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Bariatric surgery and risk of alcohol use disorder: a register-based cohort study
ConclusionsPatients undergoing bariatric surgery have a higher risk of developing AUD compared with individuals without bariatric surgery. The higher risk observed in this group of patients cannot be explained by differences in baseline characteristics such as socioeconomic factors. Despite the higher risk of AUD, only few individuals developed AUD. Individuals with disabling obesity should therefore not rule out surgery based on these results but rather be aware of negative implications. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: International Journal of Epidemiology - October 21, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Long-term exposure to moderate fine particulate matter concentrations and cause-specific mortality in an ageing society
ConclusionsLong-term exposure to moderately high levels of PM2.5 was associated with increased mortality risk among the elderly. Thus, PM2.5 reduction in response to the projected ageing-associated mortality in South Korea is critical. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: International Journal of Epidemiology - October 20, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Cohort profile: The provincial substance use disorder cohort in British Columbia, Canada
(Source: International Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: International Journal of Epidemiology - October 18, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Data Resource Profile: The Opioid Agonist Treatment and Safety (OATS) Study, New South Wales, Australia
(Source: International Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: International Journal of Epidemiology - October 16, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Factors associated with participation over time in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children: a study using linked education and primary care data
ConclusionsA range of health-related and educational factors are associated with ongoing participation in ALSPAC; this is likely to be the case in other cohort studies. Researchers need to be aware of this when planning their analysis. Cohort studies can use linkage to routine data to explore predictors of ongoing participation and conduct sensitivity analyses to assess potential bias. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: International Journal of Epidemiology - October 15, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Excess mortality during the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy: a two-stage interrupted time-series analysis
ConclusionThis study offers a detailed picture of excess mortality during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. The strong geographical and temporal patterns can be related to the implementation of lockdown policies and multiple direct and indirect pathways in mortality risk. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: International Journal of Epidemiology - October 14, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Cohort Profile Update: Southall and Brent Revisited (SABRE) study: a UK population-based comparison of cardiovascular disease and diabetes in people of European, South Asian and African Caribbean heritage
(Source: International Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: International Journal of Epidemiology - October 13, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Cohort Profile: S ão Paulo Western Region Birth Cohort (ROC)
(Source: International Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: International Journal of Epidemiology - October 13, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Proportional multistate lifetable modelling of preventive interventions: concepts, code and worked examples
AbstractBurden of Disease studies —such as the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study—quantify health loss in disability-adjusted life-years. However, these studies stop short of quantifying the future impact of interventions that shift risk factor distributions, allowing for trends and time lags. This methodology paper explains h ow proportional multistate lifetable (PMSLT) modelling quantifies intervention impacts, using comparisons between three tobacco control case studies [eradication of tobacco, tobacco-free generation i.e. the age at which tobacco can be legally purchased is lifted by 1 year of age for each calend...
Source: International Journal of Epidemiology - October 10, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Assessing the effectiveness of vehicle emission regulations on improving perinatal health: a population-based accountability study
ConclusionsInfant health risks associated with maternal residence near highways have reduced over time, paralleling regulatory measures to improve exhaust pipe emissions. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: International Journal of Epidemiology - October 9, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Commentary: Mendelian randomization and education –Challenges remain
(Source: International Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: International Journal of Epidemiology - October 8, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Do children ’s expectations about future physical activity predict their physical activity in adulthood?
ConclusionsThis study offers a novel approach for analysing large qualitative datasets to assess identity and behaviours. Findings suggest that at as young as 11  years old, the way a young person conceptualizes activity as part of their identity has a lasting association with behaviour. Still, an active identity may require a supportive sociocultural context to manifest in subsequent behaviour. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: International Journal of Epidemiology - October 4, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Inequality of opportunities in health and death: an investigation from birth to middle age in Great Britain
ConclusionsThere is increasing inequality of opportunities in health over the lifespan in Great Britain. The tag of social background intensifies as individuals get older. Finally, there is added analytical value to combining mortality with self-assessed health when measuring health inequalities. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology)
Source: International Journal of Epidemiology - October 4, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research