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The efficacy and safety in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder of second-generation antipsychotics and other medications for hyperactivity in children and adolescents with autism: a meta-analysis
This study concentrated on two widely-used medications: the second generation of antipsychotics (SGAs) and ADHD medication, aiming to conduct a meta-analysis about their effect on hyperactivity, so it would offer some evidence for clinical medication choice. The Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched from inception to July 2019 for studies exploring the use of SGAs and ADHD medications in autistic children and adolescents. Double-blind, randomized controlled trials that reported hyperactivity as an outcome were included in the stud...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - April 2, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Resurrecting the discussion on neurotoxicity of lithium at therapeutic levels
Lithium is widely used in the treatment of bipolar disorder. Here we describe the syndrome of irreversible lithium-effectuated neurotoxicity in a patient within therapeutic doses and levels, which persisted after discontinuation of Lithium. A 50-year-old gentleman with Bipolar disorder presented with symptoms of Mania following drug default. Lithium was initiated as a mood stabilizer. On day 4, the patient developed abdominal pain, itching, and sore throat. On day 5, lithium levels were 0.9 mEq/L. Subsequently, the patient was noted to have slurring of speech, dysarthria, past pointing, and dysdiadochokinesis. Lithium was ...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - February 2, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Use of subcutaneous ketamine to rapidly improve severe treatment-resistant depression in a patient with Alzheimer’s disease
No abstract available (Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology)
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - February 2, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Benefit of long-acting paliperidone in Huntington’s disease: a case report
Through this brief report, we described our clinical considerations about the treatment of motor fluctuations and psychiatric comorbidities in Huntington’s disease, for example, aggressiveness and obsessive-compulsive disorders. Indeed, as classical treatment, for example, olanzapine and risperidone, were inefficient to improve motor disorders in our patient, we postulated that motor fluctuations could be influenced by the pharmacokinetic profile of oral risperidone. So, in line with recent practice in schizophrenia, we proposed empirically paliperidone 1-month long-acting injections hypothesized to improve motor fluctua...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - February 2, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Early administration of aripiprazole long-acting injectable in acute inpatients with schizophrenia: a clinical report
Fifty-one patients suffering an acute episode of schizophrenia and treated with aripiprazole long-acting injectable (ALAI) were chosen to elaborate an observational study in two in-patient units in Spain, in order to examine the effects of early administration during a hospital admission. When treatment with ALAI is administered in the first week of admission (in 31 patients, 60.78%), hospitalization time is significantly reduced, 12.1 days on average. It can be concluded that ALAI is an effective treatment for these patients. Analysis in economic terms and comparison with other LAI antipsychotics are interesting lines for...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - February 2, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Predictors of discontinuation and hospitalization during long-acting injectable antipsychotic treatment in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder
The aim of this study was to evaluate discontinuation and hospitalization rates in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder who were treated with long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics. We recorded clinical data about the period before the LAI treatment, when LAI treatment was initiated, and during the LAI treatment. Variables related to early ( (Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology)
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - February 2, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Longitudinal changes in antipsychotic dose in patients treated with long-acting injectable second-generation antipsychotics
Only a few studies have investigated changes in the dose of long-acting injectable second-generation antipsychotics (LAI-SGAs) over the long term in the maintenance treatment of schizophrenia. In this retrospective cohort study, we examined longitudinal changes in antipsychotic dose over a 3-year period in patients with schizophrenia who had been taking LAI-SGAs for at least 1 year. We compared the total daily chlorpromazine equivalent dose of antipsychotics at 12, 24 and 36 months with the baseline dose at 3 months after initiation of LAI-SGAs. We also performed multiple regression analysis to explore factors associ...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - February 2, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Efficacy of cariprazine in bipolar I depression across patient characteristics: a post hoc analysis of pooled randomized, placebo-controlled studies
Patients who experience bipolar depression have diverse demographic and clinical characteristics that have the potential to impact treatment. The efficacy of cariprazine in bipolar I depression was evaluated in patient subgroups defined by baseline demographic and clinical characteristics. Post hoc analyses of data from three randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials in bipolar I depression (NCT01396447, NCT02670538 and NCT02670551) evaluated mean change from baseline in Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) total scores for pooled cariprazine 1.5–3 mg/d versus placebo in subgroups defined by demog...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - February 2, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Body dysmorphic disorder: a treatment synthesis and consensus on behalf of the International College of Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders and the Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders Network of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology
Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is characterized by a preoccupation with a perceived appearance flaw or flaws that are not observable to others. BDD is associated with distress and impairment of functioning. Psychiatric comorbidities, including depression, social anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder are common and impact treatment. Treatment should encompass psychoeducation, particularly addressing the dangers associated with cosmetic procedures, and may require high doses of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors* (SSRI*) and protracted periods to establish full benefit. If there is an inadequate response to SSRIs, ...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - February 2, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Bilateral pedal edema associated with lurasidone: a case report
Lurasidone, an atypical antipsychotic, is currently approved for treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar depression. Little is known about whether lurasidone might also cause pedal edema. A 55-year-old female patient had been diagnosed with bipolar I disorder from the age of 26. She had been prescribed escitalopram and quetiapine 300 mg/day for her persistent depressive mood. Later, she took lurasidone plus escitalopram to treat depressive episode. Consequently, she developed mild bilateral swelling over the lower legs and ankles. After lurasidone was discontinued, the bilateral pedal edema was completely resolved, and no...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - November 26, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Managing dissociative symptoms following the use of esketamine nasal spray: a case report
We present the case of a 64-year-old woman with major depressive disorder who participated in a clinical trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of esketamine nasal spray in conjunction with an oral antidepressant for TRD. The patient received flexible doses of esketamine nasal spray (56 or 84 mg) twice weekly for 4 weeks. On treatment day 1, the patient was administered 56 mg of esketamine nasal spray using two nasal spray devices (28 mg per device). Twenty minutes after the first esketamine nasal spray device was administered, the patient experienced a dissociative episode lasting 40 minutes that caused anxiety and conf...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - November 26, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Beneficial effect of quetiapine monotherapy in patients with bipolar depression and comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder
We report the results of an open-label, short-term, prospective investigation of quetiapine monotherapy in 16 patients (three men and 13 women, aged 18–56 years) hospitalized for acute bipolar depression who in addition met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition criteria for OCD. The participants were treated with quetiapine in a dose range of 150–600 mg (mean 347 mg) for a mean duration of 4.3 ± 1.4 weeks (range 3–7 weeks). Eleven (68.8%) of the 16 study participants fulfilled the predefined criteria for response, namely a score of ‘very much improved’ (four patients)...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - November 26, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Creatine kinase levels in psychotic patients who use cannabinoids
We examined whether creatine kinase levels differ in psychotic cannabinoid users and the association between creatine kinase levels and clinical measures (duration of hospitalization and need for mechanical restraint). Computerized medical records of 124 men hospitalized due to acute psychotic episodes were reviewed. Creatine kinase levels and various clinical measures at admission were documented. Cannabis users were significantly younger than nonusers. Duration of illness was longer among nonusers. Log creatine kinase among cannabinoid users (N = 32) was numerically higher compared to nonusers (N = 92) (5.6 ± 1 vs. 5.2 ...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - November 26, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Cognitive impairment in patients diagnosed with tramadol dependence compared to healthy controls
Cognitive impairment is one of the consequences of substance use. We aimed to estimate the prevalence and correlates of cognitive impairment among patients with tramadol dependence in comparison with healthy controls. The sample consisted of 30 patients with tramadol dependence and 30 healthy controls. Cognitive functions were assessed using Benton Visual Retention Test- revised, Trail Making Test A and B and Wechsler Memory Scale. Patients were also subjected to the Structured Clinical Interview for diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders-fourth edition (DSM-IV) Axis I Disorder, the Structured Clinical Inter...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - November 26, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

The importance of monitoring renal function and concomitant medication to avoid toxicity in patients taking lithium
Lithium, which is used for bipolar disorder, can cause toxicity. There are two categories of lithium toxicity, namely, overdose-related and not overdose-related. However, the treatment and prognosis of each type of toxicity are not clearly understood. We, therefore, compared the clinical characteristics of patients with overdose-related and not overdose-related lithium toxicity. Relevant data were obtained from the medical records of 16 patients with lithium toxicity, and renal function and concomitant medications were retrospectively compared between the two groups. We also compared the treatment for, manifestations of, a...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - November 26, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research