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Adjunctive music improves the tolerability of intravenous ketamine for bipolar depression
Intravenous ketamine is an effective treatment of bipolar depression. One of its most important side-effects is a transient altered state of consciousness commonly referred to as dissociation. These states can be anxiety-provoking, distressing and even treatment-limiting, warranting research into mitigation strategies. In this article, we present two cases that demonstrate the potential of adjunctive music to diminish the distress associated with ketamine-induced dissociation – though not necessarily its degree – in bipolar 1 disorder. Both patients suffering from severe depression underwent their first ketamine infusi...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - June 3, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Case report: asenapine and anticholinergic toxicity
While antipsychotic medications have long been associated with anticholinergic effects, asenapine has been purported to have no capacity for muscarinic cholinergic antagonism based on in vitro studies. Research in rat brain tissue has yielded different results, with one study finding more cholinergic M1-5 binding in the medial prefrontal cortex, dorsolateral frontal cortex and hippocampal CA1 and CA3 areas than would be predicted from in vitro findings. Moreover, it is structurally similar to other anticholinergic antipsychotics such as loxapine and, to a lesser degree, quetiapine, olanzapine and clozapine. This case repor...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - June 3, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

The clinical intervention choice for pediatric tic disorder patients from a tertiary children’s hospital in China: a large-scale retrospective study based on electronic medical records
Pharmacological intervention played an important role in the management of tic disorder. Large-scale prescription data for pediatric tic disorder patients in the real-world setting were scarce. The demographic and prescription data of tic disorder were extracted from the electronic medical records database of Beijing Children’s Hospital from 2018 to 2020. The intervention choice for outpatient pediatric tic disorder patients was analyzed. A total of 20 417 patients were included, 28.1% (n = 5028) of them did not receive any pharmacological treatment. Over 70% were prescribed with anti-tic medication. For children less th...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - June 3, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Off-label use of second-generation antipsychotics in borderline personality disorder: a comparative real-world study among oral and long-acting injectables in Spain
In conclusion, the use of LAIs may play a role in the management of BPD. (Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology)
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - June 3, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Relation of medication adherence to cognitive functions in egyptian patients with bipolar I disorder
Nonadherence to medication regimens is frequently reported in bipolar I disorder (BDI) patients. However, little is known about the relationship between cognitive functions and adherence in BDI. To establish possible associations between medication adherence and cognitive function in patients with BDI. A total of 110 inpatients with BDI were subjected to the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorder, Morisky 8-Item Medication Adherence Scale, Young Mania Rating Scale, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised, Wechsler memory scale (WMS) and Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST). Patients were assessed on admis...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - June 3, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Clinical outcomes after clozapine discontinuation in responders versus nonresponders: a retrospective chart review
No studies have compared clinical outcomes after discontinuation of clozapine between patients who responded to clozapine and those who did not. Therefore, we examined 1-year clinical outcomes after clozapine discontinuation in responders and nonresponders. We reviewed data on patients who discontinued clozapine and retrospectively followed them for 1 year. Clinical information was collected from medical records starting at the initiation of clozapine administration, at discontinuation and at 1 year after discontinuation. In addition, clinical status was assessed using the Clinical Global Impression – Severity (CGI-S...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - June 3, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Predictors of long-acting injectable antipsychotic treatment discontinuation in outpatients with schizophrenia: relevance of the Drug Attitude Inventory-10
Given the importance of patients’ subjective experience and attitudes in the management of severe mental illness, the present study evaluated their potential role as predictors of future continuation of long-acting injectable antipsychotic maintenance treatment (LAI-AMT) in clinically stable outpatients with schizophrenia switching from an oral therapy. Retrospective data from 59 subjects receiving LAI-AMT for at least 6 months were collected. Patients who continued LAI treatment (n = 32) were compared to those who discontinued it (n = 27), assessing baseline socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, psyc...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - June 3, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Atypical antipsychotics in the treatment of psychotic symptoms in Alzheimer’s disease: a systematic review
With the advancement of Alzheimer’s disease as well as other types of dementia, in addition to the cognitive decline, psychiatric symptoms have been outlined, including psychotic symptoms. The aim of the study is to review the available results on the antipsychotic treatment of Alzheimer’s disease associated psychotic symptoms. The main objective of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of the treatment. The second objective is to assess the tolerability of this treatment. Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials, which took place over the course of at least 4 weeks, have been searched. Studies that compar...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - June 3, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Prevalence and predictors of laxatives use in clozapine-related constipation: an observational study
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of constipation and the breakdown of laxatives, and to identify whether use of laxative may be predicted by demographics or baseline metabolic markers in 53 Japanese treatment-resistant schizophrenia inpatients switched to clozapine. Differences of present age, onset age and duration of illness, previous antipsychotic dose using the chlorpromazine equivalent, and 10-items of metabolic markers, including fasting plasma glucose and ratio of triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were compared between the laxative and nonlaxative user groups. Sequential chang...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - April 2, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

The effectiveness and safety of cariprazine in schizophrenia patients with negative symptoms and insufficient effectiveness of previous antipsychotic therapy: an observational study
The aim of the study was to examine the effectiveness and safety of cariprazine in routine psychiatric settings on schizophrenia patients with negative symptoms who have been treated with antipsychotics previously but without sufficient success. This was an open-label, flexible-dose, 16-week, observational study in Latvia. The primary outcome measure was an array of anamnesis-based clinical questions on schizophrenia symptoms rated on a seven-point scale. Other outcome measurements were the clinical global impression improvement (CGI-I) and severity (CGI-S) scales. Safety parameters included spontaneous reports of adverse ...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - April 2, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Paradoxical effect of statin medication on depressive disorder in first-ever ischemic stroke patients: possible antidepressant-like effect prestroke and the opposite in continuous medication poststroke
Poststroke depression (PSD) is the most frequent complication after stroke. Statin is a widely used prophylactic for stroke. However, some researchers reported that poststroke statin may lead to a depressive change in stroke patients. We aimed to study the effect of different statin medication timing especially prestroke timing on PSD to adopt appropriate intervention around stroke. Patients with first-ever ischemic stroke were consecutively observed from January 2012 to June 2017. They were grouped by different initiation time of statin treatment. The follow-up endpoints were set to: (1) diagnosis of PSD within 1-year and...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - April 2, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Efficacy and safety of pentoxifylline combination therapy in major depressive disorder: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, we assessed the efficacy and safety of pentoxifylline combination therapy with sertraline in treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). A total of 56 patients with MDD were assigned into two parallel groups to receive sertraline (100 mg/day) plus placebo or sertraline (100 mg/day) plus pentoxifylline (400 mg three times daily) for six weeks. Patients were evaluated with the Hamilton rating scale for depression (HAM-D) at baseline and weeks 2, 4 and 6. The sertraline plus pentoxifylline group demonstrated greater improvement in HAM-D scores from baselin...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - April 2, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

The efficacy of escitalopram in major depressive disorder: a multicenter randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind study
The aim of the study was to conduct a multicenter randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of a generic form of escitalopram in treating major depressive disorder (MDD). A total of 390 MDD patients admitted to hospitals in six cities in China were randomized to receive the generic version of escitalopram, the proprietary form of escitalopram (Lexapro) or placebo. During the 8-week treatment, the Hamilton rating scale for depression-17 (HAM-D17), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Clinical Global Impressions scale (CGI), curre...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - April 2, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Effects of celecoxib augmentation of antidepressant or anxiolytic treatment on affective symptoms and inflammatory markers in patients with anxiety disorders: exploratory study
Prolonged stress has been associated with elevated levels of circulating proinflammatory cytokines. Cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors such as celecoxib exert anti-inflammatory effects and may enhance the response to antidepressant drug treatment in patients with depressive disorders, but their effect on anxiety symptoms in patients with anxiety disorders is uncertain. Patients with a primary diagnosis of an anxiety disorder, with stabilised symptoms, underwent either 6 weeks of celecoxib augmentation of continued treatment (n = 18) or continued ‘treatment as usual’ (n = 9). Assessments included the Warwick–Edinburgh menta...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - April 2, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Dasotraline in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a placebo-controlled, fixed-dose trial
In a previous study, dasotraline demonstrated efficacy at a dose of 8 mg/day in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The aim of the current study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dasotraline in doses of 4 and 6 mg/day. Adults meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition criteria for ADHD were randomized to 8 weeks of double-blind, once-daily, fixed-dose treatment with dasotraline 4 mg/day, 6 mg/day, or placebo. The primary efficacy endpoint was changed in the ADHD Rating Scale, Version IV (ADHD RS-IV) total score. Secondary efficacy endpoints included ...
Source: International Clinical Psychopharmacology - April 2, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research