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Training Executive, Attention, and Motor Skills (TEAMS): a Preliminary Randomized Clinical Trial of Preschool Youth with ADHD.
Abstract This preliminary randomized controlled trial compared Training Executive, Attention and Motor Skills (TEAMS), a played-based intervention for preschool children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), to an active comparison intervention consisting of parent education and support (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01462032). The primary aims were to gauge preliminary efficacy and assist in further development of TEAMS. Four- and 5-year-old children with ADHD were randomly assigned to receive TEAMS (N = 26) or the comparison intervention (N = 26) with blinded assessments by pa...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - December 12, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Halperin JM, Marks DJ, Chacko A, Bedard AC, O'Neill S, Curchack-Lichtin J, Bourchtein E, Berwid OG Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Application of the Bifactor S - 1 Model to Multisource Ratings of ADHD/ODD Symptoms: an Appropriate Bifactor Model for Symptom Ratings.
Abstract The symmetrical bifactor model is often applied to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-hyperactive/impulsive (HI), ADHD-inattentive (IN), and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms, but this model frequently yields anomalous or inadmissible results. An alternative model, the bifactor S - 1 model, is more appropriate for examining the hierarchical structure of ADHD/ODD symptoms. Both models were applied to ADHD-HI, ADHD-IN, and ODD symptom ratings by mothers, fathers, and teachers for 2142 Spanish children (49.49% girls; ages 8-13 years). The symmetrical bifactor model yielded th...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - December 12, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Burns GL, Geiser C, Servera M, Becker SP, Beauchaine TP Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Integrating Beck's Cognitive Theory of Depression and the Hopelessness Model in an Adolescent Sample.
Abstract Adolescence is a critical period in the development of depression. Hence, researching the applicability of cognitive theories in adolescents is crucial. Currently, much remains unknown about how cognitive variables proposed in different theories interplay with one another and whether gender differences in these associations exist. Attempting to integrate Beck's cognitive model and the hopelessness model in adolescents, we conducted a 4-wave study using self-report instruments with 499 adolescents (mean ageTime1 = 15.33 years; SD = 0.75; 63.3% female; 73.7% White, 13.8% Black, 5.4% Latina/...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - December 11, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Pössel P, Smith E Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Self-Esteem Mediates Longitudinal Associations from Adolescent Perceptions of Parenting to Adjustment.
Abstract The present study examines direct and indirect associations between perceptions of parenting and adolescent adjustment. We focus on self-esteem as an intervening variable. Participants included 446 girls and 471 boys ages 14 to 17 (M = 15.64) at the outset. A community sample of high school students was tracked for 3 consecutive years, completing annual surveys describing perceptions of parenting (i.e., psychological control and support), self-esteem, and adjustment (i.e., internalizing symptoms and externalizing symptoms). Longitudinal bidirectional associations emerged between adolescent per...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - December 11, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Huey M, Laursen B, Kaniušonytė G, Malinauskienė O, Žukauskienė R Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Neonatal Risk, Maternal Sensitive-Responsiveness and Infants' Joint Attention: Moderation by Stressful Contexts.
Abstract Neonatal risk factors have been associated with atypical development in various areas of social communication, including joint attention (JA), but little is known about factors in the early caregiving environment that can modify the negative implications of neonatal risk. The present study examines the links between neonatal risk and infants' JA, while considering the mediating role of maternal sensitive-responsiveness and the moderating roles of stressful contexts. One hundred and eighty-two families with infants (50% female) born in a wide range of gestational ages and birthweights participated ...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - December 10, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Egotubov A, Atzaba-Poria N, Meiri G, Marks K, Gueron-Sela N Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Sluggish Cognitive Tempo in Adolescents with and without ADHD: Differentiation from Adolescent-Reported ADHD Inattention and Unique Associations with Internalizing Domains.
Abstract A growing number of studies support the internal and external validity of youth self-reported sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) symptoms. However, no study has examined SCT in adolescents without ADHD, examined whether adolescent self-reported SCT is distinct from adolescent self-reported ADHD inattention (ADHD-IN), or evaluated whether links between SCT and internalizing problems differ for adolescents with or without ADHD. The present study is the first to (1) determine the convergent and discriminant validity of self-reported SCT and ADHD-IN symptoms in both adolescents with and without ADHD, (2) ...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - December 8, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Becker SP, Burns GL, Smith ZR, Langberg JM Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Racial Differences in the Relationship between Neighborhood Disorder, Adverse Childhood Experiences, and Child Behavioral Health.
Abstract The neighborhood and family context in which children grow profoundly influences their development. Informed by ecological systems theory and social disorganization theory, we hypothesized that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) mediate the relationship between neighborhood disorder and child externalizing and internalizing behaviors, and that these pathways vary by race/ethnicity. We conducted secondary data analysis using Fragile Families and Child Well-being study data. To test hypothesized pathways, we performed a mediation path analysis on a sample of 3001 mothers of children (ages 3 and 5)...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - December 6, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Wang X, Maguire-Jack K, Barnhart S, Yoon S, Li Q Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Emotion Regulation via the Autonomic Nervous System in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Replication and Extension.
This study revealed inflexible parasympathetic-based regulation across emotion conditions among youth with ADHD compared to typically developing youth. The present study sought to replicate and extend these findings to a clinically recruited, diverse sample, while also examining sympathetic functioning. Two hundred fifty-nine participants (160 youth with ADHD), aged 5 to 13, completed the task utilized in Musser et al. 2011, while indexes of parasympathetic (i.e., respiratory sinus arrhythmia [RSA]) and sympathetic (i.e., pre-ejection period [PEP] and electrodermal activity [EDA]) reactivity were obtained. ADHD was associa...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - December 4, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Morris SSJ, Musser ED, Tenenbaum RB, Ward AR, Martinez J, Raiker JS, Coles EK, Riopelle C Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Interpretation Biases and Childhood Anxiety: The Moderating Role of Parasympathetic Nervous System Reactivity.
Abstract This investigation examined vagal modulation of arousal, as indexed by respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), as a moderator of the covariance between interpretation biases and anxiety disorder symptom severity in a diverse sample of clinically anxious youth. A sample of 105 children with anxiety disorders (Mage = 10.07 years, SD = 1.22; range = 8-12 years; 57.1% female; 61.9% ethnic minority) and their mothers completed a battery of measures assessing interpretation biases and anxiety disorder symptom severity. Children also completed a behaviorally-indexed assessment of interpretation biase...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - December 3, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Trent ES, Viana AG, Raines EM, Woodward EC, Candelari AE, Storch EA, Zvolensky MJ Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Patterns of Continuity and Change in the Psychosocial Outcomes of Young Autistic People: a Mixed-Methods Study.
Abstract Long-term longitudinal studies have consistently demonstrated that the outcomes of autistic individuals are highly variable. Yet, these studies have typically focused on aspects of functioning deemed to be critical by non-autistic researchers, rather than autistic people themselves. Here, we uniquely examined the long-term psychosocial outcomes of a group of young autistic people (n = 27; M age = 17 years; 10 months; 2 female) followed from childhood using a combination of approaches, including (1) the standard, normative approach, which examined changes in diagnostic outcomes, autistic...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - December 2, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Pellicano E, Cribb S, Kenny L Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Racial Differences Between Black Parents' and White Teachers' Perceptions of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Behavior.
This study compared ADHD ratings of Black parents to White teachers, and examined factors that may explain racial differences. Participants included 71 Black parents (65 women, 6 men; Mage = 33.92) and 60 White teachers (41 women, 19 men; Mage = 33.60), as well as a comparison group of 65 White parents (49 women, 16 men; Mage = 36.83). Participants watched video clips of children in classrooms and rated ADHD behaviors and ADHD likelihood. They then completed questionnaires regarding beliefs about ADHD stigma, verve (movement expressiveness), experiences with racial discrimination, and racial attitudes. White te...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - December 1, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Kang S, Harvey EA Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Discrepancies in Mother-Adolescent Reports of Parenting Practices in a Psychiatric Sample: Associations with Age, Psychopathology, and Attachment.
Abstract Discrepancies in parent-adolescent reports of parenting practices may reveal important information about parent-adolescent relationship quality. Youth attachment security has been identified as a factor that may explain discrepancies between parents and adolescents in reporting on parenting. However, previous research has not examined this question among clinical samples, and has generally utilized non-optimal analytic strategies in modeling discrepancies. The current study aimed to extend previous work by using latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify patterns of mother-adolescent divergence in ...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - November 21, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Penner F, Vanwoerden S, Borelli JL, Sharp C Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

School-Based Treatment for Anxiety Research Study (STARS): a Randomized Controlled Effectiveness Trial.
Abstract The current study compared the effectiveness of a school-clinician administered cognitive behavioral treatment (CBT) to treatment as usual (TAU) at post-treatment (i.e., after 12 weeks) and at a 1 year follow-up. Sixty-two school-based clinicians (37 in CBT; 25 in TAU) and 216 students (148 students in CBT; 68 in TAU) participated. Students were ages 6-18 (mean age 10.87; 64% Caucasian & 29% African American; 48.6% female) and all met DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for a primary anxiety disorder. Independent evaluators (IEs) assessed clinical improvement, global functioning, and loss of anxiety ...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - November 19, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Ginsburg GS, Pella JE, Pikulski PJ, Tein JY, Drake KL Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Academic Motivation Deficits in Adolescents with ADHD and Associations with Academic Functioning.
This study also examines associations between motivation and academic functioning with objective (i.e., grade point average, standardized reading and math scores) and cross-rater measurement (i.e., parent-reported homework performance). Multivariate analysis of variance controlling for sex, intelligence, and medication status found that adolescents with ADHD exhibited a significant motivational deficit compared to adolescents without ADHD across all areas of academic motivation, including intrinsic motivation (d = 0.49), extrinsic motivation (d = 0.43), and amotivation (d = 0.42). To examine whether motivation ...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - November 17, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Smith ZR, Langberg JM, Cusick CN, Green CD, Becker SP Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Patterns of Homotypic and Heterotypic Continuity Between ADHD Symptoms, Externalising and Internalising Problems from Age 7 to 15.
We examined a cross-lagged autoregressive model in order to assess homotypic and heterotypic continuity between ADHD symptoms, aggressive behavior, non-aggressive behavior problems and anxiety/depression in a community-based sample of 1571 youth (761 female, 810 male) assessed annually from age 7 to 13 and again at age 15. Consistently significant correlations between each pair of problem behaviors provided support for concurrent comorbidity. Furthermore, significant autoregressive pathways provided support for homotypic continuity. Support for heterotypic continuity was limited to ADHD symptoms predicting both aggressive ...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - November 7, 2019 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Obsuth I, Murray AL, Di Folco S, Ribeaud D, Eisner M Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research