Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Novel antibiotic susceptibility of an RNA polymerase α-subunit mutant in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
ConclusionsThe discovery of antibiotic susceptibility in an RpoA mutant implicates a new therapeutic approach for treating clinical isolates ofP. aeruginosa with RpoA mutations, using specific antibiotics regulated by MexEF-OprN. More generally, our work suggests that RpoA could serve as a promising candidate target for anti-pathogen therapeutic purposes. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - July 10, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Loading dose plus continuous/extended infusion versus intermittent bolus of β-lactams for the treatment of Gram-negative bacteria bloodstream infections: a propensity score-adjusted retrospective cohort study
ConclusionsThe use of LD + EI/CI of β-lactams in patients with a GNB-BSI may be associated with reduced mortality; also in patients with severe presentation of infection or with additional risk factors, such as immunodepression. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - July 10, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Wide dissemination of Gram-negative bacteria producing the taniborbactam-resistant NDM-9 variant: a One Health concern
University of Fribourg10.13039/501100005869NARA10.13039/100000741Swiss National Science Foundation10.13039/501100001711FNS 310030_1888801 (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - July 3, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Meropenem/vaborbactam plus aztreonam for the treatment of New Delhi metallo- β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae infections
Metallo- β-lactamase (MBL)-producingKlebsiella pneumoniae (Kp) is increasingly reported in Europe and the United States, and limited treatment options are available against this superbug.1 –6 MBLs hydrolyse all β-lactams except aztreonam, but this latter cannot be used as monotherapy because of the co-production of expanded-spectrum-β-lactamases (ESBL). Novel β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors (BLBLIs), including ceftazidime/avibactam, meropenem/vaborbactam and imipenem/relebactam, are inactive against MB L-producing Enterobacterales. The combination ceftazidime/avibactam plus aztreonam displaysin vitro synergy and has...
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - July 1, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
HIV-1 RNA levels in semen of people on ‘short-cycle’ antiretroviral therapy
Short-cycle ART, whereby virally suppressed people living with HIV (PLWH) switch to 4- or 5-days-on and 3- or 2-days-off maintenance treatment, has been shown to be a safe and effective alternative to standard daily treatment in a randomized clinical trial1 and other small, not randomized, studies.2,3 Pharmacokinetic analyses showed low or undetectable plasma drug levels in the ‘off’ period in some participants, without virological failure.2 –4 PLWH on daily ART with suppressed plasma HIV RNA are advised that they can have unprotected sexual intercourse without transmitting the virus.5 Recently, the ANRS 170 Quatour ...
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - June 21, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
The risk-benefit balance of resistance to ionophores in Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis for ionophore coccidiostats in broiler chickens
This article will seek to review the most significant publications in this regard and will also examine national antimicrobial resistance surveillance programmes in Norway, Sweden, Denmark and the Netherlands, in order to further evaluate this concern. The conclusion of the review is that the risk that enterococci may pass from broilers to humans and that antimicrobial resistance gene transfer may occur is negligible, remains unquantified and is highly unlikely to be of significance to human health. Indeed, to date no human nosocomial infections have been linked to poultry sources. Concurrently a review of the possible imp...
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - June 9, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Antimicrobial susceptibility of Clostridioides difficile to omadacycline and comparator antimicrobials
ConclusionsAmong 200 contemporaryC. difficile isolates, there were no notable elevations in thein vitro omadacycline MIC, indicating a high level of activity towardsC. difficile in comparison with commonly used antimicrobials for CABP and ABSSSI. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - June 6, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Increased prevalence and stable clustering rate of HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance strains after ‘treat-all’ in a megacity of China
ConclusionsThe ‘treat-all’ strategy might have contributed to a small increase in TDR, while most of the TDRMs were distributed sporadically, which implies that the ‘treat-all’ strategy is helpful for the control of TDR in high-risk populations. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - June 5, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Epidemiology and risk factors of 28-day mortality of hospital-acquired bloodstream infection in Turkish intensive care units: a prospective observational cohort study
ConclusionsConsidering high antimicrobial resistance rate, importance of source control and availability of clinical pharmacists, a multifaceted management programme should be adopted in Turkish ICUs. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - June 2, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Advances in antibacterial treatment of adults with high-risk febrile neutropenia
AbstractBackgroundHigh-risk febrile neutropenia (HR-FN) is a life-threatening complication in patients with haematological malignancies or receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy. Since the last international guidelines were published over 10 years ago, there have been major advances in the understanding and management of HR-FN, including on antibiotic pharmacokinetics and discontinuation/de-escalation strategies.ObjectivesSummarizing major advances in the field of antibacterial therapy in patients with HR-FN: empirical therapy, pharmacokinetics of antibiotics and antibiotic stewardship.SourcesNarrative review based on lit...
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - June 1, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Effectiveness of fosfomycin trometamol as oral step-down therapy for bacteraemic urinary tract infections due to MDR Escherichia coli: a post hoc analysis of the FOREST randomized trial
ConclusionsFosfomycin trometamol might be a reasonable option as step-down therapy in patients with BUTI due to MDR-Ec but the higher rate of relapses would need further assessment. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - June 1, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Characterization of a prophage and a defective integrative conjugative element carrying the optrA gene in linezolid-resistant Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis isolates from pigs, Italy
ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first identification of theoptrA gene on a prophage and an ICE in SDSE isolates from swine brain.These findings are consistent with the current belief in the key role of bacteriophages and ICEs in the streptococcal evolution and adaptation. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - May 31, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
HIV-1 infection in South Kivu (Democratic Republic of Congo): high genotypic resistance to antiretrovirals
ConclusionsThe high level of resistance to ARVs observed during this study, mainly due to treatment compliance default, fully justifies the implementation of means for closer patient monitoring. The provision of VL tests and therapeutic education management tools in a PLWHIV follow-up remains an absolute necessity to best adapt the current treatment lines in this region. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - May 31, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
High-titer convalescent plasma plus nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment for non-resolving COVID-19 in six immunocompromised patients
ConclusionsIn immunocompromised patients with non-resolving COVID-19, the combination of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and CP may be an effective treatment. Larger prospective studies are needed to confirm these preliminary results and should compare different treatment durations. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - May 30, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Molecular ecology of highest priority critically important antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli from mammals housed at an urban zoo
ConclusionsWe conclude that the zoo studied here is a ‘melting pot’ for the selection and circulation of 3GC-R and FQ-RE. coli, but these circulatingE. coli appear captive within the zoo. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - May 30, 2023 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
