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Echographic comparison of optic nerve sheath diameter between both eyes
Maddalena De Bernardo, Ilaria De PascaleIndian Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2018 22(9):684-684 (Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine)
Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine - September 17, 2018 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Maddalena De Bernardo Ilaria De Pascale Source Type: research

Speech and swallowing function outcome following early tracheostomy in patients who underwent neurosurgical intervention
Pralay Shankar Ghosh, Sukanya Naskar, Afzal AzimIndian Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2018 22(9):683-683 (Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine)
Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine - September 17, 2018 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Pralay Shankar Ghosh Sukanya Naskar Afzal Azim Source Type: research

Verapamil as an adjuvant treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy
S Lakshmikanthcharan, Mohamed Hisham, SK Chaitanya Juluri, Sivakumar Mundilipayalam NandakumarIndian Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2018 22(9):680-682 Almost one-third of the people suffering from epilepsy continue to have seizures in spite of using appropriate antiepileptics. Pharmacoresistance is defined as the failure to achieve seizure control with two or more anticonvulsant medications at appropriate daily dosage. Here, we discuss one such gentleman whose seizures had been intractable despite multiple antiepileptic drugs in maximum tolerable doses. Verapamil, a calcium channel blocker, was used for its P-glycoprot...
Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine - September 17, 2018 Category: Intensive Care Authors: S Lakshmikanthcharan Mohamed Hisham SK Chaitanya Juluri Sivakumar Mundilipayalam Nandakumar Source Type: research

A rare case of localized tetanus
We present case of a 55-year-old male farmer, presented with an injury to the left toe. A surgical wound exploration and washout with administration of human tetanus immunoglobulin and tetanus toxoid were given as treatment with antibiotic support. This case report points out the importance of the early recognition of a rare form of this fatal infectious disease, which may present with prodromal symptoms before the generalized form shows its clinical effects. Successful management includes prompt diagnosis, neutralization of circulating toxin and elimination of C. tetani infection, control of spasms, maintenance of the air...
Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine - September 17, 2018 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Deepak S Sharma Mit B Shah Source Type: research

Severe hypokalemia mimicking brain death
Asif Ali Hitawala, Piyush Garg, Abhay Jain, Ashish NaharIndian Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2018 22(9):674-677 We discuss a case of a 20-year-old female who presented with history of fever, vomiting, and decreased oral intake for 10 days followed by one episode of generalized tonic–clonic seizure and altered sensorium for 5–6 h. On arrival in the emergency room, she had Glasgow Coma Scale 3 (E1V1M1), both pupils fixed and dilated, low blood pressure, low oxygen saturation, and few gasping breaths. She appeared to be brain dead and was assumed to have a very poor prognosis. Investigations rev...
Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine - September 17, 2018 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Asif Ali Hitawala Piyush Garg Abhay Jain Ashish Nahar Source Type: research

Hepatitis a virus-induced severe hemolysis complicated by severe Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase deficiency
Dhruva Sharma, Omender Singh, Deven Juneja, Amit Goel, Suneel Kumar Garg, Shashank ShekharIndian Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2018 22(9):670-673 Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an x-linked recessive genetic disorder with mutation in the G6PD gene. Defect in the enzyme G6PD causes red blood cells (RBCs) to breakdown prematurely causing hemolytic anemia. Hemolytic anemia is also a known hematological complication associated with viral hepatitis. In such patients, hemolysis may be more severe if there is any secondary injury to RBC in the form of membrane defect, oxidative stress, or enzyme defici...
Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine - September 17, 2018 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Dhruva Sharma Omender Singh Deven Juneja Amit Goel Suneel Kumar Garg Shashank Shekhar Source Type: research

Hypernatremia due to urea-induced osmotic diuresis: Physiology at the bedside
Sonali Vadi, Kenneth YimIndian Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2018 22(9):664-669 Hypernatremia secondary to urea-induced solute diuresis is due to the renal excretion of electrolyte-free water. This concept is explained here step-wise physiologically with the help of a clinical vignette. (Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine)
Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine - September 17, 2018 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Sonali Vadi Kenneth Yim Source Type: research

Diagnostic and prognostic role of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in early and late phase of sepsis
Conclusion: The study suggests that NLR can be a useful diagnostic and prognostic marker in sepsis. (Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine)
Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine - September 17, 2018 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Rajnish Kaushik Monika Gupta Madhu Sharma Debraj Jash Neetu Jain Nitin Sinha Aditya Chaudhry Dhruva Chaudhry Source Type: research

Survey on perceived impact of religion, culture, and social network information on surrogate decision-making in a South Asian developed country
Conclusion: This survey points to a need for wider studies looking at the factors influencing people when making such important decisions and further social psychology interventions to evaluate whether such decisions can be made more consistent and patient centred. (Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine)
Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine - September 17, 2018 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Shahla Siddiqui Sukhanya Sureish Audris Chia Source Type: research

Evaluating extravascular lung water in sepsis: Three lung-ultrasound techniques compared against transpulmonary thermodilution
Conclusion: L-US is feasible in patients with severe sepsis. In addition, L-US 28-zone protocol demonstrated high specificity and better sensitivity than abbreviated 4- and 8-zone protocols. In ARDS, the L-US 28-zone protocol was more accurate than the 4- and 8-zone protocols in predicting EVLW. Consideration of limitations of the latter protocols may prevent clinicians from reaching premature conclusions regarding the prediction of EVLW. Trial Registration: ISRCTN11419081. Registered 4 February 2015 retrospectively. (Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine)
Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine - September 17, 2018 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Pattarin Pirompanich Dimitrios Karakitsos Abdulrahman Alharthy Lawrence Marshall Gillman Michael Blaivas Brian M Buchanan Peter G Brindley Anan Wattanathum Source Type: research

Sonographic measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter: How steep is the learning curve for a novice operator ?
Conclusion: Learning curve for novice operators to measure ONSD is steep and they can be taught to measure ONSD in healthy volunteers by sonography in supervised clinical session with an acceptable clinical precision and accuracy comparable to an experienced operator. (Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine)
Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine - September 17, 2018 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Gentle Sunder Shrestha Binayak Upadhyay Aanchal Shahi KC Jaya Ram Pankaj Joshi Bishesh Sharma Poudyal Source Type: research

Targeted-volume noninvasive ventilation reduces extubation failure in postextubated medical Intensive Care Unit patients: A randomized controlled trial
Conclusions: Our study is the first study to demonstrate the benefit of application of targeted-volume NIV immediately after extubation in reducing extubation failure rate. There was a trend toward lowering reintubation rate and shorter ICU length of stay and hospital length of stay after extubation in mixed medical ICU patients. (Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine)
Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine - September 17, 2018 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Vorawut Thanthitaweewat Dittapol Muntham Naricha Chirakalwasan Source Type: research

Non- neurological complications after traumatic brain injury: A prospective observational study
Conclusion: TBI patients tend to have poor outcome due to concomitant nonneurological complications. These have significant bearing on ICU stay, disability, and mortality. (Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine)
Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine - September 17, 2018 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Keshav Goyal Amarjyoti Hazarika Ankur Khandelwal Navdeep Sokhal Ashish Bindra Niraj Kumar Shweta Kedia Girija P Rath Source Type: research

The importance of serial time point quantitative assessment of cardiac Troponin I in the diagnosis of acute myocardial damage
Conclusion: The present study suggested that the repeat of cTnI assay after 4–6 h of admission is required if the initial value is <3 ng/ml. (Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine)
Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine - September 17, 2018 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Arindam Bose Vidyut Jain Girish Kawthekar Chandrabala Chhabra Nanda Hemvani Dhananjay S Chitnis Source Type: research

Unusual cause of hypotension in a polytrauma victim: A case of fahr & #39;s syndrome
Ajay Yadav, Richa Aggarwal, Riddhi Kundu, Kapil Dev SoniIndian Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2018 22(8):621-623 (Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine)
Source: Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine - August 17, 2018 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Ajay Yadav Richa Aggarwal Riddhi Kundu Kapil Dev Soni Source Type: research