Journal of Biomechanical Engineering This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Comparative Evaluation Between Anatomic and Nonanatomic Lateral Ligament Reconstruction Techniques in the Ankle Joint: A Computational Study
(Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering)
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - April 4, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Finite Element-Based Pelvic Injury Metric Creation and Validation in Lateral Impact for a Human Body Model
(Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering)
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - April 4, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

The Role of Protein Loss and Denaturation in Determining Outcomes of Heating, Cryotherapy, and Irreversible Electroporation on Cardiomyocytes
This study was designed to help guide treatment thresholds and compare mechanism of action across heating, cryo, and IRE. Testing was undertaken on HL-1 cells, a well-established cardiomyocyte cell line, to assess injury thresholds for each treatment method. Cell viability, as assessed by Hoechst and propidium iodide (PI) staining, was found to be minimal after exposure to temperatures ≤−40 °C (cryo), ≥60 °C (heating), and when field strengths ≥1500 V/cm (IRE) were used. Viability was then correlated to protein denaturation fraction (PDF) as assessed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and prot...
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - April 2, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

The Mechanical Contribution of Vimentin to Cellular Stress Generation
Contractile stress generation by adherent cells is largely determined by the interplay of forces within their cytoskeleton. It is known that actin stress fibers, connected to focal adhesions, provide contractile stress generation, while microtubules and intermediate filaments provide cells compressive stiffness. Recent studies have shown the importance of the interplay between the stress fibers and the intermediate filament vimentin. Therefore, the effect of the interplay between the stress fibers and vimentin on stress generation was quantified in this study. We hypothesized that net stress generation comprises the stress...
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - March 21, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Finite Element Study to Evaluate the Biomechanical Performance of the Spine After Augmenting Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Fixation With Kyphoplasty in the Treatment of Burst Fractures
The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the immediate post-operative biomechanical performance of stand-alone PPSF, stand-alone-KP, and KP-augmented PPSF procedures. Novel three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) models of the thoracolumbar junction that describes the fractured spine and the three investigated procedures were developed and tested under mechanical loading conditions. The spinal stiffness, stresses at the implanted hardware, and the intradiscal pressure at the upper and lower segments were measured and compared. The results showed no major differences in the measured parameters between stan...
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - March 21, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Nonlinear Dynamics of Dacron Aortic Prostheses Conveying Pulsatile Flow
This study addresses the dynamic response to pulsatile physiological blood flow and pressure of a woven Dacron graft currently used in thoracic aortic surgery. The model of the prosthesis assumes a cylindrical orthotropic shell described by means of nonlinear Novozhilov shell theory. The blood flow is modeled as Newtonian pulsatile flow, and unsteady viscous effects are included. Coupled fluid –structure Lagrange equations for open systems with wave propagation subject to pulsatile flow are applied. Physiological waveforms of blood pressure and velocity are approximated with the first eight harmonics of the corresponding...
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - March 19, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Modeling Inspiratory Flow in a Porcine Lung Airway
Inspiratory flow in a multigeneration pig lung airways was numerically studied at a steady inlet flow rate of 3.2  × 10−4 m3/s corresponding to a Reynolds number of 1150 in the trachea. The model was validated by comparing velocity distributions with previous measurements and simulations in simplified airway geometries. Simulation results provided detailed maps of the axial and secondary flow patterns at different cross sections of the airway tree. The vortex core regions in the airways were visualized using absolute helicity values and suggested the presence of secondary flow vortices where two counter-rotating vor...
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - March 19, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Cellular Response to Cyclic Compression of Tissue Engineered Intervertebral Disk Constructs Composed of Electrospun Polycaprolactone
(Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering)
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - March 16, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Validating Fatigue Safety Factor Calculation Methods for Cardiovascular Stents
(Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering)
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - March 16, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Assessing Airflow Sensitivity to Healthy and Diseased Lung Conditions in a Computational Fluid Dynamics Model Validated In Vitro
Computational models are useful for understanding respiratory physiology. Crucial to such models are the boundary conditions specifying the flow conditions at truncated airway branches (terminal flow rates). However, most studies make assumptions about these values, which are difficult to obtain in vivo. We developed a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of airflows for steady expiration to investigate how terminal flows affect airflow patterns in respiratory airways. First, we measured in vitro airflow patterns in a physical airway model, using particle image velocimetry (PIV). The measured and computed airflow patte...
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - March 12, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

A Priori Assessment of Adipose Tissue Mechanical Testing by Global Sensitivity Analysis
In this study, a finite element computational framework is used to virtually simulate and assess commonly used experimental setups: rotational rheometer tests, confined- and unconfined-compression tests, and indentation tests. Variance-based global sensitivity analysis is employed to identify which parameters in different experimental setups govern model prediction and are thus more likely to be determined through parameter identification processes. Therefore, a priori assessment of experimental setups provides a base for systematic and reliable parameter identification. It is found that in indentation tests and unconfined...
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - March 3, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Effects of Increased Arterial Stiffness on Atherosclerotic Plaque Amounts
Increased arterial stiffness is associated with atherosclerosis in humans, but there have been limited animal studies investigating the relationship between these factors. We bred elastin wildtype (Eln+/+) and heterozygous (Eln+/ −) mice to apolipoprotein E wildtype (Apoe+/+) and knockout (Apoe−/−) mice and fed them normal diet (ND) or Western diet (WD) for 12 weeks. Eln+/ − mice have increased arterial stiffness. Apoe−/− mice develop atherosclerosis on ND that is accelerated by WD. It has been reported that Apoe−/− mice have increased arterial stiffness and that the increased stiffness may play a role in a...
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - March 3, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Elevated Blood Viscosity and Microrecirculation Resulting From Coronary Stent Malapposition
One particular complexity of coronary artery is the natural tapering of the vessel with proximal segments having larger caliber and distal tapering as the vessel get smaller. The natural tapering of a coronary artery often leads to proximal incomplete stent apposition (ISA). ISA alters coronary hemodynamics and creates pathological path to develop complications such as in-stent restenosis, and more worryingly, stent thrombosis (ST). By employing state-of-the-art computer-aided design software, generic stent hoops were virtually deployed in an idealized tapered coronary artery with decreasing malapposition distance. Pulsati...
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - March 3, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Validation of a Custom Instrumented Retainer Form Factor for Measuring Linear and Angular Head Impact Kinematics
This study compares 6DOF mouthpiece kinematics at the head center of gravity (CG) to kinematics measured by an anthropomorphic test device (ATD). This study found that when instrumentation is mounted in the rigid retainer form factor, there is good coupling with the upper dentition and highly accurate kinematic results compared to the ATD. Peak head kinematics were correlated withr2 >  0.98 for both rotational velocity and linear acceleration andr2 = 0.93 for rotational acceleration. These results indicate that a rigid retainer-based form factor is an accurate and promising method of collecting head impact data....
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - March 2, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Erratum: “Evaluation of Meniscal Mechanics and Proteoglycan Content in a Modified Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transection Model” [ASME J. Biomech. Eng. 2014, 136(7), p. 071001; DOI: 10.1115/1.4027468]
On page 3, Eq. (1) should be modified to read E1=1 −ν124R0.5d1.53F−1−ν22E2 (Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering)
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - March 1, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research