Assessing the mechanism of citywide test-trace-isolate Zero-COVID policy and exit strategy of COVID-19 pandemic
ConclusionsThe CTTI policy shows the capacity for the eradication of the Delta outbreaks and also the Omicron outbreaks. Nonetheless, the implementation of radical CTTI is challenging, which requires routine monitoring for early detection, adequate testing capacity, efficient contact tracing, and high isolation compliance, which constrain its benefits in regions with limited resources. Moreover, these challenges become even more acute in the face of more contagious variants with a high proportion of asymptomatic cases. Hence, in regions where CTTI is not possible, personal protection, public health control measures, and va...
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - October 4, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Empowering local research ethics review of antibacterial mass administration research
ConclusionsREC/IRB review of research using MDA of antibiotics plays a critical role in assuring the ethical conduct of MDA studies. Local RECs/IRBs should be empowered to review MDA studies comprehensively and competently in order to advance scientific knowledge about MDA and promote improved global health. (Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty)
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - September 28, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Determinants of Schistosoma mansoni transmission in hotspots at the late stage of elimination in Egypt
ConclusionsThe persistence of the infection is due to adoption of risky behaviors and environmental factors that enhance snail survival and infection. Schistosomiasis elimination in hotspots requires an integrated control approach that combines preventive chemotherapy with other complementary measures. (Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty)
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - September 23, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Interventions pathways to reduce tuberculosis-related stigma: a literature review and conceptual framework
ConclusionsInterpretation of the limited evidence on interventions to reduce TB-stigma is hampered by the heterogeneity of stigma measurement tools, intervention design, and outcome measures. Our novel conceptual framework will support mapping of the pathways to impacts of TB-stigma reduction interventions.Graphical Abstract (Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty)
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - September 23, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Correction: Global antimicrobial resistance: a system-wide comprehensive investigation using the Global One Health Index
(Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty)
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - September 22, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Ethical challenges in mass drug administration for reducing childhood mortality: a qualitative study
ConclusionsEthical challenges raised by MDA of antibiotics for childhood mortality —which span socio-cultural issues, the environment, and effects on future generations—require consideration beyond traditional clinical trial review. The appropriate role of MDA also requires attention to concerns over ethical double standards and power dynamics in global health that affect how we view antibiotic use in HICs versus LMICs. Our findings suggest the need to develop additional, comprehensive guidance on managing ethical challenges in MDA.Graphical Abstract (Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty)
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - September 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Dynamic antimicrobial resistant patterns of Escherichia coli from healthy poultry and swine over 10 years in Chongming Island, Shanghai
ConclusionsOur study uncovered vastly distinct AMR patterns and dynamic tendencies of poultry and swineE. coli isolates from Chongming. Meanwhile, Chongming ’s AMR status has ameliorated, as indicated by the decline in antimicrobials prevalence (particularly in swine), lower likelihood of MDR emergence and low carbapenem-, cephalosporin-, and polymyxin resistance. Importantly, this surveillance results are the vital basis for future policy development in Chongming and Shanghai.Graphical Abstract (Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty)
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - September 16, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Global proteomic profiling of multiple organs of cats (Felis catus) and proteome-transcriptome correlation during acute Toxoplasma gondii infection
ConclusionsThe present study identified 2556 DEPs in six cat tissues on day 7 after infection byT. gondii PRU strain, and functional enrichment analyses showed that these DEPs were associated with various cellular and metabolic processes. These findings provide a solid base for further in-depth investigation of the complex proteotranscriptomic reprogramming that mediates the dynamic interplays betweenT. gondii and the different feline tissues. (Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty)
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - September 14, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

An innovative three-layer strategy in response to a quartan malaria outbreak among forest goers in Hainan Island, China: a retrospective study
ConclusionsTLS was effective in blocking the outbreak byP.malariae among forest goers in Hainan in malaria elimination stage. However, whether it could prevent the malaria resurgence in the post-elimination phase needs to be further assessed.Graphical Abstract (Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty)
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - September 14, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Optimization of COVID-19 prevention and control measures during the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics: a model-based study
ConclusionsComprehensive measures under certain scenarios such as reducing contact, nucleic acid testing, health monitoring, and timely tracking and isolation could effectively prevent virus transmission. Our research results provided an important reference for formulating prevention and control measures during the Winter Olympics, and no epidemic spread in the closed-loop during the games indirectly proved the rationality of our research results.Graphical Abstract (Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty)
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - September 6, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Occurrence of asymptomatic malaria infection and living conditions in the lowlands of Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study
ConclusionsAsymptomatic malaria infection was 4.3 times higher among occupants residing in dwellings built with traditional wall materials; 5.6 times higher among households spending nights with cattle in the same house, and 2.3 times higher among households with kitchen in the main house with no partition. Therefore, policies and strategies on malaria elimination need to address or target improvements of the above listed living conditions for the community. A multi sectoral action is required to use these social determinants as a vector control strategic addition; and malaria elimination programs are expected to coordinat...
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - September 5, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Transmission and mortality risk assessment of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in China: results from 11-years' study
ConclusionsThe SFTS clusters showed a high mortality rate and resulted in a high SAR. Contact with a bleeding corpse was associated with a higher infection risk, compared with contacting the blood from living patients. It is important to promote early detection and appropriate case management of patients with SFTS, as well as improved handling of their corpses, to prevent further transmission and mortality.Graphical abstract (Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty)
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - September 4, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Global antimicrobial resistance: a system-wide comprehensive investigation using the Global One Health Index
ConclusionsGOHI-AMR is the most comprehensive tool currently available for the assessment of AMR status worldwide. We discovered unique features impacting AMR in each country and offered precise recommendations to improve the capacity to tackle AMR in low-ranking countries.Graphical Abstract (Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty)
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - August 23, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

A relatively high zoonotic trematode prevalence in Orientogalba ollula and the developmental characteristics of isolated trematodes by experimental infection in the animal model
ConclusionsThis study revealed a high prevalence of zoonotic trematodes inO. ollula from Guangxi, China. Existing trematodes infection in animals and human clinical cases, coupled with the wide geographical distribution ofO. ollula, necessitate further evaluations of the potential risk of spillover of zoonotic infection from animal to human and vice versa.Graphical Abstract (Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty)
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - August 19, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Spatial distribution of insecticide resistant populations of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus and first detection of V410L mutation in Ae. aegypti from Cameroon
ConclusionsThis study revealed thatAe. aegypti andAe. albopictus are resistant to multiple insecticide classes with multiple resistance mechanisms implicated. These findings could guide insecticide use to control arbovirus vectors in Cameroon. (Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty)
Source: Infectious Diseases of Poverty - August 17, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research