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Correction to: Comparative effectiveness of β-lactams for empirical treatment of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia: a prospective cohort study
This is a correction to: D T P Buis, T W van der Vaart, J M Prins, J T M van der Meer, M J M Bonten, E Sieswerda, C H van Werkhoven, K C E Sigaloff, B L Herpers, R R Jansen, W Rozemeijer, R Soetekouw, G van Twillert, J Veenstra, Comparative effectiveness of β-lactams for empirical treatment of methicillin-susceptibleStaphylococcus aureus bacteraemia: a prospective cohort study,Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Volume 78, Issue 5, May 2023, Pages 1175 –1181,https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkad057 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - May 23, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Co-occurrence of multiple plasmid-borne linezolid resistance genes —optrA, cfr, poxtA2 and cfr(D) in an Enterococcus faecalis isolate from retail meat
ConclusionsThis was the first report of the co-existence of up to four plasmid-borne linezolid resistance genes in oneE. faecalis. Thus, efficient actions should be exerted to circumvent the microbiota contamination of food and the further spread of these antimicrobial resistance reservoirs. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - May 20, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Performance evaluation of the UMIC ® Cefiderocol to determine MIC in Gram-negative bacteria
ConclusionsUMIC® Cefiderocol is a valid method for the determination of cefiderocol MICs even if higher than expected discrepancies were observed with NDM-producing Enterobacterales, which presented in most cases MIC values close to the breakpoint. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - May 20, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Efficacy of favipiravir against influenza virus resistant to both baloxavir and neuraminidase inhibitors
ConclusionsOur findings indicate that favipiravir should be used to treat patients with suspected baloxavir-resistant virus infection. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - May 20, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Molecular characterization of cefepime and aztreonam nonsusceptibility in Haemophilus influenzae
ConclusionsGenetic variations relevant to resistant phenotypes of cefepime and aztreonam nonsusceptibility inH. influenzae were identified. Moreover, the effects of FtsI cosubstitutions on increasing MICs of cefepime and aztreonam inH. influenzae were demonstrated. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - May 20, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Citrobacter freundii resistant to novel β-lactamase inhibitor combinations and cefiderocol, co-producing class A, B and D carbapenemases encoded by transferable plasmids
ConclusionsThe finding of enterobacterial strains carrying multiple carbapenemase genes on transferable plasmids is alarming, because similar strains could provide an important reservoir for disseminating these clinically relevant resistance determinants. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - May 19, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

In vivo pharmacodynamic study of contezolid acefosamil, a prodrug of contezolid for oral and intravenous administration
ConclusionsThe high aqueous solubility and great efficacy of contezolid acefosamil support its clinical development as an injectable and oral antibiotic suitable for serious Gram-positive infections. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - May 18, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

A multicentre, retrospective audit of fosfomycin use for urinary tract infections in Australian children and adolescents
ConclusionsFosfomycin is well tolerated and associated with favourable treatment outcomes in children with UTI. Further research on the optimal dosing strategy is required. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - May 16, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Efficacy and safety of molnupiravir for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
ConclusionsIn a predominantly immunized population of COVID-19 outpatients, molnupiravir has no effect on mortality, probably none on ‘hospitalization or death’ and effects on symptom resolution are uncertain. Molnupiravir was safe during the study period in outpatients although a potential increase in inpatient mortality requires careful monitoring in ongoing clinical research. Our analysis does not support routine use of mol nupiravir for COVID-19 treatment in immunocompetent individuals. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - May 12, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Up-regulation of resident chromosomal fosB gene expression: a novel mechanism of acquired fosfomycin resistance in MRSA
ConclusionsThis study showed that someS. aureus clonal lineages carry a resident chromosomalfosB gene and can evolve to fosfomycin resistance by overexpression of this gene. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - May 10, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Incidence of ESBLs and carbapenemases among Enterobacterales and carbapenemases in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates collected globally: results from ATLAS 2017 –2019
ConclusionsVaried distribution of resistance genotypes across regions among ESBL-positive Enterobacterales and CR Enterobacterales andP. aeruginosa provide crucial insights on major resistance mechanisms and trends observed in recent years. Continued surveillance is warranted for monitoring global dissemination and resistance. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - May 10, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Health system evaluation of fluoroquinolone hypersensitivity: an assessment of cross-reactivity
Fluoroquinolone allergies are reported in 2% of hospitalized patients.1 Although the prevalence of fluoroquinolone hypersensitivity is lower than that reported for β-lactams, the incidence has been increasing. Although low risk, fluoroquinolones are the third most common medication associated with hypersensitivity reactions and second most frequent causing severe anaphylaxis. Data remain unclear about cross-reactivity of IgE-mediated reactions within the fluo roquinolone class. Whereas some reports have illustrated cross-reactivity,2 –4 others have not.5 –9 One of the largest evaluations is a 2004 review that evaluate...
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - May 10, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Transmission of S230R integrase drug resistance mutation affecting second-generation integrase inhibitors in a French primary HIV-1 infected man
In France, regular surveillance studies in individuals at the time of HIV-1 primary infection allow monitoring of emergence of transmitted drug-resistance-associated mutations (TDRAMs), HIV genetic diversity shifts and global transmission patterns.1,2 Since 1999, the emergence of TDRAMs has remained stable, at between 10% and 12% of new infections.2 In Europe, Mirandaet al.3 reported a TDRAM prevalence of around 10% between 2011 and 2019, with a majority of NRTI and NNRTI mutations. Although there has been an increased use of integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs), a very low prevalence of TDRAMs has been documented...
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - May 6, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Comparison of ComASP ® and UMIC® methods with the reference method for cefiderocol susceptibility testing on carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales
Therapeutic options for the treatment of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales are often limited, especially for class B carbapenemases. Cefiderocol, a new siderophore cephalosporin, could be used as a last resort to treat infections caused by highly resistant Gram-negative strains including Enterobacterales,Pseudomonas aeruginosa andAcinetobacter baumannii. Cefiderocol remains active on strains producing Ambler class A, B, C and D β-lactamases.1 Overall, MICs of cefiderocol for Enterobacterales producing type A (KPC) or D (OXA-48-like) carbapenemases are low.2,3 However, many MBL-producing Enterobact...
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - May 4, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Important considerations regarding the widespread use of doxycycline chemoprophylaxis against sexually transmitted infections
AbstractRates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) continue to rise across the world and interventions are essential to reduce their incidence. Past and recent studies have indicated this may be achieved using doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) and this has sparked considerable interest in its use. However, many unanswered questions remain as to its long-term effects and particularly potentially negative impact on human microbiomes and antimicrobial resistance among STIs, other pathogens, and commensals. In this review, we discuss seven areas of concern pertaining to the widespread use of doxycycline PEP. (So...
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - May 2, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research