Evaluating the Demand for Nucleic Acid Testing in Different Scenarios of COVID-19 Transmission: A Simulation Study
ConclusionsThe nucleic acid detection strategy proves effective in promptly identifying and isolating infected individuals, thereby mitigating the infection peak and extending the time to peak. In situations with constrained testing capacity, implementing more stringent measures can notably decrease the number of infections and alleviate resource demands. The improved SEIR model demonstrates proficiency in predicting both reported and unreported cases, offering valuable insights for future infection risk assessments. Rapid evaluations of testing requirements across diverse scenarios can aptly address resource limitations i...
Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy - March 18, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Best Practices for Identifying Hospitalized Lower Respiratory Tract Infections Using Administrative Data: A Systematic Literature Review of Validation Studies
ConclusionOur systematic review highlights that most ICD code-based algorithms are relatively specific, but miss a substantial number of hospitalized LRTI adult cases. Best practices to estimate LRTI incidence in this population include the use of all pneumonia ICD codes for any LRTI outcome and, to a lesser extent, those for other LRTI-related infections or respiratory diseases. (Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy)
Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy - March 18, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Estimation of Symptomatic Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Incidence in Adults in Multiple Countries: A Time-Series Model-Based Analysis Protocol
AbstractIntroductionEstimating respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) burden in adults is challenging because of non-specific symptoms, infrequent standard-of-care testing, resolution of viral shedding before seeking medical care, test positivity that varies by specimen site in the upper airway and lower diagnostic test sensitivity compared to children. Conducting prospective observational studies to assess RSV burden in adults is time- and resource-intensive. Thus, model-based approaches can be applied using existing data to obtain more accurate estimates of RSV burden. This protocol establishes essential elements for estimati...
Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy - March 18, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Comparative Effectiveness of mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccines Among Older Adults: Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis Using the GRADE Framework
ConclusionMeta-analysis of 24 observational studies demonstrated significantly lower risk of asymptomatic, symptomatic, and severe infections and hospitalizations with the mRNA-1273 versus BNT162b2 vaccine in older adults aged ≥ 50 years. (Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy)
Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy - March 18, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Evaluating the Demand for Nucleic Acid Testing in Different Scenarios of COVID-19 Transmission: A Simulation Study
ConclusionsThe nucleic acid detection strategy proves effective in promptly identifying and isolating infected individuals, thereby mitigating the infection peak and extending the time to peak. In situations with constrained testing capacity, implementing more stringent measures can notably decrease the number of infections and alleviate resource demands. The improved SEIR model demonstrates proficiency in predicting both reported and unreported cases, offering valuable insights for future infection risk assessments. Rapid evaluations of testing requirements across diverse scenarios can aptly address resource limitations i...
Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy - March 18, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Best Practices for Identifying Hospitalized Lower Respiratory Tract Infections Using Administrative Data: A Systematic Literature Review of Validation Studies
ConclusionOur systematic review highlights that most ICD code-based algorithms are relatively specific, but miss a substantial number of hospitalized LRTI adult cases. Best practices to estimate LRTI incidence in this population include the use of all pneumonia ICD codes for any LRTI outcome and, to a lesser extent, those for other LRTI-related infections or respiratory diseases. (Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy)
Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy - March 18, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Estimation of Symptomatic Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Incidence in Adults in Multiple Countries: A Time-Series Model-Based Analysis Protocol
AbstractIntroductionEstimating respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) burden in adults is challenging because of non-specific symptoms, infrequent standard-of-care testing, resolution of viral shedding before seeking medical care, test positivity that varies by specimen site in the upper airway and lower diagnostic test sensitivity compared to children. Conducting prospective observational studies to assess RSV burden in adults is time- and resource-intensive. Thus, model-based approaches can be applied using existing data to obtain more accurate estimates of RSV burden. This protocol establishes essential elements for estimati...
Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy - March 18, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Comparative Effectiveness of mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccines Among Older Adults: Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis Using the GRADE Framework
ConclusionMeta-analysis of 24 observational studies demonstrated significantly lower risk of asymptomatic, symptomatic, and severe infections and hospitalizations with the mRNA-1273 versus BNT162b2 vaccine in older adults aged ≥ 50 years. (Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy)
Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy - March 18, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Modelling the Public Health Burden of Herpes Zoster and the Impact of Adjuvanted Recombinant Zoster Vaccine in Five Selected Countries in Southeast Asia
ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that there is substantial HZ disease burden in older adults for the five selected countries in Southeast Asia, negatively impacting national healthcare systems. Introducing RZV could potentially reduce this burden.A graphical abstract is available with this article.Graphical Abstract (Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy)
Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy - March 17, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Cost-Effectiveness of 20-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Among US Children with Underlying Medical Conditions
ConclusionsUse of PCV20 among young children with CMC+ and IC in the USA would reduce the clinical burden of pneumococcal disease and yield overall cost savings from both the US healthcare system and societal perspectives. Higher PCV20 uptake could further reduce the number of pneumococcal disease cases in this population. (Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy)
Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy - March 16, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Serum Troponin I Assessments in 5- to 30-Year-Olds After BNT162b2 Vaccination
ConclusionsAmong 5- to < 30-year-olds in both studies, troponin levels were rarely elevated (≤ 1.0%) and similar before and post-vaccination; troponin levels were also similar between BNT162b2 and placebo in 12- to 30-year-old and 5- to 11-year-old recipients in the respective studies. No myocarditis or pericarditis cases were reported. These findings did not provide evidence that BNT162b2 causes troponin elevations. No utility of routine measurement of troponin levels in asymptomatic BNT162b2 recipients was identified. (Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy)
Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy - March 15, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Distinct Lipidomic Profiles between People Living with HIV Treated with E/C/F/TAF or B/F/TAF: An Open-Label Prospective Cohort Study
ConclusionE/C/F/TAF promotes the accumulation of lipid species closely associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among people living with HIV, whereas B/F/TAF has a decreased impact on CVD-related lipid profile and is associated with lower CVD risk.A graphical abstract is available with this article.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov; identifier, NCT06019273.Graphical Abstract (Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy)
Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy - March 15, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
K-Means Clustering Identifies Diverse Clinical Phenotypes in COVID-19 Patients: Implications for Mortality Risks and Remdesivir Impact
ConclusionsPatients with COVID-19 exhibit varying mortality rates across different clinical phenotypes. K-means clustering aids in identifying patients who derive the greatest mortality benefit from remdesivir use. (Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy)
Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy - March 15, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
