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Peripheral Artery Disease Prevalence and Incidence Estimated From Both Outpatient and Inpatient Settings Among Medicare Fee-for-Service Beneficiaries in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study [Epidemiology]
ConclusionsThis study provides comprehensive estimates of PAD in the inpatient and outpatient settings where the majority of PAD burden was found. PAD is an important circulatory system disorder similar in prevalence to stroke and coronary heart disease. (Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association)
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - May 3, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kalbaugh, C. A., Kucharska-Newton, A., Wruck, L., Lund, J. L., Selvin, E., Matsushita, K., Bengtson, L. G. S., Heiss, G., Loehr, L. Tags: Epidemiology, Peripheral Vascular Disease Original Research Source Type: research

Million Hearts: Description of the National Surveillance and Modeling Methodology Used to Monitor the Number of Cardiovascular Events Prevented During 2012-2016 [Epidemiology]
ConclusionsAround 115 000 events were prevented during the initiative's first 2 years compared with what would have occurred had 2011 rates remained stable. Recent flattening or reversals in some event rate trends were observed supporting intensifying national action to prevent cardiovascular events. (Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association)
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - May 2, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ritchey, M. D., Loustalot, F., Wall, H. K., Steiner, C. A., Gillespie, C., George, M. G., Wright, J. S. Tags: Epidemiology, Myocardial Infarction, Mortality/Survival, Quality and Outcomes, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke Original Research Source Type: research

Randomized Trial Comparing the Effects of Ticagrelor Versus Clopidogrel on Myocardial Perfusion in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease [Coronary Heart Disease]
BackgroundTicagrelor is a P2Y12 receptor inhibitor used in acute coronary syndromes to reduce platelet activity and to decrease thrombus formation. Ticagrelor is associated with a reduction in mortality incremental to that observed with clopidogrel, potentially related to its non–antiplatelet effects. Evidence from animal models indicates that ticagrelor potentiates adenosine‐induced myocardial blood flow (MBF) increases. We investigated MBF at rest and during adenosine‐induced hyperemia in patients with stable coronary artery disease treated with ticagrelor versus clopidogrel.Methods and ResultsThis randomized doubl...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - May 2, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Pelletier-Galarneau, M., Hunter, C. R. R. N., Ascah, K. J., Beanlands, R. S. B., Dwivedi, G., deKemp, R. A., Chow, B. J. W., Ruddy, T. D. Tags: Coronary Circulation, Clinical Studies, Nuclear Cardiology and PET, Coronary Artery Disease Original Research Source Type: research

Risk for Incident Heart Failure: A Sub&&jnodot;nodot;ect–Level Meta–Analysis From the Heart “OMics” in AGEing (HOMAGE) Study [Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis]
ConclusionsSimple measurements allow reliable estimation of the short‐term HF risk in populations and patients. The risk model may aid in risk stratification and future HF prevention strategies. (Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association)
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - May 2, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jacobs, L., Efremov, L., Ferreira, J. P., Thiȷs, L., Yang, W.–Y., Zhang, Z.–Y., Latini, R., Masson, S., Agabiti, N., Sever, P., Delles, C., Sattar, N., Butler, J., Cleland, J. G. F., Kuznetsova, T., Staessen, J. A., Zannad, F., the Hea Tags: Risk Factors, Heart Failure Systematic Review and Meta ‐ Analysis Source Type: research

Relations of Liver Fat With Prevalent and Incident Atrial Fibrillation in the Framingham Heart Study [Epidemiology]
ConclusionsIn our community‐based, longitudinal cohort study, liver fat by computed tomography scan was not significantly associated with increased prevalence or incidence of AF over 12 years of follow‐up. (Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association)
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - May 2, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Long, M. T., Yin, X., Larson, M. G., Ellinor, P. T., Lubitz, S. A., McManus, D. D., Magnani, J. W., Staerk, L., Ko, D., Helm, R. H., Hoffmann, U., Chung, R. T., Benjamin, E. J. Tags: Arrhythmias, Inflammation, Epidemiology, Obesity Original Research Source Type: research

Bilirubin Decreases Macrophage Cholesterol Efflux and ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter A1 Protein Expression [Coronary Heart Disease]
ConclusionsCholesterol efflux from THP‐1 macrophages is decreased in the presence of plasma obtained from humans and rats with mild hyperbilirubinemia. A direct effect of unconjugated bilirubin on cholesterol efflux was demonstrated and is associated with decreased ABCA1 protein expression. These data improve our knowledge concerning bilirubin's impact on cholesterol transport and represent an important advancement in our understanding of bilirubin's role in cardiovascular disease. (Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association)
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 28, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Wang, D., Tosevska, A., Heiss, E. H., Ladurner, A., Molzer, C., Wallner, M., Bulmer, A., Wagner, K.–H., Dirsch, V. M., Atanasov, A. G. Tags: Lipids and Cholesterol, Cardiovascular Disease, Atherosclerosis Original Research Source Type: research

Temporal Trends in Incidence, Prevalence, and Mortality of Atrial Fibrillation in Primary Care [Epidemiology]
BackgroundIncidence and prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) are expected to increase dramatically; however, we currently lack comprehensive data on temporal trends in unselected clinical populations.Methods and ResultsAnalysis of the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) from 1998 to 2010 of patients with incident AF, excluding major valvular disease, linked to hospital admission data and national statistics. Fifty‐seven thousand eight hundred eighteen adults were identified with mean age 74.2 (SD, 11.7) years and 48.3% women. Overall age‐adjusted incidence of AF per 1000 person years was 1.11 (95% CI, 1.09...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 28, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Lane, D. A., Skȷoth, F., Lip, G. Y. H., Larsen, T. B., Kotecha, D. Tags: Catheter Ablation and Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator, Mortality/Survival, Quality and Outcomes Original Research Source Type: research

Effects of the Mean Amplitude of Glycemic Excursions and Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction on Cardiovascular Events in Nondiabetic Patients With Coronary Artery Disease [Preventive Cardiology]
BackgroundMean amplitude of glycemic excursion (MAGE) is commonly used to gauge the degree of glucose level fluctuations. MAGE plays a significant role in vascular endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), but its significance is not clear in non‐DM patients. Thus, we examined the impact of MAGE and vascular endothelial dysfunction on clinical outcomes in non‐DM patients with coronary artery disease.Methods and ResultsWe followed non‐DM patients (n=65) for 12 months who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention and assessed the relationship among MAGE, reactive hype...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 26, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Akasaka, T., Sueta, D., Tabata, N., Takashio, S., Yamamoto, E., Izumiya, Y., Tsujita, K., Kojima, S., Kaikita, K., Matsui, K., Hokimoto, S. Tags: Quality and Outcomes Original Research Source Type: research

Hepatic Fibrosis Is Universal Following Fontan Operation, and Severity is Associated With Time From Surgery: A Liver Biopsy and Hemodynamic Study [Congenital Heart Disease]
BackgroundCongestive hepatopathy is a recognized complication of Fontan physiology. Data regarding the incidence of hepatopathy and risk factors are lacking.Methods and ResultsLiver biopsies and cardiac catherizations were performed as part of an evaluation offered to all patients ≥10 years after Fontan. Quantitative determination of hepatic fibrosis was performed using Sirius red staining with automated calculation of collagen deposition per slide (%CD). Biopsies from included subjects were compared to stained specimens from controls without known fibrotic liver disease. Patient characteristics, echocardiographic findi...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 26, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Goldberg, D. J., Surrey, L. F., Glatz, A. C., Dodds, K., O'Byrne, M. L., Lin, H. C., Fogel, M., Rome, J. J., Rand, E. B., Russo, P., Rychik, J. Tags: Fibrosis, Congenital Heart Disease, Heart Failure Original Research Source Type: research

Randomized Controlled Trial of High-Volume Energy Drink Versus Caffeine Consumption on ECG and Hemodynamic Parameters [Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology]
BackgroundCaffeine in doses (Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association)
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 26, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Fletcher, E. A., Lacey, C. S., Aaron, M., Kolasa, M., Occiano, A., Shah, S. A. Tags: Arrhythmias, Electrophysiology, Diet and Nutrition, Hypertension Original Research Source Type: research

Hospital Performance on Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Process and Outcomes Measures [Health Services and Outcomes Research]
We reported the variance in risk‐standardized 30‐day outcome rates explained by process measures. We analyzed 1 268 860 PCIs from 1331 hospitals. For many process measures, median hospital performance exceeded 90%. We found strong correlations between medication‐specific process measures (P (Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association)
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 26, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Chui, P. W., Parzynski, C. S., Nallamothu, B. K., Masoudi, F. A., Krumholz, H. M., Curtis, J. P. Tags: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Health Services, Quality and Outcomes, Acute Coronary Syndromes Original Research Source Type: research

Graded Association Between Kidney Function and Impaired Orthostatic Blood Pressure Stabilization in Older Adults [Hypertension]
BackgroundImpaired orthostatic blood pressure (BP) stabilization is highly prevalent in older adults and is a predictor of end‐organ injury, falls, and mortality. We sought to characterize the relationship between postural BP responses and the kidney.Methods and ResultsWe performed a cross‐sectional analysis of 4204 participants from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, a national cohort of community‐dwelling adults aged ≥50 years. Beat‐to‐beat systolic and diastolic BP were measured during a 2‐minute active stand test. The primary predictor was cystatin C estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) categ...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 25, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Canney, M., O'Connell, M. D. L., Sexton, D. J., O'Leary, N., Kenny, R. A., Little, M. A., O'Seaghdha, C. M. Tags: Autonomic Nervous System, Nephrology and Kidney, Epidemiology, Blood Pressure Original Research Source Type: research

Circulating MicroRNAs in Delayed Cerebral Infarction After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage [Cardiovascular Surgery]
BackgroundDelayed cerebral infarction (DCI) is a major cause of morbidities after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and typically starts at day 4 to 7 after initial hemorrhage. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in posttranscriptional gene expression control, and distinctive patterns of circulating miRNA changes have been identified for some diseases. We aimed to investigate miRNAs that characterize SAH patients with DCI compared with those without DCI.Methods and ResultsCirculating miRNAs were collected on day 7 after SAH in healthy, SAH‐free controls (n=20), SAH patients with DCI (n=20), and SAH patients ...
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 25, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Lu, G., Wong, M. S., Xiong, M. Z. Q., Leung, C. K., Su, X. W., Zhou, J. Y., Poon, W. S., Zheng, V. Z. Y., Chan, W. Y., Wong, G. K. C. Tags: Intracranial Hemorrhage Original Research Source Type: research

Richard E. Kerber, MD, 1939-2016 [In Memoriam]
(Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association)
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 24, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Gutterman, D., Mark, A. Tags: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiac Care, Echocardiography In Memoriam Source Type: research

Implementing Cardiovascular Risk Prediction in Clinical Practice: The Future Is Now [Editorials]
(Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association)
Source: JAHA:Journal of the American Heart Association - April 24, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Karmali, K. N., Lloyd-Jones, D. M. Tags: Cardiovascular Disease, Epidemiology, Primary Prevention, Risk Factors Editorial Source Type: research