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Efficacy and Safety of Different Dosage of Recombinant Tissue-type Plasminogen Activator ...
Reperfusion therapies are recommended for patients with hemodynamic instability or high-risk acute pulmonary embolism (PE). Lower doses of tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) could be considered to improve bleeding complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a reduced dose of rt-PA for the treatment of acute PE, compared with anticoagulation and standard dose. PubMed Central, Scopus, Web of Science and Embase were searched for all relevant randomized studies and prospective observational studies that compared reduced dose of rt-PA with anticoagulation alone or standard dose of rt-PA in ...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - May 31, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Simultaneous Analysis of 10 Priority PAHs in Iranian Sangak Bread Samples by Developing a GC-MS ...
In this study, a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique combined with the QuEChERS extraction method was developed for concurrent analysis of 10 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Iranian traditional Sangak bread samples. The method was validated by determining different parameters, including; linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ). Calibration curves showed a linear relationship in the concentration range of 10-500 ng/g with a coefficient of determination (R2) ranged between 0.994 and 0.999. The obtained mean recoveries were 92-106% with the relativ...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - May 31, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

6-Methoxylated Flavonoids: Jacein, and 3-demethyljacein from Centaurea schmidii with Their ...
< p>In phytochemical analysis, Jacein derivatives: 5,7,4''-trihydroxy-3,6,3''-trimethoxyflavone-7(β)-D-glucopyranoside (1), and 3-demethyljacein: 3,5,7,4''-tetrahydroxy-6,3''-dimethoxyflavone-7(β)-D-glucopyranoside (2) were isolated from Campylopus schmidii (C. schmidii) for the first time. The structures were determined by interpretation of NMR, UV, and Mass spectra. To check the roles of ER stress and consequent apoptosis in MCF-7 cell by these compounds, UPR signaling pathway was further examined by analysis of expression of ER stress-related genes. In MTT assay, compounds 1-2 showed cytotoxicity activit...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - May 31, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Utilization, Cost, and Affordability of Antihypertensive Therapy in Bulgaria
ACE- inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, beta-blockers, Ca- antagonists are recommended as first-line monotherapy for hypertension. The aim of the current study is to analyze expenditures paid by the National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF) after introducing the budget cap cost-containment measure and its impact on affordability and utilization. The study is a retrospective, observational analysis of expenditure on main groups' antihypertensive medicines: beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, ACE- inhibitors, and AT receptor blockers. The cost paid by the NHIF two years before (2016-2017), and after (2018-2019) the ...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - May 31, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Isolation and Structural Elucidation of Novel Antidiabetic Compounds from Leaves of Momordica ...
The antihyperglycemic effect of the polyherbal combination of the leaves of Momordica balsamina Linn (MB) and Leptadenia hastata (pers) Decne (LH) have been reported in our previous study in addition to its documented dietary usages. However, the bioactive principles are yet to be fully elucidated. In the present study, bioactive antidiabetic compounds from the leaf extracts of Momordica balsamina Linn and Leptadenia hastata (pers) Decne were isolated and characterized. The plant leaves were fractionated with solvents in ascending order of polarity (hexane-chloroform-ethylacetate-methanol) using microwave assisted extracti...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - May 31, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Effect of Adjunctive Topical Liposomal Azithromycin on Systemic Azithromycin on Old World ...
In conclusion, the combination of oral and topical liposomal formulation of azithromycin is safe and effective to treat CL. (Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research)
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - May 31, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Environmental Exposure to Heavy Metals Contributes to Diseases Via Deregulated Wnt Signaling ...
Wnt signaling plays a critical role during embryogenesis and is responsible for regulating the homeostasis of the adult stem cells and cells fate via a multitude of signaling pathways and associated transcription factors, receptors, effectors, and inhibitors. For this review, published articles were searched from PubMed Central, Embase, Medline, and Google Scholar. The search terms were Wnt, canonical, noncanonical, signaling pathway,β-catenin, environment, and heavy metals. Published articles on Wnt signaling pathways and heavy metals as contributing factors for causing diseases via influencing Wnt signaling pathways...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - May 31, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase/Integrase Dual Inhibitors: A Review of Recent Advances and ...
The significant threat to humanity is HIV infection, and it is uncertain whether a definitive treatment or a safe HIV vaccine is. HIV-1 is continually evolving and resistant to commonly used HIV-resistant medications, presenting significant obstacles to HIV infection management. The drug resistance adds to the need for new anti-HIV drugs; it chooses ingenious approaches to fight the emerging virus. Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART), a multi-target approach for specific therapies, has proved effective in AIDS treatment. Therefore, it is a dynamic system with high prescription tension, increased risk of medication...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - May 31, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Inhibition of HMGB1 Might Enhance the Protective Effect of Taxifolin in Cardiomyocytes via ...
In this study, we found that taxifolin could decrease the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) while increasing the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), presented a protective role. Besides, taxifolin could also increase the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-α (VEGF-α), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and fibroblast growth factor21 (FGF21), resulting in viability rate increasing. And these effects were mediated by phosphatidylinositol 3-hydroxy kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway; a similar trend was also observed in HMGB1 knockdown...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - May 31, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Synthesis and Antiplatelet Activity Evaluation of a Group of Novel Ethyl Acetoacetate ...
We examined the antiplatelet activity of the derivatives against Arachidonic Acid (AA) and Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) as platelet aggregation inducers. The final results indicated the acceptable potency for different derivatives. In this regard, the para-hydroxyphenylhydrazine derivative of ethyl acetoacetate has the best activity among all derivatives, both on AA and ADP pathways. It seems that the derivatives with electron-releasing substituents (hydroxyl, methoxy, and methyl group) have better inhibition activities against the aggregation induced by AA. In contrast, those with an electron-withdrawing group showed a sig...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - May 31, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Plasma Concentration of Taurine Changes following Acetaminophen Overdose in Male Patients ...
This study aimed to follow up changes in plasma concentration of taurine during the first three days of acetaminophen overdose. Sixty-four male patients suffering from acetaminophen overdose were selected for the study. Four blood samples were taken from the patients every 12 h. Sixty blood samples were also taken from sixty healthy humans. The plasma concentration of taurine in both groups was analyzed an already developed HPLC method. Analysis of regression showed a significant correlation between means of plasma concentrations of taurine and acetaminophen, aspartate aminotransferase, Alanine aminotransferase, glutathion...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - May 31, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

In-vitro Effect of Imipenem, Fosfomycin, Colistin, and Gentamicin Combination against ...
The aim of this study was to investigate in-vitro antibacterial and antibiofilm effect of colistin, imipenem, gentamicin, and fosfomycin alone and the various combinations against carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). Eight carbapenem-resistant and biofilm-forming P. aeruginosa isolates from burn patients were collected. The mechanisms of resistance to carbapenem were determined by the phenotypic, PCR, and Real-Time PCR assays. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antimicrobial agents was determined by the broth micro dilution. To detect any inhibitory effect of antibiotics against the biofi...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - May 31, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

A Review of the Phytochemistry and Antimicrobial Properties of Origanum vulgare L. and Subspecies
Origanum vulgare L. (O. vulgare) is an important medicinal herb of the family Lamiaceae. In the current study, we explained the critical evaluation of traditional uses, the phytochemistry and the antimicrobial properties of O. vulgare and its subspecies, with a focus on the mechanisms of actions of the most important phytochemicals from O. vulgare subspecies. The most important phytochemicals of O. vulgare are volatile (essential oil) and non-volatile phenolic compounds (phenolic acids& flavonoids). The constituents of the O. vulgare essential oil (EO) include high percentages of thymol and carvacrol with excellent ant...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - May 31, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

In-vitro Chemopreventive Potential of a Chromone from Bomarea setacea (ALSTROEMERIACEAE) ...
Chemoprevention with natural products may provide important alternatives in the search for new drugs to treat cancer. Thus, the ethanol extract of Bomarea setacea and its secondary metabolite (chromone) were evaluated in-vitro in SW480 and SW620 human adenocarcinoma colon cells to identify a possible effect on cell growth, antiproliferative and/or proapoptotic activity. The ethanol extract did not show growth inhibition of these cell lines 48 h after treatment; besides, it required higher concentration and time to have an antiproliferative effect. On the other hand, although the chromone was not as active as the reference ...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - May 31, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Evaluation of Cytotoxic Potentials of Novel Synthesized Chalconeferrocenyl Derivative against ...
The treatment of melanoma is still challenging and therefore identification of novel agents is needed for its better management. Our previous study suggested that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) would be a novel target for treatment of several cancers. In the present study, we searched selective cytotoxicity and mitochondria mediated apoptosis of novel synthesized chalconeferrocenyl derivative (1-Ferrocenyl-3-(dimethylamino)-3-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl) propan-1-one) (FDMPO) as a COX-2 inhibitor on normal and melanoma cells and their mitochondria. For this purpose, we evaluated the cellar parameters such as cytotoxicity, apoptosis%...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - May 31, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research