International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Unexpected mechanisms of resistance in Dutch Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates collected during 14 years of surveillance
The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) has published several reports expressing their concern regarding the ‘ESKAPE’ pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii–calcoaceticus complex, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter spp.), which cause the majority of nosocomial hospital infections in the USA and which are able to ‘escape’ antibio tic treatment owing to intrinsic and acquired antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. The therapeutic options for treating infections caused by these micro-organisms are currently limited [1]. (Source: Internation...
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - May 14, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: P.D. Croughs, C.H.W. Klaassen, J. van Rosmalen, D.M. Maghdid, S.A. Boers, J.P. Hays, W.H.F. Goessens, Dutch Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance Group Source Type: research

Safe, high-throughput screening of natural compounds of MERS-CoV entry inhibitors using a pseudovirus expressing MERS-CoV spike protein
Sir, (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - May 14, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ji Yeun Kim, Young Il Kim, So Jung Park, In Ki Kim, Young Ki Choi, Sung-Han Kim Source Type: research

Unexpected mechanisms of resistance in Dutch Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates collected during fourteen years of surveillance
The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) has published several reports expressing their concern regarding the ESKAPE pathogens Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumanii calcoaceticus complex, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species, which cause the majority of nosocomial hospital infections in the USA and which are able to “escape” antibiotic treatment due to intrinsic and acquired antibiotic resistance mechanisms. The therapeutic options for treating infections caused by these microorganisms are currently limited [1]. (Source: International Journal of ...
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - May 14, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: P.D. Croughs, C.H.W. Klaassen, J. van Rosmalen, D.M. Maghdid, S.A. Boers, J.P. Hays, W.H.F. Goessens, On behalf of the Dutch Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance Group Source Type: research

Evaluation of a risk-guided strategy for empirical carbapenem use in febrile neutropenia
Fever during a neutropenic episode in patients receiving chemotherapy or immunosuppressive therapy is a medical emergency requiring prompt administration of empirical antimicrobial therapy. Existing guidelines for the management of febrile neutropenia (FN), such as those by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), recommend that high-risk patients are hospitalised and are treated with intravenous antibiotics. Monotherapy is now preferred over combination antimicrobial therapy [1]. Piperacillin/tazobactam (TZP), carbapenems [meropenem or imipenem/cilastatin (IPM/CS)] and antipseudomonal cephalosporins (e.g. (Sourc...
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - May 9, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ai Leng Khoo, Ying Jiao Zhao, Monica Teng, Ding Ying, Jing Jin, Yen Lin Chee, Li Mei Poon, Siew Eng Lim, Liang Piu Koh, Wee Joo Chng, Boon Peng Lim, Li Yang Hsu, Louis Yi Ann Chai Source Type: research

Unravelling mechanisms of nitrofurantoin resistance and epidemiological characteristics among Escherichia coli clinical isolates
Escherichia coli is one of the most common Gram-negative bacterial pathogens causing uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) and opportunistic infections in immunocompromised hosts both in hospital and community settings [1,2]. Recently, the rate of multidrug-resistant E. coli clinical isolates has shown an increasing trend, bringing greater attention and distress to clinicians and infectious diseases practitioners [3,4]. In addition, the lack of effective clinical treatments against multidrug-resistant E. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - May 9, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Xiaoxiao Zhang, Yizhi Zhang, Fang Wang, Chong Wang, Lijiang Chen, Haiyang Liu, Hong Lu, Hong Wen, Tieli Zhou Source Type: research

Infant colonisation with Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains co-harbouring blaOXA-48 and blaNDM-1 carbapenemases genes: a case report
We have recently identified a case of colonisation by multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in a 7-week-old male baby admitted to the Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione (IRCCS-ISMETT) (Palermo, Italy) for unrelated specialised treatment. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - May 9, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: F. Monaco, G. Di Mento, N. Cuscino, P.G. Conaldi, B. Douradinha Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Evaluation of a Risk-guided Strategy for Empiric Carbapenem Use in Febrile Neutropenia
Fever during a neutropenic episode in patients receiving chemotherapy or immunosuppressive therapy is a medical emergency requiring prompt administration of empiric antimicrobial therapy. Existing guidelines for management of febrile neutropenia like that of the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) recommends that high risk patients be hospitalised and treated with intravenous antibiotic. Monotherapy is now preferred over combination antibiotics [1]. Piperacillin-tazobactam, carbapenems (meropenem or imipenem-cilastatin), and antipseudomonal cephalosporins (e.g. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - May 9, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ai Leng Khoo, Ying Jiao Zhao, Monica Teng, Ding Ying, Jing Jin, Yen Lin Chee, Li Mei Poon, Siew Eng Lim, Liang Piu Koh, Wee Joo Chng, Boon Peng Lim, Li Yang Hsu, Louis Yi Ann Chai Source Type: research

Infant colonization with Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains coharboring blaOXA-48 and blaNDM-1 carbapenemases genes: a case report
We have recently identified a case of colonization by strains of multidrug resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in a 7 week-old male baby admitted at the Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad Alta Specializzazione (IRCCS-ISMETT) for unrelated specialized treatment. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - May 9, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: F. Monaco, G. Di Mento, N. Cuscino, B. Douradinha, P.G. Conaldi Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Prevention of ESKAPE pathogen biofilm formation by antimicrobial peptides WLBU2 and LL37
ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species), represent a group of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria that demonstrate the ability to escape antimicrobial treatments. These organisms are highly responsible for nosocomial and community-acquired infections, such as ventilator-associated pneumonia and S. aureus induced diabetic foot infection. Notably, P. aeruginosa contributes directly to the high mortality rate of cystic fibrosis (CF) chronic lung infections. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - May 9, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Qiao Lin, Berthony Deslouches, Ronald C. Montelaro, Y. Peter Di Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Unraveling the Mechanisms of Nitrofurantoin Resistance and Epidemiological Characteristics among Escherichia coli Clinical Isolates
Escherichia coli is one of the most common Gram-negative bacterial pathogens that cause uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) and opportunistic infections in immunodeficient hosts within both hospital and community settings [1-2]. Recently, the separation rate of multi-drug resistant E. coli clinical isolates shows an increasing trend and brings greater attention and distress to clinicians and infectious disease practitioners [3-4]. In addition, the lack of effective clinical treatments against multi-drug resistant E. (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - May 9, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Xiaoxiao Zhang, Yizhi Zhang, Fang Wang, Chong Wang, Lijiang Chen, Haiyang Liu, Hong Lu, Hong Wen, Tieli Zhou Source Type: research

Clonal dissemination of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae: Two distinct sub-lineages of Sequence Type 11 carrying blaKPC-2 and blaOXA-48
Since the first isolation of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in a North Carolina hospital (USA) in 1996 [1], the expanding distribution of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CR-Kp) has become a global threat to human health. The World Health Organization singled out CR-Kp as the leading priority area for research, drug development, and global surveillance in the coming years [2]. Because of CR-Kp ’s resistance to almost all available antibiotics, infections with CR-Kp significantly correlate to increased mortality rates, particularly among patients with prolonged hospitalization and those who are severely-...
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - May 9, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Min-Chi Lu, Hui-Ling Tang, Chien-Shun Chiou, Yao-Chen Wang, Ming-Ko Chiang, Yi-Chyi Lai Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Bacteriological relevance of linezolid vs. vancomycin in postoperative empirical treatment of osteoarticular infections: a retrospective single-center study
Staphylococci are the most frequent bacteria recovered and involved in osteoarticular infections (OAI) [1]. In the immediate postoperative period, before accurate and definitive bacteriological identification, the glycopeptide antibiotic vancomycin is widely used as a first-line empirical antibiotic treatment, usually in combination with piperacillin-tazobactam or a third-generation cephalosporin, to be active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria [2]. However, vancomycin use has several limitations, including venous toxicity requiring a central line, and a narrow therapeutic index necessitating close monit...
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - May 8, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: E. Takoudju, P. B émer, S. Touchais, N. Asseray, S. Corvec, L. Khatchatourian, N. Serandour, D. Boutoille, Nantes Bone and Joint Infections Study Group Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Continuous beta-lactam intravenous antibiotic infusions for outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy
Sir, (Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents)
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - May 8, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Hani HABAYEB, Clive GRUNDY, Jayakeerthi RANGAIAH, Sebastien VAN DE VELDE Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Evaluation of dried blood spot sampling for pharmacokinetic research and therapeutic drug monitoring of anti-tuberculosis drugs in children
With an annual incidence over nine million, tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading public health problems worldwide. In children, the total estimated incidence of tuberculosis in 2015 was about 1 million. Different factors are known to affect TB treatment outcome, including adherence to TB drugs, co-morbidity and drug resistance. In addition, variability in the pharmacokinetics (PK) of first line TB drugs is a major determinant of treatment outcome [1]. From adult studies it is known that low plasma concentrations of TB drugs are related to treatment failure and to acquired TB drug resistance [2 –6]. (Source: Internatio...
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - May 8, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Lisa C Martial, Jordy Kerkhoff, Nilza Martinez, Mabel Rodr íguez, Rosarito Coronel, Gladys Molinas, Myriam Roman, Roscio Gomez, Sarita Aguirre, Erwin Jongedijk, Justine Huisman, Daan J Touw, Domingo Pérez, Gilberto Chaparro, Felipe Gonzalez, Rob E Aarno Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Bacteriological relevance of linezolid versus vancomycin in postoperative empirical treatment of osteoarticular infections: a retrospective single-center study
Staphylococci remain the most frequent bacteria recovered and involved in osteoarticular infections [1]. Before the accurate and definitive bacteriological identification, vancomycin a glycopeptide antibiotic is widely used as a first-line empirical antibiotic treatment in the immediate postoperative period, usually in combination with piperacillin-tazobactam or a 3rd generation cephalosporin, to be active both on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria [2]. However, its use has several limitations - venous toxicity requiring a central line, narrow therapeutic index necessitating a close monitoring of serum concentrations...
Source: International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents - May 8, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: E. Takoudju, P. Bemer, S. Touchais, N. Asseray, S. Corvec, L. Khatchatourian, N. Serandour, D. Boutoille, Nantes Bone and Joint Infections Study Group Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research