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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Psychiatric Comorbidity among Adolescent Earthquake Survivors: a Longitudinal Cohort Study.
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and comorbidity patterns of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and psychiatric symptoms among adolescents exposed to the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China and to examine the bidirectional prospective associations between PTSD symptoms and other psychiatric symptoms. A sample of 1573 adolescent survivors (45.8% male; mean age at initial survey was 15.0 years, SD = 1.3) completed a battery of standardized measures assessing symptoms of PTSD, depression, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), separation anxiety disorder (SAD), social phobia, conduct disorder...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - August 31, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Geng F, Zhou Y, Liang Y, Zheng X, Li Y, Chen X, Fan F Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Sensitivity to Peer Feedback in Young Adolescents with Symptoms of ADHD: Examination of Neurophysiological and Self-Report Measures.
Abstract Many youth with ADHD experience peer difficulties, but the mechanisms underlying this dysfunction remain unknown. Very little work has examined neurophysiological measures of social feedback processing in relation to ADHD symptoms. The goal of this study was to examine associations of ADHD symptoms with indicators of sensitivity to social feedback in a laboratory task and self-report of rejection sensitivity. A large community sample of 10- to 15-year-old adolescents (N = 391; Mage = 12.64, 48.6% girls) participated in the study. Mothers rated youth ADHD symptoms. Youth completed the Island ...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - August 29, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Babinski DE, Kujawa A, Kessel EM, Arfer KB, Klein DN Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

The Role of Emotion Understanding in the Development of Aggression and Callous-Unemotional Features across Early Childhood.
This study investigated the parallel development of, and reciprocal relationships between, emotion understanding (EU) and aggression across early childhood, as well as how they play a role in the development of CU features. Parallel latent growth curve modeling was used to examine longitudinal reciprocal relationships between EU and aggression in a sample of 498 primarily Black (i.e., African-American or Afro-Caribbean) preschoolers (49.5% male, 89.2% Black, Mage = 4.1), followed with six waves over a 45-month period from pre-kindergarten through grade 2. CU features were included as a baseline covariate, as well as an...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - August 29, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Schuberth DA, Zheng Y, Pasalich DS, McMahon RJ, Kamboukos D, Dawson-McClure S, Brotman LM Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Infants at Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder: Frequency, Quality, and Variety of Joint Attention Behaviors.
Abstract Initiation of joint attention is a critical developmental function related to further social communicative development in infancy. Joint attention appears to be impaired very early in life for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), well before a formal diagnosis is established. To observe the early development of joint attention, we prospectively followed infant siblings at high risk for ASD (HR) and low-risk (LR) infants. Initiations of joint attention behaviors were coded with respect to frequency, quality, and variety from videos taken during the administration of the Autism Observation ...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - August 27, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Franchini M, Hamodat T, Armstrong VL, Sacrey LR, Brian J, Bryson SE, Garon N, Roberts W, Zwaigenbaum L, Smith IM Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

A Phenotype of Childhood Autism Is Associated with Preexisting Maternal Anxiety and Depression.
This study explored whether ASD phenotypes in the child were associated with a history of anxiety or depression in the mother. We hypothesized that an ASD profile in children characterized by mild delays and increased rates of dysregulation would be associated with preexisting maternal anxiety or depression. Participants were 672 preschool children with ASD and their mothers. Children were classified as ASD after a comprehensive developmental evaluation. Mothers reported whether a healthcare provider ever diagnosed them with anxiety or depression before the birth of their child. Four child ASD phenotypes were derived from ...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - August 21, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Wiggins LD, Rubenstein E, Daniels J, DiGuiseppi C, Yeargin-Allsopp M, Schieve LA, Tian LH, Sabourin K, Moody E, Pinto-Martin J, Reyes N, Levy SE Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Longitudinal Changes in Victimized Youth's Social Anxiety and Solitary Behavior.
Abstract This investigation's aims were to assess normative trends in social anxiety and preference for solitude by gender from early childhood to late adolescence and examine the associations among the timing and duration of peer victimization and patterns of continuity or change in social anxiety and preference for solitude across this age period. A sample of 383 children (193 girls) was followed from kindergarten (Mage = 5.50) through grade 12 (Mage = 17.89), and measures of peer victimization, social anxiety, and preference for solitude were repeatedly administered across this epoch. Five victi...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - August 20, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Ladd GW, Ettekal I, Kochenderfer-Ladd B Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Maternal Trauma Exposure and Childhood Anxiety Outcomes: Examining Psychosocial Mechanisms of Risk.
Abstract The current study aimed to explore the relationship between maternal exposure to various types of trauma and child anxiety outcomes, and to investigate maternal depression and parenting quality as potential mediators of these relationships. Aims were examined within a sample of 185 mother-child dyads who participated in a longitudinal study assessing maternal trauma history, maternal depression, and parenting quality at preschool age (ages 2.5 to 5.5 years), and for whom maternal and secondary caregiver reports of child anxiety were obtained at school age (ages 6 to 11 years). Hypotheses were th...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - August 15, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Robinson BA, Hendrix CL, Sloan Krakovsky H, Smith AK, Brennan PA Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Extinction Learning as a Potential Mechanism Linking High Vagal Tone with Lower PTSD Symptoms among Abused Youth.
Abstract Childhood abuse is a potent risk factor for psychopathology, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Research has shown high resting vagal tone, a measure of parasympathetic nervous system function, protects abused youth from developing internalizing psychopathology, but potential mechanisms explaining this effect are unknown. We explored fear extinction learning as a possible mechanism underlying the protective effect of vagal tone on PTSD symptoms among abused youth. We measured resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and skin conductance responses (SCR) during a fear conditioning and...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - August 15, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jenness JL, Miller AB, Rosen ML, McLaughlin KA Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Response Inhibition, Response Execution, and Emotion Regulation among Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.
Abstract Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with deficits in response inhibition, response execution, and emotion regulation. However, the nature of the associations among these deficits remains unclear. Thus, this study examines these associations using a multi-method design. One hundred sixty-six children (aged 5-13 years; 66.3% male; 75 with ADHD) completed two conditions (i.e., neutral and fear) of an emotional go/no-go task. Parasympathetic-based regulation was indexed via respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), and sympathetic-based reactivity was indexed via cardiac pre-eject...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - August 15, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Tenenbaum RB, Musser ED, Morris S, Ward AR, Raiker JS, Coles EK, Pelham WE Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Integrating the Hopelessness Model and the Response Style Theory in an Adolescent Sample.
Abstract Integrations of cognitive models of depression, specifically, the hopelessness model (Abramson et al. Psychological Bulletin, 96, 358-372, 1989) and the response style theory (Nolen-Hoecksema et al. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 101, 405-422, 1992) have been suggested but no previous study has compared the integrations of these models with each other and the original models. Further, previous studies only tested the associations between composite scores of inferences, from the hopelessness model, and rumination (incl. brooding and reflection), from the response style theory. Thus, a 3-wave study...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - August 14, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Pössel P, Pittard CM Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

The Course of Neurocognitive Functioning and Prediction of Behavioral Outcome of ADHD Affected and Unaffected Siblings.
Abstract Longitudinal studies on the course of neurocognitive functioning of children with ADHD and their unaffected siblings are scarce. Also, it is unclear to what extent that course is related to ADHD outcomes. A carefully phenotyped large sample of 838 Caucasian participants (ADHD-combined type: n = 339, unaffected siblings: n = 271, controls: n = 228; mean age at baseline = 11.4 years, mean age at follow-up = 17.3 years, SD = 3.2) was used to investigate differences in the course of neurocognitive functioning of ADHD affected and unaffected siblings versus controls, and to in...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - August 6, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: van Lieshout M, Luman M, Schweren LJS, Twisk JWR, Faraone SV, Heslenfeld DJ, Hartman CA, Hoekstra PJ, Franke B, Buitelaar JK, Rommelse NNJ, Oosterlaan J Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

The Importance of Adolescent Self-Report in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Integration of Questionnaire and Autonomic Measures.
This study investigated the consistency of adolescent and parent reports of anxiety and auditory sensitivity in individuals with ASD, and examined their validity via comparisons with sympathetic arousal at baseline and in response to an auditory challenge. Fifty adolescent-parent dyads (n = 26 ASD, n = 24 typically developing; 12-16 years old; IQ>80) completed parallel versions of both anxiety and auditory hypersensitivity scales, which were compared to heart rate collected at rest and during an aversive noise task. Adolescents with ASD exhibited greater anxiety and auditory hypersensitivity than their peers, based on ...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - August 2, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Keith JM, Jamieson JP, Bennetto L Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

The Contribution of Childhood Negative Emotionality and Cognitive Control to Anxiety-Linked Neural Dysregulation of Emotion in Adolescence.
Abstract Adolescence is a period of heightened emotional reactivity, which is reflected in greater activation in emotion-processing regions of the brain in adolescents relative to children and adults. While elevated emotional reactivity and poor emotion regulation are thought to contribute to the rise in rates of internalizing psychopathology, including anxiety, during adolescence, little research has examined factors predicting individual differences in the neural regulation of emotion that can explain why only some adolescents experience anxiety. To address this gap, the present study examined the contri...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - July 31, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Davis MM, Miernicki ME, Telzer EH, Rudolph KD Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

Parent-Adolescent Concordance in Borderline Pathology and why it Matters.
Abstract The aims of the current study were to: 1) identify patterns of agreement between parent-adolescent dyads on reports of adolescent borderline personality features utilizing latent class analysis (LCA) and 2) examine the clinical implications of class membership for indices of psychiatric severity and internal psychological resources. The sample included 643 adolescent inpatients. Borderline personality features were assessed by both adolescents and parents using the Borderline Personality Features Scale - Child (BPFS-C; Crick et al. 2005) and Borderline Personality Features Scale - Parent (BPFS-P; ...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - July 30, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Wall K, Ahmed Y, Sharp C Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research

The Mediating Role of Trauma Symptoms in the Association between Past and Future Teen Dating Violence Victimization.
We examined whether the frequency of recent physical and sexual teen dating violence (TDV) victimization is positively associated with trauma symptom clusters (re-experiencing, avoidance, and hyperarousal), and whether these symptom clusters, in turn, are positively associated with the frequency of later TDV victimization. Participants were recruited primarily from truancy courts, and the sample consisted of 108 (47% female) 14-to-17-year-olds. Participants completed three assessments, spaced three months apart. Results indicated that the frequency of recent TDV victimization related positively to all three trauma symptom ...
Source: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology - July 28, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Rancher C, Jouriles EN, Rosenfield D, Temple JR, McDonald R Tags: J Abnorm Child Psychol Source Type: research