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Bedaquiline in the multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment: Belarus experience
Conclusion Our interim results on safety and effectiveness of bedaquiline-containing regimens in multidrug and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (M/XDR-TB) patients are encouraging. They will add value to understanding role and place of this new anti-TB drug in M/XDR-TB treatment. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - November 22, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Yield of mycobacteriological study in diagnosis of pleural tuberculosis among Human immune deficiency virus-infected patients
Conclusion The diagnostic yield of mycobacteriological studies is higher among HIV-infected patients with pleural TB than among HIV-negative patients. This may decrease the need for pleural biopsy among them. Therefore, a diagnostic approach to pleural TB may be different among HIV-infected patients. In this group of patients, it is prudent to perform sputum and pleural analysis for the detection of AFB before pleural biopsy. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - November 19, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Emotional distress patients with several types of tuberculosis. A pilot study with patients from the Sanatorium Hospital of Huambo
Conclusions Our study found high rates of anxiety, depression and emotional distress among TB patients. Marital status, gender, type and treatment of TB were related to higher levels of emotional disorder. Mental health services should be an integral part of programs against tuberculosis. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - November 19, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Murine model of TB meningitis
Conclusion Our findings demonstrated the design of a novel murine model of CNS-TB using a C3 strain and that replicated events of EPTB dissemination. This model will promote efforts to understand the pathogenesis CNS-TB infection for development of improved therapeutic interventions in the future. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - November 19, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis among females in South Asia —gap analysis
We report significant gaps in the surveillance of EPTB among women in South Asia, emphasizing the need for greater focus on EPTB in females to overcome current surveillance and knowledge gaps. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - November 15, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Comparative proteomic analysis of sequential isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis sensitive and resistant Beijing type from a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis
Conclusions This proteomic study provides an understanding about the proteins that are over-expressed during the development of drug resistance. These over-expressed proteins, identified here, could prove useful as vaccine candidate, immunodiagnostic and possibly drug-resistant or chemotherapeutic markers in future. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - November 15, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Development of the food supplement Nyaditum resae as a new tool to reduce the risk of tuberculosis development
Publication date: Available online 14 November 2016 Source:International Journal of Mycobacteriology Author(s): Nestani Tukvadze, Paula Cardona, Sergo Vashakidze, Natalia Shubladze, Zaza Avaliani, Cris Vilaplana, Pere-Joan Cardona Nyaditum resae (NR) is a galenic preparation of heat-killed Mycobacterium manresensis (hkMn). This is a new species that belongs to the Mycobacterium fortuitum complex, and it is present in drinking water—thus, regulatorily speaking, it is considered a food supplement. Preclinical studies in the murine model of active tuberculosis (TB) in the C3HeB/FeJ strain have demonstrated that dai...
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - November 14, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Identification of different subtypes of rapid growing Atypical Mycobacterium from water and soil sources: Using PCR-RFLP using hsp65 and rRNA 16s –23s genes
Conclusion Our results showed M. fortuitum as the most prominent strain isolated from environmental samples. The frequency was similar in different places, irrespective of climatic variations. Availability of various subtypes of M. fortuitum might indicate a large circulation of this RGM in soil and water of Iranian territory. This high prevalence of M. fortuitum might raise the risk infection, especially in children, immunocompromised patients, diabetics, and cancer cases. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - November 14, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Uric acid levels in patients on antituberculosis drugs in the Southwest region of Cameroon
Conclusion Hyperuricemia is associated with ATDs, with treatment duration being a significant factor. The disorder should be closely monitored, especially during the intensive phase of treatment. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - November 14, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Host-directed therapies for multidrug resistant tuberculosis
Publication date: Available online 14 November 2016 Source:International Journal of Mycobacteriology Author(s): Alimuddin Zumla, Markus Maeurer Tuberculosis (TB) causes 1.3 million deaths annually. There are 0.5 million cases of multidrug resistant TB (MDR-TB) and the number of cases is rising globally. The current status quo of the lengthy treatment duration and poor treatment outcomes associated with MDR/extensively drug-resistant TB, and those with comorbidity of TB with human immunodeficiency virus and noncommunicable diseases in sub-Saharan Africa is unacceptable. The TB drug pipeline remains sparse. New innovatio...
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - November 14, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Reaching consensus on drug resistance conferring mutations
Publication date: Available online 15 November 2016 Source:International Journal of Mycobacteriology Author(s): D.M. Cirillo, P. Miotto, E. Tagliani Molecular-based, rapid drug-susceptibility tests are needed to guide the appropriate use of new drugs and new therapeutic regimens at the programmatic level, and to prevent a further increase in the incidence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB). Experts have recognized the need for a global, curated, and standardized analysis and data-sharing platform that provides a one-stop data source for clinically relevant genotypic and phenotypic information on Mycobacterium tubercu...
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - November 14, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Assessment of diabetes among tuberculosis patients presenting at a tertiary care facility in Pakistan
Conclusion This study identified 11.4% diabetics among TB patients presenting to a tertiary care facility. Despite the high diabetes incidence in Pakistan, 71% of the diabetics in the group studied did not know their status. Given the negative impact of diabetes on treatment outcomes of TB, it is important that screening for diabetes be included as initial workup for TB patients. Identification and management of diabetes would result in improved outcomes for TB treatment. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - November 11, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

New options in Tuberculosis Care: Visions for the future are crucial for controlling the disease
Publication date: Available online 12 November 2016 Source:International Journal of Mycobacteriology Author(s): Malin Ridell New scientific approaches are necessary The current strategies for controlling tuberculosis (TB) are not sufficient. Improved prophylactic and diagnostic tools are imperative, being crucial for decreasing TB incidence and mortality and for preventing outbreaks. Furthermore, new and better drugs are badly needed, particularly considering the increase in cases with multidrug-resistant strains. The current TB vaccine—the Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccine—has a preventive impact on disseminated ...
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - November 11, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Molecular characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains resistant to isoniazid
Conclusion In terms of this study, we characterized the mutations involved in resistance to isoniazid. katG S315T was by far the most frequent mutation, followed by C-15T. The frequency of these mutations was concordant with those reported in literature including those in intermediate tuberculosis endemic countries. (Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology)
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - November 11, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Personalized information system for the control of tuberculosis in resource-limited settings: A simplistic proposal approach
Publication date: Available online 12 November 2016 Source:International Journal of Mycobacteriology Author(s): Benjamin D. Thumamo Pokam, Prisca W. Guemdjom Passive case finding remains the mainstay of tuberculosis (TB) control in several resource-limited countries. Although TB prevalence and mortality rates have declined in recent years, an estimated 3 million cases a year still go undetected and/or unreported, and delays in the diagnosis and treatment of TB continue to be widespread. It has been shown that identifying and treating individuals with latent TB infection (LTBI) prevents progression to active TB disease ...
Source: International Journal of Mycobacteriology - November 11, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research