Preoperative assessment of grade, T stage, and lymph node involvement: machine learning-based CT texture analysis in colon cancer
ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that the texture analysis of preoperative CT scans obtained for staging purposes in colon cancer can predict the presence of advanced-stage tumors, high tumor grade, and lymph node involvement with moderate specificity and sensitivity rates when evaluated using ML models. (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - October 24, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Comparison of passive-scattered and intensity-modulated proton beam therapy of craniospinal irradiation with proton beams for pediatric and young adult patients with brain tumors
ConclusionsThe PTV doses of IMPT and PSPT are robust and stable in both anterior –posterior and lateral directions at both C level and L level, but IMPT is more robust and stable than PSPT for cranial–caudal movements.Trial registryClinical Trial Registration number: No. 04-03. (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - October 24, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Machine learning-based computer-aided simple triage (CAST) for COVID-19 pneumonia as compared with triage by board-certified chest radiologists
ConclusionThis multi-center study shows COVID-19 pneumonia triage by CAST can be considered at least as valid as that by chest expert radiologists and may be capable for playing as useful a complementary role for management of suspected COVID-19 pneumonia patients as well as the RT-PCR test in routine clinical practice. (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - October 20, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Differential diagnosis of MCI with Lewy bodies and MCI due to Alzheimer ’s disease by visual assessment of occipital hypoperfusion on SPECT images
ConclusionsThe occipital lobe was the region with significantly decreased rCBF in MCI-LB compared with MCI-AD subjects. Occipital hypoperfusion on brain perfusion SPECT may be a more useful imaging biomarker than the CIS for visually differentiating MCI-LB and MCI-AD. (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - October 20, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Clinical and neuroimaging review of monogenic cerebral small vessel disease from the prenatal to adolescent developmental stage
AbstractCerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) refers to a group of pathological processes with various etiologies affecting the small vessels of the brain. Most cases are sporadic, with age-related and hypertension-related sSVD and cerebral amyloid angiopathy being the most prevalent forms. Monogenic cSVD accounts for up to 5% of causes of stroke. Several causative genes have been identified. Sporadic cSVD has been widely studied whereas monogenic cSVD is still poorly characterized and understood. The majority of cases of both the sporadic and monogenic types, including cerebral autosomal-dominant arteriopathy with subcorti...
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - October 17, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Prospective evaluation of core number of biopsy for renal tumor: are multiple cores preferable?
ConclusionBiopsy with multiple cores significantly improved diagnostic yield. Thus, operators should obtain multiple cores during renal tumor biopsy. (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - October 14, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Response to “Striking a balance: embracing LLMs while upholding scientific integrity”
(Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - October 13, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Multiplexed sensitivity-encoding versus single-shot echo-planar imaging: a comparative study for diffusion-weighted imaging of the thyroid lesions
ConclusionCompared with cDWI, MUSE-DWI can improve the image quality, thyroid contour sharpness, lesion conspicuity, SNR in both the thyroid and its lesions, and enhancing the CNR between lesions and thyroid. (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - October 11, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Efficacy of uterine artery embolization (UAE) for uterine fibroids according to FIGO classification: a single-center experience
ConclusionUAE was effective for submucosal FIGO types 0 –3. UAE was especially useful as an option for FIGO type 3 with a low protrusion rate that is difficult to treat with transcervical resection. (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - October 10, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Utility of deep learning for the diagnosis of cochlear malformation on temporal bone CT
ConclusionsDeep learning technique implied a promising prospect for clinical application of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis of cochlear malformation based on CT images. (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - October 9, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Review of clinical and diagnostic imaging of the thymus: from age-related changes to thymic tumors and everything in between
AbstractThe thymus, a primary lymphoid organ of the immune system, undergoes several changes due to a variety of reasons, ranging from aging to pathological conditions. These changes can make distinguishing between benign and neoplastic changes in the thymus challenging, thereby complicating the histopathological diagnoses of thymic tumors. Moreover, most patients with thymic tumors are asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis. Therefore, imaging plays an extremely important role in the evaluation of thymic lesions. In this review, we introduced the imaging characteristics of the thymus, ranging from benign findings, such as ...
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - October 6, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Performance evaluation of ChatGPT, GPT-4, and Bard on the official board examination of the Japan Radiology Society
ConclusionChatGPTplus based on GPT-4 scored 65% when answering Japanese questions from the JRBE, outperforming ChatGPT and Google Bard. This highlights the potential of using LLMs to address advanced clinical questions in the field of radiology in Japan. (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - October 4, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
A retrospective study of locally advanced cervical cancer cases treated with CT-based 3D-IGBT compared with 2D-IGBT
ConclusionThe 2/3-year LC of the 3D-IGBT group was excellent and PFS also tended to improve. Care should be taken with concomitant use of bevacizumab after radiotherapy. (Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - October 1, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
The need of radiotherapy optimization for glioblastomas considering immune responses
AbstractGlioblastoma is the most common of malignant primary brain tumors and one of the tumors with the poorest prognosis for which the overall survival rate has not significantly improved despite recent advances in treatment techniques and therapeutic drugs. Since the emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors, the immune response to tumors has attracted increasing attention. Treatments affecting the immune system have been attempted for various tumors, including glioblastomas, but little has been shown to be effective. It has been found that the reason for this is that glioblastomas have a high ability to evade attacks f...
Source: Japanese Journal of Radiology - October 1, 2023 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
