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Detrimental Effects of Centrally Administered Angiotensin II are Enhanced in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer Disease Independently of Blood Pressure [Hypertension]
ConclusionsBrain angiotensin II seems to be involved in cognitive impairment and brain injury in AD, which is associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Further, brain angiotensin II may participate in cardiac disease and sarcopenia observed in AD. (Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association)
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 20, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Takane, K., Hasegawa, Y., Lin, B., Koibuchi, N., Cao, C., Yokoo, T., Kim-Mitsuyama, S. Tags: ACE/Angiotensin Receptors/Renin Angiotensin System, Basic Science Research, Cognitive Impairment Original Research Source Type: research

Comparative Safety of Sulfonylurea and Metformin Monotherapy on the Risk of Heart Failure: A Cohort Study [Health Services and Outcomes Research]
BackgroundMedications that impact insulin sensitivity or cause weight gain may increase heart failure risk. Our aim was to compare heart failure and cardiovascular death outcomes among patients initiating sulfonylureas for diabetes mellitus treatment versus metformin.Methods and ResultsNational Veterans Health Administration databases were linked to Medicare, Medicaid, and National Death Index data. Veterans aged ≥18 years who initiated metformin or sulfonylureas between 2001 and 2011 and whose creatinine was (Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association)
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 19, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Roumie, C. L., Min, J. Y., D'Agostino McGowan, L., Presley, C., Grijalva, C. G., Hackstadt, A. J., Hung, A. M., Greevy, R. A., Elasy, T., Griffin, M. R. Tags: Diabetes, Type 2, Heart Failure, Complications, Quality and Outcomes Original Research Source Type: research

Association of Magnet Status With Hospitalization Outcomes for Ischemic Stroke Patients [Health Services and Outcomes Research]
ConclusionsUsing a comprehensive all‐payer cohort of patients with ischemic stroke in New York State, we identified an association of treatment in Magnet hospitals with lower case‐fatality, discharge to a facility, and length of stay. Further research into the factors contributing to the superiority of Magnet hospitals in stroke care is warranted. (Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association)
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 18, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bekelis, K., Missios, S., MacKenzie, T. A. Tags: Epidemiology, Cost-Effectiveness, Ethics and Policy, Health Services, Quality and Outcomes Original Research Source Type: research

Associations Between Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Brain Structure and Function: Findings From the SABRE (Southall and Brent Revisited) Study [Imaging]
BackgroundSubclinical left ventricular (LV) dysfunction has been inconsistently associated with early cognitive impairment, and mechanistic pathways have been poorly considered. We investigated the cross‐sectional relationship between LV dysfunction and structural/functional measures of the brain and explored the role of potential mechanisms.Method and ResultsA total of 1338 individuals (69±6 years) from the Southall and Brent Revisited study underwent echocardiography for systolic (tissue Doppler imaging peak systolic wave) and diastolic (left atrial diameter) assessment. Cognitive function was assessed and total and ...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 18, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Park, C. M., Williams, E. D., Chaturvedi, N., Tillin, T., Stewart, R. J., Richards, M., Shibata, D., Mayet, J., Hughes, A. D. Tags: Clinical Studies, Echocardiography, Cognitive Impairment Original Research Source Type: research

Incremental Value of Transthoracic Doppler Echocardiography-Assessed Coronary Flow Reserve in Patients With Suspected Myocardial Ischemia Undergoing Myocardial Perfusion Scintigraphy [Coronary Heart Disease]
BackgroundAdenosine‐assisted transthoracic Doppler‐derived coronary flow reserve (TDE‐CFR) reflects coronary vascular function. The prognostic and incremental value of left anterior descending coronary artery TDE‐CFR above myocardial perfusion scintigraphy in patients with suspected myocardial ischemia has not yet been studied.Methods and ResultsThree hundred seventy‐one patients (mean age, 62.3±8.7 years; 46.8% males) referred to myocardial perfusion scintigraphy attributed to suspected myocardial ischemia were included in the study. The TDE‐CFR result was blinded to the referring physician. Patients were fo...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 18, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Gan, L.-M., Svedlund, S., Wittfeldt, A., Eklund, C., Gao, S., Matejka, G., Jeppsson, A., Albertsson, P., Omerovic, E., Lerman, A. Tags: Coronary Circulation, Ischemia, Prognosis, Ultrasound Original Research Source Type: research

Association Between Chronic Kidney Disease and Rates of Transfusion and Progression to End-Stage Renal Disease in Patients Undergoing Transradial Versus Transfemoral Cardiac Catheterization—An Analysis From the Veterans Affairs Clinical Assessment Reporting and Tracking (CART) Program [Interventional Cardiology]
BackgroundPatients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at increased risk for bleeding, transfusion, and dialysis after cardiac catheterization. Whether rates of these complications are increased in this high‐risk population undergoing transradial access compared with transfemoral access is unknown.Methods and ResultsFrom the Veterans Affairs (VA) Clinical Assessment Reporting and Tracking program, we identified 229 108 patients undergoing cardiac catheterization between 2007 and 2014, of which 48 155 (21.0%) had baseline glomerular filtration rate (GFR) between 15 and 59 mL/min. We used multivariable Cox modeling to...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 18, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Vora, A. N., Stanislawski, M., Grunwald, G. K., Plomondon, M. E., Rumsfeld, J. S., Maddox, T. M., Vidovich, M. I., Woody, W., Nallamothu, B. K., Gurm, H. S., Rao, S. V. Tags: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Quality and Outcomes, Coronary Artery Disease Original Research Source Type: research

Smokers and Postcessation Weight Gain After Acute Coronary Syndrome [Epidemiology]
ConclusionsFollowing an ACS, significant weight is gained by patients who quit smoking. Weight‐management interventions among smokers who quit after ACS should be a focus of investigation in future research so that the cardiovascular benefits achieved by smoking cessation are not offset by weight gain in this high‐risk population.Clinical Trial RegistrationURL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00794573. (Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association)
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 18, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Dehghani, P., Habib, B., Windle, S. B., Roy, N., Old, W., Grondin, F. R., Bata, I., Iskander, A., Lauzon, C., Srivastava, N., Clarke, A., Cassavar, D., Dion, D., Haught, H., Mehta, S. R., Baril, J.-F., Lambert, C., Madan, M., Abramson, B. L., Eisenberg, M Tags: Clinical Studies, Cardiovascular Disease, Lifestyle, Secondary Prevention Original Research Source Type: research

Optical Mapping Approaches on Muscleblind-Like Compound Knockout Mice for Understanding Mechanistic Insights Into Ventricular Arrhythmias in Myotonic Dystrophy [Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology]
ConclusionsThis DM mutant mouse model presented with clinical myofibril ultrastructural abnormality and cardiac arrhythmias, including atrial tachyarrhythmias, atrioventricular block, and ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Optical mapping studies revealed prolonged action potential duration and slow conduction velocity in the DM mice, leading to vulnerability of spatially discordant alternans and ventricular arrhythmia induction to pacing. (Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association)
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 17, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Chou, C.-C., Chang, P.-C., Wei, Y.-C., Lee, K.-Y. Tags: Arrhythmias, Basic Science Research Original Research Source Type: research

Potent Vasoconstrictor Kisspeptin-10 Induces Atherosclerotic Plaque Progression and Instability: Reversal by its Receptor GPR54 Antagonist [Vascular Medicine]
ConclusionsOur results suggest that KP‐10 may contribute to accelerate the progression and instability of atheromatous plaques, leading to plaque rupture. The GPR54 antagonist may be useful for prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. Thus, the KP‐10/GPR54 system may serve as a novel therapeutic target for atherosclerotic diseases. (Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association)
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sato, K., Shirai, R., Hontani, M., Shinooka, R., Hasegawa, A., Kichise, T., Yamashita, T., Yoshizawa, H., Watanabe, R., Matsuyama, T.–a., Ishibashi-Ueda, H., Koba, S., Kobayashi, Y., Hirano, T., Watanabe, T. Tags: Vascular Biology, Atherosclerosis, Coronary Artery Disease, Vascular Disease Original Research Source Type: research

Growth Differentiation Factor 15 at 1 Month After an Acute Coronary Syndrome Is Associated With Increased Risk of Maȷor Bleeding [Coronary Heart Disease]
ConclusionsGDF‐15 at 1 month after an ACS is related to the risk of bleeding during DAPT and provides additional information on the bleeding risk beyond baseline GDF‐15 levels. GDF‐15 levels may therefore be useful as part of decision support concerning long‐term antithrombotic treatment in patients post‐ACS.Clinical Trial RegistrationURL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00391872. (Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association)
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Lindholm, D., Hagstrom, E., James, S. K., Becker, R. C., Cannon, C. P., Himmelmann, A., Katus, H. A., Maurer, G., Lopez-Sendon, J. L., Steg, P. G., Storey, R. F., Siegbahn, A., Wallentin, L. Tags: Biomarkers Original Research Source Type: research

Characteristics of Earlier Versus Delayed Presentation of Very Late Drug-Eluting Stent Thrombosis: An Optical Coherence Tomographic Study [Coronary Heart Disease]
ConclusionsThe pathological mechanisms of very late DES thrombosis changed over time. Delayed neointimal healing remained a substantial substrate for VLST, even long after DES implantation. (Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association)
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Lee, S.-Y., Ahn, J.-M., Mintz, G. S., Hur, S.-H., Choi, S.-Y., Kim, S.-W., Cho, J. M., Hong, S. J., Kim, J. W., Hong, Y. J., Lee, S.-G., Shin, D.-H., Kim, J.-S., Kim, B.-K., Ko, Y.-G., Choi, D., Jang, Y., Park, S.-J., Hong, M.-K. Tags: Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Stent Original Research Source Type: research

Differences in Short- and Long-Term Mortality Associated With BMI Following Coronary Revascularization [Coronary Heart Disease]
ConclusionsOverweight was associated with lower mortality following CABG and PCI. Greater long‐term mortality in patients with obese class III following PCI, especially in those with high‐risk coronary anatomy without diabetes mellitus, warrants further investigation. (Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association)
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Terada, T., Forhan, M., Norris, C. M., Qiu, W., Padwal, R., Sharma, A. M., Nagendran, J., Johnson, J. A. Tags: Diabetes, Type 2, Obesity, Cardiovascular Surgery, Complications, Mortality/Survival Original Research Source Type: research

Long-Term Follow-up of the PADI Trial: Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty Versus Drug-Eluting Stents for Infrapopliteal Lesions in Critical Limb Ischemia [Vascular Medicine]
ConclusionsBoth clinical and morphological long‐term results after treatment of infrapopliteal lesions in patients with critical limb ischemia are improved with DES compared with PTA‐BMS.Clinical Trial RegistrationURL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00471289. (Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association)
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Spreen, M. I., Martens, J. M., Knippenberg, B., van Dijk, L. C., de Vries, J.-P. P. M., Vos, J. A., de Borst, G. J., Vonken, E.-J. P. A., Bijlstra, O. D., Wever, J. J., Statius van Eps, R. G., Mali, W. P. T. M., van Overhagen, H. Tags: Ischemia, Angiography, Revascularization, Stent, Peripheral Vascular Disease Original Research Source Type: research

Statin Eligibility and Outpatient Care Prior to ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction [Preventive Cardiology]
ConclusionsIn a large cohort of STEMI patients, application of American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines more than doubled pre‐STEMI statin eligibility compared with Third Report of the Adult Treatment Panel guidelines. However, access to and utilization of health care, a necessity for guideline implementation, was suboptimal prior to STEMI. (Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association)
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 12, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Miedema, M. D., Garberich, R. F., Schnaidt, L. J., Peterson, E., Strauss, C., Sharkey, S., Knickelbine, T., Newell, M. C., Henry, T. D. Tags: Lipids and Cholesterol, Epidemiology, Statements and Guidelines, Acute Coronary Syndromes Original Research Source Type: research

In Utero Particulate Matter Exposure Produces Heart Failure, Electrical Remodeling, and Epigenetic Changes at Adulthood [Molecular Cardiology]
BackgroundParticulate matter (PM; PM2.5 [PM with diameters of (Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association)
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 11, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Tanwar, V., Gorr, M. W., Velten, M., Eichenseer, C. M., Long, V. P., Bonilla, I. M., Shettigar, V., Ziolo, M. T., Davis, J. P., Baine, S. H., Carnes, C. A., Wold, L. E. Tags: Animal Models of Human Disease, Calcium Cycling/Excitation-Contraction Coupling, Contractile Function Original Research Source Type: research