Empiric Switching of Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents in Patients With History of Previous Immediate Hypersensitivity Reaction to GBCA: A Prospective Single-Center, Single-Arm Efficacy Trial
Conclusions
In this prospective single-arm study, empirically switching GBCA to gadoterate in patients with prior HR to GBCA substantially reduced the expected rate of subsequent HRs in patients with and without the use of corticosteroid premedication.
Implications for Patient Care
Empirically switching GBCAs, with or without the use of corticosteroid premedication, can substantially reduce the rate of hypersensitivity breakthrough reactions. (Source: Investigative Radiology)
Source: Investigative Radiology - May 11, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
A Deep Learning System for Synthetic Knee Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Is Artificial Intelligence‐Based Fat-Suppressed Imaging Feasible?
Objectives
Materials and Methods
This single-center study was approved by the institutional review board. Artificial intelligence‐based FS MRI scans were created from non-FS images using a deep learning system with a modified convolutional neural network–based U-Net that used a training set of 25,920 images and validation set of 16,416 images. Three musculoskeletal radiologists reviewed 88 knee MR studies in 2 sessions, the original (proton density [PD] + FSPD) and the synthetic (PD + AFSMRI). Readers recorded AFSMRI quality (diagnostic/nondiagnostic) and the presence or absence of meniscal, ligament, and tendo...
Source: Investigative Radiology - May 11, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
A Deep-Learning Diagnostic Support System for the Detection of COVID-19 Using Chest Radiographs: A Multireader Validation Study
Objectives
Materials and Methods
Five publicly available databases comprising normal CXR, confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia cases, and other pneumonias were used. After the harmonization of the data, the training set included 7966 normal cases, 5451 with other pneumonia, and 258 CXRs with COVID-19 pneumonia, whereas in the testing data set, each category was represented by 100 cases. Eleven blinded radiologists with various levels of expertise independently read the testing data set. The data were analyzed separately with the newly proposed artificial intelligence–based system and by consultant radiologists and reside...
Source: Investigative Radiology - May 11, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
The Macrocyclic Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents Gadobutrol and Gadoteridol Show Similar Elimination Kinetics From the Brain After Repeated Intravenous Injections in Rabbits
Objective
Materials and Methods
Male white New Zealand rabbits (2.4–3.1 kg) in 2 study groups (n = 21 each) received 3 injections of either gadobutrol or gadoteridol at 0.9 mmol Gd/kg within 5 days (total dose, 2.7 mmol Gd/kg). Animals in one control group (n = 9) received 3 injections of saline (1.8 mL/kg). After 2, 6, and 12 weeks, 7 animals from each study group and 3 from the control group were killed and the Gd concentrations in the cerebellum, cerebrum, in blood and in urine were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The chemical species of excreted Gd in urine were determined by high ...
Source: Investigative Radiology - May 11, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Steadily Increasing Inversion Time Improves Blood Suppression for Free-Breathing 3D Late Gadolinium Enhancement MRI With Optimized Dark-Blood Contrast
Objectives
Materials and Methods
Fifty consecutive patients with previous cardiac arrhythmias, scheduled for high-resolution 3D LGE MRI, were prospectively enrolled between October 2017 and February 2020. Free-breathing 3D dark-blood LGE MRI with high isotropic resolution (1.6 × 1.6 × 1.6 mm) was performed using a conventional fixed TI (n = 25) or a dynamic TI (n = 25). The average increase in blood nulling TI per minute was obtained from Look-Locker scans before and after the 3D acquisition in the first fixed TI group. This average increment in TI was used as input to calculate the dynamic increment of the initi...
Source: Investigative Radiology - April 9, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Technical Note Source Type: research
Application of a Novel Iterative Denoising and Image Enhancement Technique in T1-Weighted Precontrast and Postcontrast Gradient Echo Imaging of the Abdomen: Improvement of Image Quality and Diagnostic Confidence
Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a novel iterative denoising and image enhancement technique in T1-weighted precontrast and postcontrast volume-interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) of the abdomen on image quality, noise levels, and diagnostic confidence without change of acquisition parameters.
Materials and Methods
Fifty patients were included in this retrospective, monocentric, institutional review board–approved study after clinically indicated magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen including T1-weighted precontrast and postcontrast imaging. After acquisition of th...
Source: Investigative Radiology - April 9, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Pre-examinations Improve Automated Metastases Detection on Cranial MRI
Objective
Materials and Methods
Our local ethics committee approved this retrospective monocenter study.
First, a dual-time approach was assessed, for which the CNN was provided sequences of the MRI that initially depicted new MM (diagnosis MRI) as well as of a prediagnosis MRI: inclusion of only contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images (CNNdual_ce) was compared with inclusion of also the native T1-weighted images, T2-weighted images, and FLAIR sequences of both time points (CNNdual_all).
Second, results were compared with the corresponding single time approaches, in which the CNN was provided exclusively the res...
Source: Investigative Radiology - April 9, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Diagnostic Confidence and Feasibility of a Deep Learning Accelerated HASTE Sequence of the Abdomen in a Single Breath-Hold
Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a single breath-hold fast half-Fourier single-shot turbo spin echo (HASTE) sequence using a deep learning reconstruction (HASTEDL) for T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen as compared with 2 standard T2-weighted imaging sequences (HASTE and BLADE).
Materials and Methods
Sixty-six patients who underwent 1.5-T liver magnetic resonance imaging were included in this monocentric, retrospective study. The following T2-weighted sequences in axial orientation and using spectral fat suppression were compared: a conventional respiratory-tr...
Source: Investigative Radiology - April 9, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Detection of U-87 Tumor Cells by RGD-Functionalized/Gd-Containing Giant Unilamellar Vesicles in Magnetization Transfer Contrast Magnetic Resonance Images
Conclusions
RGD GUVs seem to be interesting carriers that can facilitate the specific accumulation of MRI contrast agents at the tumor region. However, the concentration achieved is still below the threshold needed for T1w-MRI visualization. Conversely, MTC proved to be sufficiently sensitive for the visualization of detectable contrast between pretargeting and posttargeting images. (Source: Investigative Radiology)
Source: Investigative Radiology - April 9, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Accelerated Isotropic Multiparametric Imaging by High Spatial Resolution 3D-QALAS With Compressed Sensing: A Phantom, Volunteer, and Patient Study
Conclusions
Multiparametric imaging of the whole brain based on 3D-QALAS can be accelerated using CS while preserving tissue quantitative values, tissue segmentation, and quality of synthetic images. (Source: Investigative Radiology)
Source: Investigative Radiology - April 9, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Computed Tomography Angiography of the Aorta—Optimization of Automatic Tube Voltage Selection Settings to Reduce Radiation Dose or Contrast Medium in a Prospective Randomized Trial
Objectives
The aim of this study was to compare the image quality of low-kV protocols with optimized automatic tube voltage selection (ATVS) settings to reduce either radiation dose or contrast medium (CM) with that of a reference protocol for computed tomography angiography (CTA) of the thoracoabdominal aorta.
Materials and Methods
In this institutional review board–approved, single-center, prospective randomized controlled trial, 126 patients receiving CTA of the aorta were allocated to one of three computed tomography protocols: (A) reference protocol at 120 kVp and standard weight-adapted CM dose; (B) prot...
Source: Investigative Radiology - April 9, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
A Multicentric Comparison of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Mapping and the Kaiser Score in the Assessment of Breast Lesions
Objective
Materials and Methods
In this multicentric study, individual patient data from 3 different centers were analyzed. Consecutive patients receiving standardized multiparametric breast magnetic resonance imaging for standard nonscreening indications were included. At each center, 2 experienced radiologists with more than 5 years of experience retrospectively interpreted the examinations in consensus and applied the KS to every histologically verified lesion. The corresponding mean ADC of each lesion was measured using a Wielema type 4 region of interest. According to established methods, the KS and ADC were c...
Source: Investigative Radiology - April 9, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Scientific Advances, Investigative Radiology 2020 (and Beyond)
No abstract available (Source: Investigative Radiology)
Source: Investigative Radiology - April 9, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Positron Emission Tomography–Magnetic Resonance Imaging Pharmacokinetics, In Vivo Biodistribution, and Whole-Body Elimination of Mn-PyC3A
Conclusions
Mn-PyC3A has different pharmacokinetics and is more efficiently eliminated than Mn-DPDP in normal rats. Mn-PyC3A is efficiently eliminated from both normal and 5/6 nephrectomy rats, with increased fractional hepatobiliary excretion from 5/6 nephrectomy rats. Mn-PyC3A is more completely eliminated than Gd-DOTA from 5/6 nephrectomy rats after 7 days. (Source: Investigative Radiology)
Source: Investigative Radiology - March 10, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Deep Learning on Conventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Improves the Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis Mimics
Objectives
The aims of this study were to present a deep learning approach for the automated classification of multiple sclerosis and its mimics and compare model performance with that of 2 expert neuroradiologists.
Materials and Methods
A total of 268 T2-weighted and T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imagin scans were retrospectively collected from patients with migraine (n = 56), multiple sclerosis (n = 70), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (n = 91), and central nervous system vasculitis (n = 51). The neural network architecture, trained on 178 scans, was based on a cascade of 4 three-dimensional con...
Source: Investigative Radiology - March 10, 2021 Category: Radiology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
