Efficacy of a 0.05% cyclosporine a topical nanoemulsion in dry eyes with obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction
ConclusionTreatment with 0.05% CsA nanoemulsion in combination with warm compress twice daily alleviated signs of dry eyes with obstructive MGD. However, although MG secretion was improved, glandular loss could not be restored with three months of CsA nanoemulsion treatment. (Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology - March 2, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Switching from aflibercept to brolucizumab for the treatment of refractory neovascular age-related macular degeneration
ConclusionSwitching to brolucizumab in eyes refractory to aflibercept conferred favorable outcomes in controlling exudative changes. However, IOI and the regulation of the treatment interval to at least 8 weeks during the maintenance phase disrupted the continuation of brolucizumab treatment. (Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology - March 2, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Choroidal imaging using optical coherence tomography: techniques and interpretations
AbstractThe choroid is vascularized membranous tissue that supplies oxygen and nutrients to the photoreceptors and outer retina. Choroidal vessels underlying the retinal pigment epithelium are difficult to visualize by ophthalmoscopy and slit-lamp examinations. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging made significant advancements in the last 2 decades; it allows visualization of the choroid and its vasculature. Enhanced-depth imaging techniques and swept-source OCT provide detailed choroidal images. A recent breakthrough, OCT angiography (OCTA), visualizes blood flow in the choriocapillaris. However, despite using OCTA,...
Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology - February 16, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Posterior vitreous detachment after cataract surgery in eyes with high myopia: an optical coherence tomography study
ConclusionAfter cataract surgery, PVD progressed significantly faster in eyes with high myopia than in eyes without high myopia, and the relative risk for complete PVD was 1.68-fold higher in eyes with high myopia, suggesting that highly myopic eyes are at considerably high risk for retinal disease postoperatively. (Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology - February 5, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Serum vascular endothelial growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-1 and aflibercept levels in retinopathy of prematurity
ConclusionSerum VEGF levels are suppressed for at least 8 weeks, and aflibercept could be detected in the systemic circulation at 4 weeks after injection. Clinicians should be cautious about changes in systemic VEGF levels and passage of the agent into systemic circulation after IVA in infants. (Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology - January 29, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Visual cortex damage in a ferret model of ocular hypertension
ConclusionThe CO staining intensity was reduced in the visual cortex from OH eyes. This study revealed that OH causes metabolic change in the visual cortex. (Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology - January 19, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Effectiveness of a photoscreener in identifying undiagnosed unilateral amblyopia at vision screening of 3-year-old children in Japan
ConclusionUnilateral amblyopia with anisometropic hyperopia was easily overlooked with the home-based test but was detectable by photoscreener examination. The photoscreener proved to be an effective screening tool for amblyopia in children and was considered a satisfactory examination by a high proportion of parents. (Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology - January 19, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Recent trends in glaucoma surgery: a nationwide database study in Japan, 2011 –2019
ConclusionsThe total number of glaucoma-related procedures increased throughout the observation period. Before 2017 filtering surgery was the most common procedure, whereas trabeculotomy was most common after 2018. The proportion of trabeculotomies performed in combination with cataract surgery continuously increased. (Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology - January 19, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
The prevalence of uncorrected refractive error in Japan: the Locomotive Syndrome and Health Outcome in Aizu Cohort Study
ConclusionsThe prevalence of URE was 10.9% and exceeded 20%, especially in individuals older than 80 years. Given the correlation between increasing incidence of URE and increase in age, public health intervention to promote awareness of URE is important, especially for the older population. (Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology - January 19, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Multicenter, retrospective, observational study for the Treatment Pattern of systemic corticoSTERoids for relapse of non-infectious uveitis accompanying Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease or sarcoidosis
ConclusionIn Japanese clinical practice, many patients with recurrent uveitis accompanying VKH disease or sarcoidosis received SCS for relapse for ≥ 300 days, suggesting that reducing corticosteroids is challenging in patients with difficulty suppressing inflammation. (Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology - January 19, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Ocular surface flora and prophylactic antibiotics for cataract surgery in the age of antimicrobial resistance
AbstractAccording to the World Health Organization alert about the antimicrobial resistance crisis released in 2015, clinicians should strongly reconsider the prolonged use of antimicrobials. In this review, we focus on the ocular surface flora with respect to the trend of fluoroquinolone resistance, and its upset and restoration after topical administration of antimicrobials and preservatives. Even 3 weeks of topical administration of levofloxacin (LVFX) yields a selection of fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates bearing genetic changes in the ocular surface flora. One month of topical prophylactic administration of LVFX a...
Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology - January 10, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Assessment of choriocapillaris/Sattler and Haller layer changes after intravitreal injection in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration: aflibercept vs ranibizumab
ConclusionsAflibercept treatment has a more pronounced effect on the CC/Sattler layer. Such results may indicate that aflibercept treatment influences choroidal neovascularization, possibly by reducing the capillary permeability associated with active neovascularization in the CC layer. (Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology - January 4, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Long-term results of the safety and effectiveness of a novel microshunt in Japanese patients with primary open-angle glaucoma
ConclusionThe microshunt surgical procedure is safe and effective for Japanese POAG patients. (Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology - January 1, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Real-world effectiveness of screening programs for age-related macular degeneration: amended Japanese specific health checkups and augmented screening programs with OCT or AI
ConclusionsOphthalmologic screening for AMD is highly effective in reducing blindness but is not cost-effective, as demonstrated by a Markov model based on real-world evidence from Japan. (Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology - January 1, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Dry age-related macular degeneration in the Japanese population
ConclusionDry AMD in the Japanese population has characteristics of male predominance, older age, high prevalence of reticular pseudodrusen, and high bilaterality. (Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology)
Source: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology - December 27, 2021 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
