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Application of QSAR Method in the Design of Enhanced Antimalarial Derivatives of Azetidine-2-carbonitriles, their Molecular Docking, Drug-likeness, and SwissADME Properties
The resistance of the P. falciparum strain to some of the antimalarial drugs has been a dominant dilemma facing the treatment of this fetid disease. This necessitates the detection and development of new antimalarial agents targeting the P. falciparum. Azetidine-2-carbonitriles reported for its antimalarial activities, could provide an alternative to the customized antimalarial drugs. Leading to the use of quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) studies, which relates the structures of Azetidine-2-carbonitriles with their activities to generate predictive models. The structures were optimized using density func...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - November 16, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Validation of a Multiclass Method for the Screening of 15 Antibiotic Residues in Milk Using Biochip Multi-array Technology and Its application to Monitor Real Samples
This study showed that the biochip-based technique is valid to identify and quantify antibiotic residues in milk at the studied validation levels. The method was rapid, easy, safe, and able to screen 13 sulphonamide, dapsone and trimethoprim from a single milk sample simultaneously with no sample preparation procedure (or just one-step centrifugation). (Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research)
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - November 16, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Assessment of Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effects of Salvia syriaca L. in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cell Line (Caco-2)
This work is aimed to elucidate cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of Salvia syriaca essential oil and its chemical composition by GC-MS. The human colon cancer cells (Caco-2) were treated with different essential oil concentrations for 24 h. Crystal violet test was used to determine cell viability at 630 nm by using an ELISA reader. Apoptotic processes were measured by Annexin V-FITC Apoptosis Assay Kit. Germacrene D (21.77%), trans-β-ocimene (14.66%),β-pinene (9.07%),α-cadinol (8.19%) andα-pinene (6.50%) were the main components of oil determined by GC-MS. Moreover, we observed that the...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - November 16, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Private Demand for Covid-19 Vaccine: A Contingent Assessment from a Low-and Middle-income Country
This study aimed to estimate Iranian willingness to pay (WTP) for a hypothetical COVID-19 vaccine and its determinants. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted from May 2nd to 20th, 2020 among the general population of Iran to estimate WTP for hypothetical COVID-19 vaccines. Four scenarios with different levels of efficacy and duration of protection were presented to respondents in the payment card scale of the contingent valuation method (CVM). With the corresponding WTPs under di fferent scenarios, mean, trimmed mean, median WTP values, and vaccine demand was estimated. A semi-log regression model was emp...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - November 16, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Adjunct Hypertonic Saline in Patients with Diffuse Edema Due to Heart Failure: A Randomized Double-Blinded Clinical Trial
In patients with diuretic resistance due to heart failure, higher doses or continuous furosemide infusion and adding hypertonic saline solution (HSS) to diuretics could be effective. The goal of this study was to assess the effectiveness of hypertonic saline solution administration in weight loss of hospitalizedpatients with diuretic-resistant edema due to heart failure. In a randomized double-blinded clinical trial, adult patients with diffuse peripheral edema due to heart failure who were unresponsive to 80 mg of oral furosemide were enrolled. The patients were randomized into two groups. In the intervention and control ...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - November 16, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Inhibition of Different Pain Pathways Attenuates Oxidative Stress in Glial Cells: A Mechanistic View on Neuroprotective Effects of Different Types of Analgesics
This study was aimed to investigate the protective effects of some selected analgesics in neuropathic pain-induced oxidative damage in the isolated glial cells of the rat brain. In this experiment, rats were randomly divided into 5 main groups. Rats in group 1 received no medication, whereas rats in groups 2 to 5 received ASA (aspirin), celecoxib, morphine, and etanercept daily, respectively. Each main group divides into 3 subgroups: normal, sham, and neuropathic pain model rats. The glial cells of the rat brain were isolated at different time points. Our results demonstrate that neuropathic pain induces ROS generation as ...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - November 16, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

An Overview on Quantum Dot-based Nanocomposites for Electrochemical Sensing on Pharmaceutical Assay
Quantum dots (QDs) are one of the first nanotechnological materials to be integrated with sensor technologies and have been widely anticipated to eventually find application chances in several commercial pharmaceutical and clinical products. They are one of the most important developments in the rapidly growing world of material science technology. The excellent properties of QDs may allow the design of simple, precise, and inexpensive electrochemical methods for the detection of pharmaceuticals. Electrochemical techniques offer accuracy, high sensitivity, low cost, simplicity, ease of preparation of the samples in a very ...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - November 16, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Efficacy and Safety of 0.25% Timolol Gel in Healing Split-Thickness Skin Graft Site
As a common intervention among burn patients, skin graft has some risks such as infections and delay of wound healing. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of topical 0.25% Timolol Gel (TG) in promoting wound healing in split-thickness skin graft donor sites. We conducted a double-blind, randomized clinical trial to assess re-epithelialization time, the level of pain based on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and the wound infection incidence. The scar status was also evaluated by the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) and the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS). Totally, 64 patients were random...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - November 16, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Novel Cytotoxic Phenanthro-triazine-3-thiol Derivatives as Potential DNA Intercalators and Bcl-2 Inhibitors
 Novel phenanthro-triazine-3-thiol derivatives were designed as potential DNA intercalators and Bcl-2 inhibitors. After being synthesized, the compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against MOLT-4 (human acute lymphoblastic leukemia) and MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma) cells by MTT assay. P1 (bearing hydrogen substitution) was the most potent derivative against MOLT-4 with an IC50 value of 7.1± 1.1μM, whereas P11 (bearing phenyl substitution) demonstrated considerable cytotoxicity against MCF-7 with an IC50 value of 15.4± 2.9μM. Compounds P7, P8, P14 and P15 e...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - November 16, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Ultrasound and Sonogenetics: A New Perspective for Controlling Cells with Sound
An important challenge in neurobiology is to stimulate a single neuron, especially in deep areas of the brain. The optogenetics methods need a surgical operation to convey light sources to targeted cells. Nowadays, non-invasive tools such as sonogenetics with the ability to modulate and visualizing cellular and molecular processes have attracted much attention. The study of the biological functions of living organisms always requires tools for monitoring and imaging dynamically. Current sonogenetic approaches use ultrasound as a non-invasive tool to precisely control cellular function. In general, sonogenetics includes the...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - November 16, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Biological Activities and the Essential Oil Analysis of Cousinia harazensis and C. calocephala
In conclusion, C. harazensis with more phenol and flavonoids content showed better results in terms of biological activities.  (Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research)
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - November 16, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

An Observational Study on the Application of the Second-generation Radiopaque Subcutaneous Implant
To analyze the effect, side effects, and satisfaction of the second-generation radiopaque subcutaneous implant, providing healthcare workers a basis for propaganda and guidance. Methods: A total of 214 cases of healthy women with birth control requirements from August 2016 to June 2018 received ray subcutaneous implants. Quantitative surveys were administered 10 days, 3 months, 12 months, and 24 months later. All cases were implanted successfully. The number of effective cases was 211, with 3 cases lost to follow-up. The pregnancy rate of 211 subjects during receiving implant was 0. Changes in bleeding patterns (130 cases,...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - November 16, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

The Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Rho-kinase Inhibitory Activity of 4-aryl-thiazole-2-amines
Rho-associated kinases (ROCK) are a class of serine/threonine kinases that play important roles in various biological processes. ROCK are becoming attractive targets for drug designing. A novel scaffold was designed according to molecular hybridization strategy, then a series of 4-aryl-5-aminomethyl-thiazole-2-amines were synthesized, and their inhibitory activities on ROCK were screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that 4-aryl-5-aminomethyl-thiazole-2-amines derivatives displayed certain ROCK II inhibitory activities. The IC50 value of the most potent compound 4v was found to be 20 nM. ...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - November 16, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Chemical Variation, Antimicrobial, Nitric Oxide Scavenging Activities and Tyrosinase Inhibition of Essential Oils and Solvent Extracts from Filipendula vulgaris Moench Growing in Turkey
Volatile organic compositions of the essential oils (EOs), solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and SPME of n-hexane extracts from the flower and stem-leaf of Filipendula vulgaris (F. vulgaris) were analyzed by GC-FID/MS.  A total of 107 constituents were characterized, flower and stem-leaf parts of the plant were found to contain different volatile organic compounds. Tricosane (29.6%), n-nonanal (20.5%) were identified as the main components in the essential oil of the flower, while phytol (35.2%) was found to be a major constituent in the essential oil of stem-leaf. Benzaldehyde (56.0%) and n-nonanal (31....
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - November 16, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Benefits and Risks of Melatonin in Hepatic and Pancreatic Disorders; A Review of Clinical Evidences
Melatonin is the "clock factor" produced from the pineal gland dominating regular circadian rhythm in mammalians. It is an indoleamine with potent multifunctional pharmacological effects, both receptor dependent and non-receptor dependent effects, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The aim of this review is to summarize clinical evidence related to melatonin's effectiveness in the treatment of liver and pancreas diseases. Databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Cochran Library were searched up to November 2020.Finally, this review has summarized up-to-date clinical evidence to investigate the efficacy ...
Source: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - November 16, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research