Journal of Biomechanical Engineering This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Cyclogram-Based Joint Symmetry Assessment After Utilization of a Foot Drop Stimulator During Post-stroke Hemiplegic Gait
The objective was to develop a novel cyclogram-based symmetry (CBS) method to quantify lower extremity joints' symmetry and assess the effect of six-month utilization of foot drop stimulator (FDS) on CBS of the lower limbs during hemiplegic gait poststroke. Twenty-four participants (13 stroke and 11 healthy controls (HC)) performed ten walking trials at a free cadence on level ground. Symmetry values were computed using geometric properties of bilateral cyclograms obtained from normalized sagittal ankle, knee, and hip kinematics. CBS and traditional temporospatial symmetry values were compared between the two groups using ...
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - September 25, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Muscle Function and Coordination of Amputee Stair Ascent
This study developed a three-dimensional (3D) muscle-actuated forward dynamics simulation of amputee stair ascent to identify the contributions of individual muscles and the passive prosthesis to the biomechanical subtasks of stair ascent. The prosthesis was found to provide vertical propulsion throughout stair ascent, similar to nonamputee plantarflexors. However, the timing differed considerably. The prosthesis also contributed to braking, similar to the nonamputee soleus, but to a greater extent. However, the prosthesis was unable to replicate the functions of nonamputee gastrocnemius, which contributes to forward propu...
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - September 25, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Bone Remodeling Under Vibration: A Computational Model of Bone Remodeling Incorporating the Modal Behavior of Bone
The objective of this study is to develop a bone remodeling algorithm that takes into account the effects of bone vibrational behavior. An extended/modified model is presented based on conventional finite element (FE) remodeling models. Frequency domain analysis is used to introduce appropriate correction coefficients to incorporate the effect of bone's frequency response (FR) into the model. The method is implemented on a bovine bone with known modal/vibration characteristics. The rate and locations of new bone formation depend on the loading frequency and are consistently correlated with the bone modal behavior. Results ...
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - September 25, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Comparative Fluid –Structure Interaction Analysis of Polymeric Transcatheter and Surgical Aortic Valves' Hemodynamics and Structural Mechanics
This study compares the polymeric SAVR valve's hemodynamic performance and mechanical stresses to a new version of the valve—specifically designed for TAVR. Fluid–structure interaction (FSI) mo dels were utilized and the valves' hemodynamics, flexural stresses, strains, orifice area, and wall shear stresses (WSS) were compared. The TAVR valve had 42% larger opening area and 27% higher flow rate versus the SAVR valve, while WSS distribution and mechanical stress magnitudes were of the same order, demonstrating the enhanced performance of the TAVR valve prototype. The TAVR valve FSI simulation and Vivitro pulse duplicato...
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - September 25, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Influence of Uncertainty in Selected Musculoskeletal Model Parameters on Muscle Forces Estimated in Inverse Dynamics-Based Static Optimization and Hybrid Approach
The purpose of the current study was to investigate the robustness of dynamic simulation results in the presence of uncertainties resulting from application of a scaled-generic musculoskeletal model instead of a subject-specific model as well as the effect of the choice of simulation method on the obtained muscle forces. The performed sensitivity analysis consisted of the following multibody parameter modifications: maximum isometric muscle forces, number of muscles, the hip joint center location, segment masses, as well as different dynamic simulation methods, namely static optimization (SO) with three different criteria ...
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - September 25, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Erratum: “The Relationship of Three-Dimensional Human Skull Motion to Brain Tissue Deformation in Magnetic Resonance Elastography Studies” (ASME J. Biomech. Eng., 2017, 139 (5), p. 051002; DOI: 10.1115/1.4036146 ) to Paper Number BIO-16-1363
(Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering)
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - September 25, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Prediction of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Force Produced by Tibiofemoral Compression During Controlled Knee Flexion: A New Robotic Testing Methodology
Application of tibiofemoral compression force (TCF) has been shown to produce anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in a laboratory setting. A new robotic testing methodology was utilized to predict ACL forces generated by TCF without directly loading the ligament. We hypothesized that ACL force, directly recorded by a miniature load cell during an unconstrained test, could be predicted by measurements of anterior tibial restraining force (ARF) recorded during a constrained test. The knee was first flexed under load control with 25 N TCF (tibial displacements and rotations unconstrained) to record a baseline kinematic ...
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - September 25, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Tibial Contact Force and Contact Location Errors of the VERASENSE
The OrthoSensor VERASENSE knee system is a commercially available instrumented tibial insert that provides real-time intraoperative measurements of tibial contact force and contact location to guide surgeons toward improving outcomes in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, the device has been used contrary to the manufacturer's instructions in several studies and lacks published information on accuracy. Therefore, the primary objectives of this study were to evaluate the device's error in tibial contact force when used according to and contrary to the manufacturer's instructions, and also to evaluate the device's error ...
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - September 25, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Day-to-Day Reliability of Nonlinear Methods to Assess Walking Dynamics
The present study investigated the day-to-day reliability (quantified by the absolute and relative reliability) of nonlinear methods used to assess human locomotion dynamics. Twenty-four participants of whom twelve were diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis completed 5 min of treadmill walking at self-selected preferred speed on two separate days. Lower limb kinematics were recorded at 100 Hz and hip, knee, and ankle joint angles, three-dimensional (3D) sacrum marker displacement and stride time intervals were extracted for 170 consecutive strides. The larges t Lyapunov exponent and correlation dimension were calculated ...
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - September 25, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Finite Element Formulation of Multiphasic Shell Elements for Cell Mechanics Analyses in FEBio
This study presents a novel formulation of multiphasic shell elements and its implementation in FEBio. The shell model includes front- and back-face nodal degrees-of-freedom for the solid displacement, effective fluid pressure and effective solute concentrations, and a linear interpolation of these variables across the shell thickness. This formulation was verified against classical models of cell physiology and validated against reported experimental measurements in chondrocytes. This implementation of passive transport of fluid and solutes across multiphasic membranes makes it possible to model the biomechanics of isolat...
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - September 25, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Effect of Longitudinal Variation of Vocal Fold Inner Layer Thickness on Fluid-Structure Interaction During Voice Production
A three-dimensional fluid-structure interaction computational model was used to investigate the effect of the longitudinal variation of vocal fold inner layer thickness on voice production. The computational model coupled a finite element method based continuum vocal fold model and a Navier –Stokes equation based incompressible flow model. Four vocal fold models, one with constant layer thickness and the others with different degrees of layer thickness variation in the longitudinal direction, were studied. It was found that the varied thickness resulted in up to 24% stiffness reducti on at the middle and up to 47% stiffn...
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - September 25, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

Distribution of Brain Strain in the Cerebrum for Laboratory Impacts to Ice Hockey Goaltender Masks
Concussions are among the most common injuries sustained by goaltenders. Concussive injuries are characterized by impairment to neurological function which can affect many different brain regions. Understanding how different impact loading conditions (event type and impact site) affect the brain tissue response may help identify what kind of impacts create a high risk of injury to specific brain regions. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of different impact conditions on the distribution of brain strain for ice hockey goaltender impacts. An instrumented headform was fitted with an ice hockey goaltender...
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - September 25, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research

A Fluid –Structure Interaction Model of the Left Coronary Artery
A fluid –structure interaction (FSI) model of a left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery was developed, incorporating transient blood flow, cyclic bending motion of the artery, and myocardial contraction. The three-dimensional (3D) geometry was constructed based on a patient's computed tomography an giography (CTA) data. To simulate disease conditions, a plaque was placed within the LAD to create a 70% stenosis. The bending motion of the blood vessel was prescribed based on the LAD spatial information. The pressure induced by myocardial contraction was applied to the outside of the blood vessel wall. The fluid doma...
Source: Journal of Biomechanical Engineering - September 25, 2018 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research