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mTORC2 ‐AKT‐LAT1 Signalling Participates in Methionine‐induced β‐CASEIN Expression in Mammary Epithelial Cells of Dairy Cows
This study investigated the role of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2)-protein kinase B (AKT) signalling in methionine (Met)-induced L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) expression and milk protein production. Primary mammary epithelial cells (MECs) from mammary parenchymal tissues of 3 lactating cows and MAC-T bovine MECs were cultured with or without 0.6 mM Met. Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR (RICTOR) siRNA, the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin and the AKT activator SC79 were used to evaluate the effects of mTORC2-AKT signalling on Met-induced LAT1 expression and function. Each experiment was perfo...
Source: Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition - March 25, 2023 Category: Zoology Authors: Xiaoyu Duan, Chuanping Liu, Xiaoqing Gong, Yang Yang, Hongtao Jiao, Ye Lin, Xiaoming Hou Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

A pilot investigation on the effect of induced saliva flow on digestive parameters in sheep, and a comparison with cattle
AbstractSheep with a relatively low methane yield were observed to have shorter fluid and particle mean retention times (MRT). Because the application of pilocarpine, a saliva stimulant, was successful in reducing retention times in ruminants in previous studies, we applied this substance to sheep, expecting a reduction in MRT and methane yield. Three non-pregnant sheep (74  ± 10 kg) were fed a hay-only diet in a 3 × 3 Latin square design with oral doses of 0, 2.5 and 5 mg pilocarpine/kg body weight and day. Measurements included feed and water intake, MRT of liquid and particulate phases in the reticulorumen...
Source: Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition - March 10, 2023 Category: Zoology Authors: Xiaoyu Zhang, Yang Li, Melissa Terranova, Sylvia Ortmann, Saskia Kehraus, Christian Gerspach, Michael Kreuzer, Marcus Clauss, J ürgen Hummel Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Effects of oral β‐cryptoxanthin administration on the transcriptomes of peripheral neutrophil and liver tissue using microarray analysis in post‐weaned Holstein calves
AbstractWe investigated the effects of oral administration of β-cryptoxanthin (β-CRX), a precursor of vitamin A synthesis, on the transcriptomes of peripheral neutrophils and liver tissue in post-weaned Holstein calves with immature immunity. A single oral administration of β-CRX (0.2 mg/kg body weight) was performed in eight Holstein calves (4.0 ± 0 .8 months of age; 117 ± 10 kg) on Day 0. Peripheral neutrophils (n = 4) and liver tissue (n = 4) were collected on Days 0 and 7. Neutrophils were isolated by density gradient centrifugation and treated with the TRIzol reagent. mRNA expression profiles ...
Source: Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition - March 7, 2023 Category: Zoology Authors: Atsushi Kimura, Yo ‐Han Kim, Kazuyoshi Hashizume, Akira Ito, Katsuyuki Mukai, Keiichiro Kizaki, Shigeru Sato Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Effects of dietary Euphorbia heterophylla extract on the growth performance, physiological, antioxidative and immune responses of Clarias gariepinus juveniles
AbstractEffects of dietaryEuphorbia heterophylla extract (EH) on growth performance, feed utilization and haemato-biochemical parameters in African catfish,Clarias gariepinus, juveniles were evaluated in this study. Diets fortified with EH at 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 or 2.0  g/kg were fed to the fish to apparent satiation for 84 days before challenging it withAeromonas hydrophila. The weight gain, specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio of fish fed EH-supplemented diets were significantly higher but lower feed conversion ratio (p <  0.05) than the control group. The villi height and width at the proxim...
Source: Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition - March 6, 2023 Category: Zoology Authors: Olarinke V. Adeniyi, Ibrahim Adeshina, Seyramsarah B. Setufe, Theophilus Jarikre, Shehu M. Albarka, Fauziyat Attahiru Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Issue Information
(Source: Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition - March 4, 2023 Category: Zoology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research

Fine cassava fibre utilization as a dietary fibre source for dogs: Effects on kibble characteristics, diet digestibility and palatability, faecal metabolites and microbiota
The objective was to evaluate through three experiments the effects of a fine cassava fibre (CA:  106 µm) on kibble characteristics, coefficients of total tract apparent digestibility (CTTAD) of macronutrients, diet palatability and faecal metabolites and microbiota of dogs. Dietary treatments consisted of a control diet (CO), without an added fibre source and with 4.3% total dietary fibre (TDF), and a diet with 9.6% CA (106 µm), with 8.4% TDF. Experiment I evaluated the physical characteristics of the kibbles. The palatability test was evaluated in experiment II, which compared the diets CO versus CA. In experime...
Source: Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition - February 19, 2023 Category: Zoology Authors: Camilla M. M. Souza, Ta ís S. Bastos, Gislaine C. B. Kaelle, Marcelino Bortolo, Simone G. Oliveira, Ananda P. Félix Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Effects of different starch diets on growth performance, intestinal health and  faecal microbiota of growing pigs
In conclusion, compared with sorghum starch and cassava starch, RB starch can improve the activity of digestive enzymes and villus height in the small intestine of growing pigs and promote the growth of pigs by protecting the intestinal health of growing pigs. (Source: Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition)
Source: Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition - February 19, 2023 Category: Zoology Authors: Zhiqing Li, Fan Zhang, Yirun Zhao, Xiang Liu, Junyan Xie, Xiaokang Ma Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Effects of forage phosphorous content on faecal phosphorous excretion and possible markers of low phosphorous intake in foals fed forage ‐only diets
AbstractKnowledge of endogenous nutrient losses is important when estimating the nutrient requirements of animals. It has been suggested that faecal endogenous phosphorus (P) losses differ between growing and adult horses, but studies on foals are scarce. In addition, studies on foals on forage-only diets with different P contents are lacking. Thus this study: (1) assessed faecal endogenous P losses in foals fed a grass haylage-only diet close to or below estimated P requirements; (2) evaluated use of serum cross-linked carboxyterminal telopeptides of type-I collagen (CTx) as a marker of bone resorption secondary to low-P ...
Source: Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition - February 19, 2023 Category: Zoology Authors: Gunnilla Ögren, Sveinn Ragnarsson, Anna Jansson Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research