International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Radiographic Predictors of Extranodal Extension on Preoperative Contrast-enhanced CT in Patients with Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Upfront treatment options for patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) include surgical resection or radiotherapy (RT). In surgically managed patients, extranodal extension (ENE) is an accepted indication for adjuvant chemoRT. Reliable methods to predict ENE using preoperative contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) are needed to better select the initial treatment approach and avoid trimodality therapy. (Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics)
Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics - March 14, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: R.T. Hughes, C.M. Lack, J.R. Sachs, K.D. Hiatt, S. Smith, C. Steber, R. D'Agostino, P.M. Bunch Tags: 220 Source Type: research

Detection of Minimal Residual Disease in Post-surgical Drain Fluid Synergizes with Pathology to Predict Recurrence in HPV-negative Head and Neck Cancer Patients
We present a novel proximal assay for minimal residual disease (MRD) profiled in lymphatic exudate collected via surgical drains ( “lymph”). (Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics)
Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics - March 14, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: A.A. Chaudhuri, Z. Gu, D. Whitfield, N. Earland, A. Harmon, M. Long, P.K. Harris, Z. Xu, R.J. Ramirez, S.P. Gerndt, M. Pacula, M. Francis, W. Winckler, J.P. Zevallos Tags: 221 Source Type: research

Investigating NRF2-Mediated Radioresistance in HPV-Negative Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Preclinical Models
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) that are not driven by human papillomavirus (HPV) are associated with a higher likelihood of treatment resistance and recurrence compared to HPV-positive HNSCC. There are currently no genomic-guided treatments for HPV-negative HNSCC, meaning that patients do not benefit from precision medicine approaches. Thus, it is critical to understand the mechanisms underlying HNSCC progression to identify molecular targets and better stratify therapeutic options for patients. (Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics)
Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics - March 14, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: A. Puri, M. Lambie, S.V. Bratman Tags: 222 Source Type: research

Imatinib plus Cetuximab as a Window of Opportunity Clinical Trial in Head and Neck Cancer
Cetuximab, an approved anti-EGFR receptor monoclonal antibody, is used for the treatment of metastatic cancer, often in conjunction with cytotoxic chemotherapy. It is also employed as a radiosensitizer in the context of definitive radiation therapy for locally advanced cases. However, overcoming resistance to cetuximab, whether intrinsic or acquired, represents a significant challenge in clinical practice. In preclinical studies, the identification of tyrosine 821 (Y821) on the C-terminal of AXL has been linked to resistance to both cetuximab and radiation therapy via signaling through the tyrosine kinase c-Abl. (Source: I...
Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics - March 14, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: J.Y. Bruce, T. Glazer, M. Iida, B. Mehall, K.L. Kostecki, M. Yu, A. Wieland, G.K. Hartig, T.M. McCulloch, D. Trask, A. Burr, P.M. Harari, R.J. Kimple, D.L. Wheeler Tags: 223 Source Type: research

High Expression of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Phosphatase 1 Inversely Correlates with p16 Expression and Is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Laryngeal Cancer Patients
While high protein expression of p16 is associated with better clinical outcomes and a less aggressive phenotype in larynx cancers, the molecular mechanisms underlying the association of p16 over-expression and improved survival in larynx cancer remain to be defined. We hypothesized that p16 protein expression levels are associated with distinct cellular pathways and clinical outcomes in larynx cancer. (Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics)
Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics - March 14, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: H. Nguyen, D. Gaykalova, R. Mehra, A.C. Shetty, M.E. Witek Tags: 224 Source Type: research

Histone/Lysine Acetylation as a Target for Sensitization in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
CREBBP and EP300, encoding for CBP and p300 respectively, are highly homologous multifunctional histone/lysine acetyltransferases (HATs or KATs) that are mutated in ∼15% of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) and these mutations are associated with clinical recurrence and poorer survival following radiation. We found that some of these mutations demonstrate gain-of-function (GOF) related to increased HR-mediated DNA damage repair (DDR). We hypothesi ze that targeting GOF mutations in HATs/KATs sensitizes HNSCC through induction of a BRCA-like phenotype with decreased DNA repair, increased sensitivity to PARP in...
Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics - March 14, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: B. Leibowitz, A. Hefner, S. Basu, A. Gopalkrishnan, M. Elfayoumi, C. Pickering, H.D. Skinner Tags: 225 Source Type: research

Generalized Pairwise Comparisons Method to Assess Total Severe Oral Mucositis Burden and Interventional Benefit in HNC
Severe oral mucositis (SOM, WHO Gr 3-4) is a common and debilitating side effect of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and concurrent cisplatin (CRT) in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Patient SOM burden is defined by multiple endpoints (incidence, duration, severity and time to onset) and it is critical to consider all in a “holistic” approach rather than a single endpoint. Generalized pairwise comparisons (GPC) statistical method allows combined assessment, while accounting for testing multiplicity. (Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics)
Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics - March 14, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: C.M. Anderson, S. Salvaggio, M. De Backer, J.C. Chiem, G.V. Walker, D. Saunders, C.M. Lee, N.E. Dunlap, E. Kennedy, B. Schoen, R. Beardsley, M. Buyse Tags: 226 Source Type: research

Comprehensive Genomic Characterization of Thyroid Cancers: Real-world Implementation and Impact on Clinical Decisions
With the introduction of targeted therapeutic options for advanced thyroid cancer, molecular characterization has become an important clinical tool for decision making. This is a real-world study to evaluate how next-generation sequencing (NGS) informs treatment decisions and clinical outcomes in advanced thyroid cancer. (Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics)
Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics - March 14, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: F.T.H. Wu, S. Yip, F. Usman, S.Y. Sabag, C. Hughesman, T. Ng, D. Alex, K.E. Khoo, N.A. Bosma, J.J. Laskin, H.J. Lim, S. Chia, J. Ko-Leong, S. Pollard, D. Weymann, P. DeMarco, D.A. Regier, N. Chau, C. Ho Tags: 227 Source Type: research

Integrative Single-Cell RNA-Seq, Single Cell ATAC-Seq, and Spatial RNA-Seq Analysis of Heterogeneity in HPV-Related Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
This study aimed to better characterize the single cell molecular heterogeneity within HPV-positive HNSCC. (Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics)
Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics - March 14, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: P. Dalal, E. Gensterblum-Miller, W. Gu, A. Bhangale, C. Brummel, R. Mills, C. Brenner Tags: 228 Source Type: research

Tumor Mutational Burden Predicts Survival in Merkel Cell Carcinoma
In Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), clinical factors, including advanced age and immunosuppression, are variably prognostic and poorly predictive of treatment response. There is a clear need for robust genetic markers of aggressive disease to inform treatment selection and prognostication. In a cohort of 54 MCC patients, we assessed the impact of tumor mutational burden (TMB), single nucleotide (SNV) and copy number variations (CNV), and Merkel Cell Polyomavirus (MCPyV) integration on MCC-specific survival outcomes. (Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics)
Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics - March 14, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: J.D. Smith, A. Bhangale, W. Gu, E. Gensterblum-Miller, C. Brummel, M.E. Spector, R. Mills, C. Brenner Tags: 229 Source Type: research

Characterization of Oral Cavity Microbiome in Patients with OCSCC
Known risk factors for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) include history of tobacco and/or alcohol use, and persistent HPV infection. Some individuals develop HNSCC without any known risk factors, suggestive of another source contributing to these malignancies. One hypothesis involves the microbiome of these patients, which may contribute to the development and progression OCSCC through metabolic, inflammatory, and/or immune-modulating effects. The oral cavity has a unique microbiota made up of approximately 700+ known microbial species. (Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics)
Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics - March 14, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: A. Powers, D.R. Dickstein, I. Mogno, J. Barlow, S. Chen, M. Teng, D. Kirke, S. Roof, N. Rodriguez, S. Chennareddy, E. Genden, R.L. Bakst Tags: 230 Source Type: research

Clinical Utility of Pre-Treatment and Surveillance Circulating Tumor Tissue Modified Viral HPV DNA to Detect Recurrence in a Community Based HN Cancer Program
Circulating tumor tissue modified viral (TTMV)-HPV DNA is a tool to aid in the diagnosis and surveillance of patients with HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). Our site was one of the early adopters of the use of TTMV-HPV DNA in a community-based hospital setting, with most of our patients receiving pre- and post-treatment testing. (Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics)
Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics - March 14, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: O. Russial, A. Raben, S. Shah, N. Hockstein, S. Park, L. Clements, J. Cormier Tags: 231 Source Type: research

Tumor Genomics and the Association with Survival in Recurrent/metastatic Head and Neck Cancer Patients
Recent research has categorized the genetic make-up of head and neck squamous cell cancers (HNSCC) at initial presentation. However, despite advances in treatment, up to 50% of patients develop a recurrent/metastatic (R/M) disease, with a significant decline in survival at that time. Here, we aim to analyze the genetic composition of patients with R/M HNSCC to establish the most frequent alterations in this population and determine if there are associations with survival. (Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics)
Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics - March 14, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: D. Arons, A. Loginov, E. Allor, H. Thomas, D. Gaykalova, R. Mehra Tags: 232 Source Type: research

A Novel Immunocompetent Preclinical Mouse Model to Uncover Oncogenic Initiators of Head and Neck Cancer
Mouse models of HNC have played an essential role in elucidating mechanisms driving tumor development and progression. However, the generation of new mouse models are extremely costly, laborious and time consuming, and are limited to the study of a few, and often “popular,” gene targets that do not fully recapitulate the intertumoral heterogeneity of HNCs. Using a novel preclinical model developed in our lab that involves the in vivo introduction of human-relevant HNC mutations by CRISPR-mediated gene editing, we aim to functionally interrogate and revea l molecular pathways and mechanisms driving tumor initiation and ...
Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics - March 14, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: H. Kletzien, N.A. Nguyen, D.J. Anderson, A.J. Wagers Tags: 233 Source Type: research

Altered Oral Bacteria Abundance Associated with Disease Specific Survival in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
The oral microbiome is altered in the presence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). It is unknown if clinical outcomes, such as disease specific survival (DSS), are associated with differences in the abundance of select bacterial genera. The aim of this study is to determine if there are microbiome differences based on DSS in OSCC using The Cancer Microbiome Atlas (TCMA) and an in-tandem analysis of a prospectively collected database. (Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics)
Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics - March 14, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: D.H. Sheehan, N.D. Knight, J.J. Patel, P.A. Molina, N. Yi, B. Panuganti, C.M. Thomas Tags: 234 Source Type: research