3-Dimensional Fluid and White Matter Suppression Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sequence Accelerated With Compressed Sensing Improves Multiple Sclerosis Cervical Spinal Cord Lesion Detection Compared With Standard 2-Dimensional Imaging
The objective of this work was therefore to assess diagnostic performance and self-confidence provided by compressed-sensing (CS) 3-dimensional (3D) FLAWS for cervical MS lesion detection on a head scan that includes the cervical cord without changing standard procedures.
Materials and Methods
Prospective 3 T scans (MS first diagnosis or follow-up) acquired between 2019 and 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent 3D CS-FLAWS (duration: 5 minutes 40 seconds), axial T2 turbo spin echo covering cervical spine from cervicomedullary junction to the same inferior level as FLAWS, and sagittal cervical T2...
Source: Investigative Radiology - August 10, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Ultra-High-Field 7 T Magnetic Resonance Imaging Including Dynamic and Static Contrast-Enhanced T1-Weighted Imaging Improves Detection of Secreting Pituitary Microadenomas
Conclusion
Ultra-high-field MRI surpasses 3 T MRI in pituitary microadenoma detection and enables more precise delineation with higher correlation with intraoperative findings. Thus, 7 T sellar imaging is a promising option—especially in previously magnetic resonance–negative patients with endocrinologically confirmed hormone oversecretion—and helps reduce the need for invasive diagnostics. (Source: Investigative Radiology)
Source: Investigative Radiology - August 10, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Myocardial Tissue Oxygenation and Microvascular Blood Volume Measurement Using a Contrast Blood Oxygenation Level–Dependent Imaging Model
Objectives
We propose a method of quantitatively measuring drug-induced microvascular volume changes, as well as drug-induced changes in blood oxygenation using calibrated blood oxygen level–dependent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We postulate that for MRI signals there is a contribution to R2* relaxation rates from static susceptibility effects of the intravascular blood that scales with the blood volume/magnetic field and depends on the oxygenation state of the blood. These may be compared with the effects of an intravascular contrast agent. With 4 R2* measurements, microvascular blood volume (MBV) and tissue o...
Source: Investigative Radiology - August 10, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Automated Detection, Segmentation, and Classification of Pleural Effusion From Computed Tomography Scans Using Machine Learning
Conclusion
Using a dataset with different degrees of complexity, a robust model was developed for the detection, segmentation, and classification of effusion subtypes. The algorithms are openly available at https://github.com/usb-radiology/pleuraleffusion.git. (Source: Investigative Radiology)
Source: Investigative Radiology - July 13, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Semiquantitative 3T Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Dynamic Visualization of the Glymphatic-Lymphatic Fluid Transport System in Humans: A Pilot Study
Conclusions
A clinical MRI study protocol was established for the visualization of lymphatic vessels as an important part of the GLS and therefore the brain’s clearing mechanism of interstitial solutes. Furthermore, dynamic changes in the GLS were described over time, possibly reflecting the clearing function of the GLS. This might constitute the basis for evaluating the GLS function in manifold neurological pathologies in the future. (Source: Investigative Radiology)
Source: Investigative Radiology - July 13, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography-Based Calcium Scoring: In Vitro and In Vivo Validation of a Novel Virtual Noniodine Reconstruction Algorithm on a Clinical, First-Generation Dual-Source Photon Counting-Detector System
In this study, CACS based on PureCalcium, VNC, and TNC, reconstructions was evaluated in a CACS phantom and in 67 patients (70 [59/80] years, 58.2% male) undergoing CCTA on a first-generation photon counting detector–computed tomography system. Coronary artery calcium scores were quantified for the 3 reconstructions and compared using Wilcoxon test. Agreement was evaluated by Pearson and Spearman correlation and Bland-Altman analysis. Classification of coronary artery calcium score categories (0, 1–10, 11–100, 101–400, and>400) was compared using Cohen κ.
Results
Phantom studies demonstrated strong agreemen...
Source: Investigative Radiology - July 13, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
From Dose Reduction to Contrast Maximization: Can Deep Learning Amplify the Impact of Contrast Media on Brain Magnetic Resonance Image Quality? A Reader Study
Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate a deep learning method designed to increase the contrast-to-noise ratio in contrast-enhanced gradient echo T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisitions. The processed images are quantitatively evaluated in terms of lesion detection performance.
Materials and Methods
A total of 250 multiparametric brain MRIs, acquired between November 2019 and March 2021 at Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (Villejuif, France), were considered for inclusion in this retrospective monocentric study. Independent training (107 cases; age, 55 ± 14 years; 58 women) and tes...
Source: Investigative Radiology - July 13, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
New-Generation Low-Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Hip Arthroplasty Implants Using Slice Encoding for Metal Artifact Correction: First In Vitro Experience at 0.55 T and Comparison With 1.5 T
This study aims to assess the feasibility of SEMAC on a new-generation 0.55 T system, optimize the pulse protocol parameters, and compare the results with those of a standard-of-care 1.5 T MRI.
Materials and Methods
Titanium (Ti) and cobalt-chromium total hip arthroplasty implants embedded in a tissue-mimicking American Society for Testing and Materials gel phantom were evaluated using turbo spin echo, view angle tilting (VAT), and combined VAT and SEMAC (VAT + SEMAC) pulse sequences. To refine an MRI protocol at 0.55 T, the type of metal artifact reduction techniques and the effect of various pulse sequence paramet...
Source: Investigative Radiology - July 13, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Efficacy of Gadopiclenol in Pediatric Patients Aged 2 to 17 Years
Conclusions
The PK profile of gadopiclenol in children aged 2 to 17 years was similar to that observed in adults. Thus, there is no indication for age-based dose adaptation, and comparable plasma gadopiclenol concentrations are predicted to be achieved with body weight–based dosing in this population. Gadopiclenol at 0.05 mmol/kg seems to have a good safety profile in these patients and could improve lesion detection and visualization, therefore providing better diagnostic confidence. (Source: Investigative Radiology)
Source: Investigative Radiology - July 13, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Liquid-Liver Phantom: Mimicking the Viscoelastic Dispersion of Human Liver for Ultrasound- and MRI-Based Elastography
Conclusions
The liquid-liver phantom has useful properties for standardization and development of liver elastography. First, it can be used across clinical and experimental elastography devices in ultrasound and MRI. Second, being a liquid, it can easily be adapted in size and shape to specific technical requirements, and by adding inclusions and scatterers. Finally, because the phantom is based on noncrosslinked linear PAAm constituents, it is easy to produce, indicating potential widespread use among researchers and vendors to standardize liver stiffness measurements. (Source: Investigative Radiology)
Source: Investigative Radiology - July 13, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography-Based Spatial Prediction of Drug Dose After Transarterial Chemoembolization Using Radiopaque Drug-Eluting Beads in Woodchuck Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Conclusions
Estimation of drug dose delivered during transarterial chemoembolization in a woodchuck hepatocellular carcinoma model was possible using DEB radiopacity on cone-beam CT as a surrogate marker. Doxorubicin penetration was greatest adjacent to vessels containing DEB clusters compared with single DEB. Intraprocedural estimation of the spatial distribution of drug dose within the tumor could enable real-time adjustments to DEB delivery, to maximize treatment coverage or identify regions of tumor at risk for undertreatment. (Source: Investigative Radiology)
Source: Investigative Radiology - July 13, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Virtual Noncontrast Imaging of the Liver Using Photon-Counting Detector Computed Tomography: A Systematic Phantom and Patient Study
Objectives
The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of virtual noncontrast (VNC) images of the liver in a phantom and patients using dual-source photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT).
Materials and Methods
An anthropomorphic abdominal phantom with a liver insert containing liver parenchyma (1.4 mgI/mL) and 19 liver lesions (iodine content 0–5 mgI/mL) was imaged on a clinical dual-source PCD-CT (tube voltage 120 kV) and in the dual-energy mode on a dual-source energy-integrating detector (EID) CT (tube voltage combinations, 80/Sn150 kV, 90/Sn150 kV, and 100/Sn150 kV). Rings of fat-equiva...
Source: Investigative Radiology - June 20, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Whole-Body Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Large Population-Based German National Cohort Study: Predictive Capability of Automated Image Quality Assessment for Protocol Repetitions
Background
Reproducible image quality is of high relevance for large cohort studies and can be challenging for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Automated image quality assessment may contribute to conducting radiologic studies effectively.
Purpose
The aims of this study were to assess protocol repetition frequency in population-based whole-body MRI along with its effect on examination time and to examine the applicability of automated image quality assessment for predicting decision-making regarding repeated acquisitions.
Materials and Methods
All participants enrolled in the prospective, multicenter Ger...
Source: Investigative Radiology - June 20, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Dynamic Liver Magnetic Resonance Imaging During Free Breathing: A Feasibility Study With a Motion Compensated Variable Density Radial Acquisition and a Viewsharing High-Pass Filtering Reconstruction
Objective
Robust dynamic contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images are crucial for accurate detection and categorization of focal liver lesions in liver/abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). As optimal dynamic imaging usually requires multiple breath-holds, its inherent susceptibility to motion artifacts frequently results in degraded image quality in incompliant patients. Because free-breathing imaging may overcome this drawback, the intention of this study was to evaluate a dynamic MRI sequence acquired during free breathing using the variable density, elliptical centric golden angle radial stack-of-stars radial sam...
Source: Investigative Radiology - June 20, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Fat Quantification in Dual-Layer Detector Spectral Computed Tomography: Experimental Development and First In-Patient Validation
Conclusions
Fat quantification was developed for dlsCT and agreement with MR techniques demonstrated for patient liver and muscle. Hepatic steatosis and myosteatosis can be detected in dlsCT scans from clinical routine, which retrospectively provide spectral information independent of the imaging mode. (Source: Investigative Radiology)
Source: Investigative Radiology - June 20, 2022 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
