Error in Results
This article was corrected online. (Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association)
Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association - February 9, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Trends in Phenylephrine and Pseudoephedrine Sales in the US
This study examines purchasing patterns regarding oral decongestants, concerns about their efficacy, and the need for timelier postmarket evaluation. (Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association)
Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association - February 8, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Fever, Rash, and Shortness of Breath in a 69-Year-Old
A 69-year-old had fever, fatigue, rash, right periorbital swelling, and shortness of breath. Chest computed tomography revealed numerous small, bilateral pulmonary nodules; laboratory testing revealed mean corpuscular volume, 96.1 fL; hemoglobin level, 12.4 mg/dL; and leukopenia. What is the diagnosis and what would you do next? (Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association)
Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association - February 8, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Methylprednisolone as Adjunct to Endovascular Thrombectomy for Large-Vessel Occlusion Stroke
This clinical trial assesses the efficacy and adverse events of adjunctive intravenous low-dose methylprednisolone to endovascular thrombectomy for patients with acute ischemic stroke secondary to large-vessel occlusion. (Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association)
Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association - February 8, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Adjunctive Steroids as Stroke Reperfusion Strategy
With recent advances in endovascular devices and techniques for the treatment of large-vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke, rates of successful recanalization are as high as 90%. While technologies may continue to improve, it would be unreasonable to anticipate significant gains in this measure of macroperfusion. Instead, efforts are increasingly turned toward neuroprotection and augmenting the microcirculation to promote tissue viability during acute cerebral ischemia. Adjunctive intra-arterial thrombolysis and the recombinant variant of human activated protein C (3K3A-APC) have shown promising preliminary results, but warrant ...
Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association - February 8, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Endovascular Thrombectomy for Large Ischemic Stroke
This exploratory analysis of the SELECT2 trial assesses the relationship between imaging estimates of irreversibly injured brain (core) and at-risk regions (mismatch) and the association of mismatch with clinical outcomes and endovascular treatment effect in adult patients with acute ischemic stroke due to occlusion of the internal carotid or middle cerebral artery and large ischemic core in 31 global centers between October 2019 and September 2022. (Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association)
Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association - February 7, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Apixaban to Prevent Recurrence After Cryptogenic Stroke in Patients With Atrial Cardiopathy
This clinical trial compares the effectiveness of anticoagulation vs antiplatelet therapy for secondary stroke prevention in patients with cryptogenic stroke and evidence of atrial cardiopathy. (Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association)
Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association - February 7, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Thrombectomy in Medium to Large Ischemic Core
In 2015, 5 randomized clinical trials irrefutably established the benefit of thrombectomy for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke due to large-vessel occlusions, marking the beginning of the era of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) as a therapy for cerebral ischemia. This treatment was successful by achieving high rates of timely reperfusion that saved brain from infarction. Cerebral ischemic injury results from a critical imbalance of cerebral blood flow and energy demand, leading to irreversible infarction. Tissue already so severely injured as to be irretrievably destined to infarct is defined as ischemic core, while i...
Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association - February 7, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Anticoagulation for Atrial Cardiopathy in Cryptogenic Stroke
It can be counterintuitive for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) to understand the evidence-based recommendation to receive anticoagulation therapy despite successful suppression of their arrhythmia with an antiarrhythmic drug. After all, the general teaching is that the heightened risk of stroke and systemic thromboemboli occurs due to the stasis of blood in the left atrial appendage produced during rapid and disorganized fibrillation of atrial tissue. And yet, randomized clinical trial data have shown that cessation of anticoagulation given maintenance of sinus rhythm may be harmful and that the benefit of AF suppre...
Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association - February 7, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

IVT  + Thrombectomy vs Thrombectomy Alone in Acute Ischemic Stroke
This individual participant data meta-analysis assesses treatment time from stroke symptom onset and disability level after treatment with intravenous thrombolysis plus thrombectomy vs thrombectomy alone among patients who presented directly at thrombectomy-capable stroke centers. (Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association)
Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association - February 7, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

For AI Developers, Great Power Comes With Great Responsibility
This Medical News article is an interview with Marzyeh Ghassemi, a machine learning expert at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology who focuses on health care applications, and JAMA Editor in Chief Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo. (Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association)
Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association - February 7, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

65  000 Rape-Related Pregnancies Took Place in US States With Abortion Bans
Of the 14 US states that banned abortion after the Supreme Court overturned Roe v Wade in 2022, 5 allow exceptions for pregnancies caused by rape. But even these exceptions fail to grant the abortion access that they promise, resulting in rape-related pregnancies far outstripping the number of legal abortions, according to research published in JAMA Internal Medicine. (Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association)
Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association - February 7, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Hospitals Receiving Drug Discounts Make Large Profits From Markups
A recent study in the New England Journal of Medicine found that US hospitals charged insurers substantially more for infused drugs than they paid manufacturers who sold them the treatments. The study involved more than 400  000 patients with Blue Cross Blue Shield insurance who received these infusions at hospitals and physician practices. (Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association)
Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association - February 7, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Commercial Blood Test May Identify Alzheimer Disease Brain Pathology
A commercially available blood test that measures levels of a tau protein known as phosphorylated tau 217, or p-tau217, was able to identify people whose brains showed signs of Alzheimer disease pathology, according to data from an observational study. The research involved about 800 participants with and without cognitive impairment. (Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association)
Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association - February 7, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Large Study Ties OCD to Greater Risk of Death From Any Cause
Previous research on the mortality risk of people with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has shown mixed results and hasn ’t gone into specific causes of death. Now, results from a large cohort study published in The BMJ suggests they have an 82% higher risk of dying from all causes. (Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association)
Source: JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association - February 7, 2024 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research