The impact of mass drug administration of antibiotics on the gut microbiota of target populations
AbstractAntibiotics have become a mainstay of healthcare in the past century due to their activity against pathogens. This manuscript reviews the impact of antibiotic use on the intestinal microbiota in the context of mass drug administration (MDA). The importance of the gut microbiota to human metabolism and physiology is now well established, and antibiotic exposure may impact host health via collateral effects on the microbiota and its functions. To gain further insight into how gut microbiota respond to antibiotic perturbation and the implications for public health, factors that influence the impact of antibiotic expos...
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - June 30, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Mass drug administration of antibacterials: weighing the evidence regarding benefits and risks
ConclusionsEvidence shows that MDA-azithromycin programs may be beneficial for reducing trachoma, yaws, and mortality in children < 5 years of age in certain under-resourced settings. However, there are significant potential risks that need to be considered when deciding how, when, and where to implement these programs. Robust systems to monitor benefits as well as adverse effects and antibacterial resistance are warranted i n communities where MDA-azithromycin programs are implemented.Graphical Abstract (Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty)
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - June 30, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Environmental impacts of mass drug administration programs: exposures, risks, and mitigation of antimicrobial resistance
AbstractMass drug administration (MDA) of antimicrobials has shown promise in the reduction and potential elimination of a variety of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). However, with antimicrobial resistance (AMR) becoming a global crisis, the risks posed by widespread antimicrobial use need to be evaluated. As the role of the environment in AMR emergence and dissemination has become increasingly recognized, it is likewise crucial to establish the role of MDA in environmental AMR pollution, along with the potential impacts of such pollution. This review presents the current state of knowledge on the antimicrobial compound...
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - June 30, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Epidemiological and virological surveillance of influenza viruses in China during 2020 –2021
ConclusionsInfluenza activity increased in the mainland of China in 2021, and caused flu season in the winter of 2021 –2022. Although the diversity of influenza (sub)type decreases, B/Victoria lineage viruses show increased genetic and antigenic diversity. The world needs to be fully prepared for the co-epidemic of influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus globally. (Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty)
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - June 29, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Burden and factors associated with schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminth infections among school-age children in Huambo, Uige and Zaire provinces, Angola
ConclusionsMost municipalities met World Health Organization defined prevalence thresholds for a schistosomiasis preventive chemotherapy program. A STH preventive chemotherapy program is indicated for nearly all municipalities in Uige and select municipalities in Huambo and Zaire. The association between ecological zone and ethnicity with schistosomiasis and STH infection necessitates further evaluation of home and school environmental, sociodemographic and behavioural factors to inform targeted control strategies to complement preventive chemotherapy programs. (Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty)
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - June 25, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Compartmental structures used in modeling COVID-19: a scoping review
ConclusionThere has been a great deal of models to understand the spread of COVID-19, and to help prevention and control strategies. Researchers build compartments according to actual situation, research objectives and complexity of models used. As the COVID-19 epidemic remains uncertain and poses a major challenge to humans, researchers still need dynamic models as the main tool to predict dynamics, evaluate intervention effects, and provide scientific evidence for the development of prevention and control strategies. The compartmental structures reviewed in this study provide guidance for future modeling for COVID-19, an...
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - June 21, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Defensins as a promising class of tick antimicrobial peptides: a scoping review
ConclusionsDue to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities, tick defensins are considered novel candidates or targets for controlling infectious diseases.Graphical Abstract (Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty)
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - June 20, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Molecular evidence on the presence of Schistosoma japonicum infection in snails along the Yangtze River, 2015 –2019
ConclusionsThe results suggest thatS. japonicum infection still persisted in nature along the Yangtze River and traditional techniques might underestimate the prevalence of schistosomiasis in its intermediate hosts. Exploring and integrating molecular techniques into national surveillance programme could improve the sensitivity of surveillance system and provide guidance on taking actions against schistosomiasis.Graphical Abstract (Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty)
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - June 18, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Patterns of human social contact and mask wearing in high-risk groups in China
ConclusionsContact screening efforts should be concentrated in the home, school, and workplace after an outbreak of an epidemic, as more than 75% of all contacts, on average, will be found in such places. Efforts should be made to improve the mask-wearing rate and age-specific health promotion measures aimed at reducing transmission for the younger demographic. Age-stratified and occupation-specific social contact research in high-risk groups could help inform policy-making decisions during the post-relaxation period of the COVID-19 pandemic.Graphical Abstract (Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty)
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - June 18, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Cost-effectiveness analysis of the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV
ConclusionsPMTCT of HIV in Liangshan Prefecture was very cost-effective. It was a great economic burden of PMTCT on HIV-positive pregnant women and their families to take individual expenses. Therefore, it could be suggested that individual expenses should be covered as much as possible by different types of financing. (Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty)
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - June 15, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Comprehensive strategies and measures to control COVID-19
(Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty)
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - June 11, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Effectiveness of a home-environmental intervention package and an early child development intervention on child health and development in high-altitude rural communities in the Peruvian Andes: a cluster-randomised controlled trial
ConclusionsChild stimulation improved developmental status in children, but there was no health benefit associated with the home-environmental intervention. Limited year-round access to running water at home and the possible contamination of drinking water after boiling were two potential factors linked to the lack of effect of the home-environmental intervention. Potential interactions between ECD and home-environmental interventions need to be further investigated.Trial registration: ISRCTN, ISRCTN-26548981. Registered 15 January 2018 —Retrospectively registered,https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN26548981.Graphical abstract...
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - June 6, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Correction to: High infection rates for onchocerciasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis in children under five not receiving preventive chemotherapy: a bottleneck to elimination
(Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty)
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - June 6, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Role of international network on surveillance and response system leading to malaria elimination: China ’s engagement in global health
In this study, the roles of international network on the surveillance and response system were explored to achieve a global malaria-free goal. China’s approach to malaria elimination has demonstrated significance of global col laboration on taking joint prevention and control, and building a worldwide institutional-based network. (Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty)
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - June 4, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Key immunity characteristics of diverse stages of brucellosis in rural population from Inner Mongolia, China
ConclusionsTwo key factors (CD8+ T cells and TLR4) in human immune profiles may closely correlate with the progression of brucellosis. The detailed function of TLR4 in the context of a greater number of cell types or tissues in human or animal brucellosis and in larger samples should be further explored in the future.Graphical Abstract (Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty)
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - June 4, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
