAlthough early adolescence is increasingly recognized as commencing a sensitive period for social development, little research exists on the impact of trauma exposure during this juncture. We hypothesized that trauma experienced during early adolescence would be particularly disruptive to the acquisition of social skills necessary for healthy future relationships. Among 1500 boys from the National Comorbidity Study Adolescent Supplement, we examined trauma exposure across developmental periods on interpersonal outcomes in late adolescence. Most (62.3%) participants reported prior exposure to at least one potentiall...
Source: Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma - December 1, 2021 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Why We Need a Developmentally Appropriate Trauma Diagnosis for Children: a 10-Year Update on Developmental Trauma Disorder
AbstractDevelopmental Trauma Disorder (DTD) was proposed almost two decades ago as a psychiatric diagnosis for children who have been traumatically victimized and whose attachment bonding with primary caregivers has been compromised. DTD was designed to complement and extend post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) by addressing forms of trauma-related biopsychosocial dysregulation not included in PTSD, many of which are attributed to other psychiatric disorders. In the past decade, evidence from clinician surveys and research field trial studies has provided evidence of DTD ’s validity and potential clinical utility. The g...
Source: Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma - November 19, 2021 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Mental Health Symptom Profiles of Adolescents in Foster Care
AbstractThe article describes an investigation of the nature, patterns and complexity of carer-reported mental health symptoms for a population sample (N = 230) of adolescents (age 12–17) placed in long-term foster and kinship care following chronic and severe maltreatment. Two cluster analyses of Child Behaviour Checklist DSM-oriented (CBCL-DSM) and Assessment Checklist for Adolescents sub-scale scores of clinical cases were performed. The fi rst yielded 8 profiles of attachment- and trauma-related symptoms as measured across eight ACA scales (N = 113 cases). The second yielded 11 profiles of a broader range of ...
Source: Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma - November 19, 2021 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Toward a Developmental Model of Continuity and Change in PTSD Symptoms following Exposure to Traumatic and Adverse Experiences
AbstractA developmental understanding of the expression of posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms following trauma in childhood requires identifying continuity and change in not just overall symptoms but in the individual symptoms as well. Such models of change also require understanding multiple dimensions of time. That is, longitudinal change —the passage of time—may have different effects on symptom expression depending on when in time an individual entered the study – such as what age they were when first assessed. This paper addresses these ideas with an overview of the developmental differences in the assessment o...
Source: Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma - November 19, 2021 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

How Influential are Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) on Youths?: Analyzing the Immediate and Lagged Effect of ACEs on Deviant Behaviors
This study expands the literature in this area by analyzing in a sample of 555 adolescents the immediate and lagged effect that individual ACEs, and exposure to a number of ACEs, have on three deviant behaviors after controlling for respondents’ protective factors not previ ously examined in ACEs studies. Results obtained from multivariate logistic regression models revealed that stealing things was predicted by being hit hard, being sexually molested, and having lived with a depressed or suicidal individual; and receiving threats over the internet predicted physical f ights. Only being hit hard and living with an alcoho...
Source: Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma - November 19, 2021 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

The Relationships Between Childhood Abuse and Neglect, Sub-clinical Symptoms of Psychosis and Self-harm in a Non-clinical Community Sample
AbstractThere is now substantial evidence that childhood adverse events are a significant risk factor for symptoms of psychosis in both clinical and community samples. Both childhood trauma and positive symptoms of psychosis are associated with an increased risk of self-harming behaviours. Therefore the current study aimed to consider the relationship between retrospective reports of childhood adversity, sub-clinical positive symptoms of psychosis and self-harm in a non-clinical community sample. The study employed a cross-sectional survey design, distributed online. Participants were asked to complete psychometric assessm...
Source: Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma - November 18, 2021 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Adverse Childhood Experiences, Mental Health, and Risk Behaviors in Adulthood: Exploring Sex, Racial, and Ethnic Group Differences in a Nationally Representative Sample
This study examined sex, racial, and ethnic differences in the short- and long-term associations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), mental health, and risk behaviors in a nationally representative sample. Analysis was based on the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, a longitudinal cohort of U.S. adolescents followed in five waves of data collection from adolescence to adulthood. Analysis included design-based regression models to examine the associations between ACEs and proximal and distal outcomes (i.e., depression, suicidal ideation, number of sexual partners, binge drinking, current sm...
Source: Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma - November 18, 2021 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

How to Treat Childhood Sexual Abuse Related PTSD Accompanied by Risky Sexual Behavior: A Case Study on the Use of Dialectical Behavior Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (DBT-PTSD)
AbstractChildhood and adolescent sexual abuse (CSA) is a traumatic experience associated with a variety of short- and long-term negative consequences. Theoretical models assume that an abuse related and learned distorted image of sexuality might lead CSA survivors to feel obligated to provide sex or engage in unwanted sexual practices in order to gain affection or prevent abandonment. Dialectical behavioral therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (DBT-PTSD) is tailored to people with PTSD and comorbid emotion regulation deficits. This case study presents the results of an outpatient DBT-PTSD treatment of an adult patient...
Source: Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma - November 18, 2021 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Minority Stress for Care Experienced Young Queer People: A Case Study
This study adopted a case study approach to explore the lived experience of two young adults growing up queer in and out of out-of-home care in Australia. Our investigation was framed by two complementary theoretical frameworks. The first, a model of minority stress, is informed by queer perspectives and enabled an exploration into the adverse impact of enduring stigma and prejudice associated with homophobia and transphobia on young people ’s capacity to thrive. The model of social capital was then employed to inform an analysis of relationships between queer young people in out-of-home care and trustworthy adults. The ...
Source: Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma - November 16, 2021 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Associations Between Complex Trauma Exposure in Childhood/Adolescence and Psychopathology in Older Age: The Role of Stress Coping and Coping Self-Perception
AbstractComplex trauma exposure in childhood and/or adolescence is common and has repeatedly been linked to mental ill-health across the lifespan. While the correlates of complex trauma and mental health are well-studied in individuals up to middle adulthood, correlates in older adulthood, as well as potential mediators of this relationship, such as stress coping, are insufficiently studied. Therefore, this study aimed to (a) examine the mental health of Swiss older adults affected by complex trauma exposure in childhood and/or adolescence, in comparison to non-affected individuals; and (b) to examine the potential mediati...
Source: Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma - November 5, 2021 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Australian Educators ’ Perceptions and Attitudes Towards a Trauma-Responsive School-Wide Approach
AbstractStaff perceptions and attitudes regarding the introduction of the Reframing Learning and Teaching Environments (ReLATE) trauma-responsive school-wide approach were investigated in three Catholic primary schools in Victoria, Australia. School leaders, teachers, and support staff were interviewed regarding their experiences of the approach either individually or in focus groups. Educator attitudes towards trauma-responsive education was evaluated using the ARTIC –ED Scale, prior to and after participating in the six-month intervention. Qualitative data were interpreted using ecological analysis of the themes arisin...
Source: Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma - November 2, 2021 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Standardization of a Participatory Questionnaire to Assess the (Fulfilment of) Needs of Children in Care (QANCC) In India
AbstractIndia has approximately 23 million children without parental care, who need alternative forms of care (MOSPI,2018). Udayan Care, an NGO, designed an innovative group care model for children and youth in need of care and protection, implementing the indigenously developed LIFE (Living in Family Environment) strategy in 17 Udayan Ghars. (Sunshine Homes).  With child participation as a core pillar, Udayan Care developed a Questionnaire to Assess the Needs of Children in Care (QANCC) in 2011, which is to be filled up by children annually, as a longitudinal study. The tool is conceived to ascertain whether children in ...
Source: Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma - November 1, 2021 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Parental Conflicts and Posttraumatic Stress of Children in High-Conflict Divorce Families
This study was part of an observational study on the outcomes of No Kids in the Middle (NKM), a multi-family group intervention for HCD families. A total of 107 children from 68 families participated in the study with at least one parent. We used pre- (T1) and post-intervention (T2) data. Research questions were addressed cross-sectionally, using regression analyses to predict PTSS at T1, and longitudinally, using a correlated change (T1 to T2) model. The cross-sectional findings suggested that mother- and child-reported conflicts, but not father-reported conflicts, were related to the severity of child PTSS. Longitudinall...
Source: Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma - October 27, 2021 Category: Child Development Source Type: research

Parentification in Polish Adolescents: a Prevalence Study
This study investigated the prevalence of parentification in a nationwide cross-sectional study. There wereN = 47,984 Polish adolescents aged 12–21 (M = 15.60;SD = 1.98; female 52.7%, male 47.3%). The results indicated that more adolescents experienced emotional parentification (toward parents 35.9%; toward siblings 25.2%) as compared to instrumental parentification (toward parents 7.2%; toward siblings 15.5%), which is noteworthy, since emotional paren tification is the most detrimental form of parentification in USA samples. Overall, 15.5% of the participants reported a sense of injustice related to their f...
Source: Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma - October 25, 2021 Category: Child Development Source Type: research