Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Respiratory Health Effects of Air Pollutants
Air pollution is a risk factor for asthma and respiratory infection. Avoidance of air pollution is the best approach to mitigating the impacts of pollution. Personal preventive strategies are possible, but policy interventions are the most effective ways to prevent pollution and its effect on asthma and respiratory infection. (Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America)
Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America - September 7, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: David B. Peden Source Type: research

The Impact of Climate Change on the Sporulation of Atmospheric Fungi
The U.S. Global Change Research Program, Fourth National Climate Assessment reports that it is extremely likely that human activities, especially emissions of greenhouse gases, are the dominant cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century. There are no convincing alternative explanations supported by observational evidence. (Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America)
Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America - September 2, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Young-Jin Choi, Jae-Won Oh Source Type: research

Extreme Weather Events and Asthma
The objective of this article is to review recent literature on the implications of extreme weather events such as thunderstorms, wildfires, tropical cyclones, freshwater flooding, and temperature extremes in relationship to asthma symptoms. Several studies have shown worsening of asthma symptoms with thunderstorms, wildfires, tropical cyclones, freshwater flooding, and temperature extremes. In particular, thunderstorm asthma can be exacerbated by certain factors such as temperature, precipitation, and allergen sensitization. Therefore, it is imperative that the allergy and immunology community be aware of the health effec...
Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America - August 21, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Jennilee Luedders, Jill A. Poole, Andrew C. Rorie Source Type: research

Methods to Advance Climate Science in Respiratory Health
Climate change is a major concern with significant impacts on human health including respiratory outcomes, particularly through changes in air temperature. The rise in global temperature has led to an increase in heat waves and extreme weather events, which pose serious risks to respiratory health. Accurately assessing the effects of air temperature on respiratory health requires a comprehensive approach that incorporates fine-scale exposure assessment to characterize the geospatial environment impacting population health. Recent advances in open-source earth observation data have allowed for improved exposure assessment t...
Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America - August 7, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Itai Kloog, Xueying Zhang Source Type: research

Climate Change and Food Allergy
The role of environmental factors including climate change and consequent influences of air pollution on food allergy remains less explored compared with impacts on allergic rhinitis and asthma. In this review, we discuss the epithelial barrier hypothesis as a proposed mechanism of food allergy development that may be relevant in this context. We also discuss existing studies that provide insight into the intricate relationship between food allergy and climate-related environmental factors. (Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America)
Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America - August 7, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Ashley Sang Eun Lee, Nicole Ramsey Source Type: research

World Health Organization Classification and Diagnosis of Mastocytosis
This article discusses the revised classification of mastocytosis in light of a rapidly moving field and the advent of new diagnostic parameters, new prognostication tools, and new therapies. (Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America)
Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America - July 17, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Peter Valent, Karl Sotlar, Hans-Peter Horny, Michel Arock, Cem Akin Source Type: research

Non-Pharmacological Treatments of Asthma Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overlap and Rehabilitation Programs
Non-pharmacologic treatment is a vital, yet often under-utilized aspect of care for patients with ACO. As patients with ACO are often excluded from clinical trials, management decisions should be based on patient characteristic “phenotypes,” such as dyspnea or exacerbation, and considering whether COPD or asthma is more pronounced in the individual patient. Self-management interventions in asthma and COPD have an overwhelming amount of supporting evidence and should be an integral part of ACO management. Additionally, pulmonary rehabilitation has widespread benefits in patients with COPD as well as asthma and should be...
Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America - July 11, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Jean Bourbeau, Jeff Marciniuk Source Type: research

Mastocytosis: Aiming for the Right Targets
We have witnessed important and historic developments in mastocytosis in the last year. Diagnostic criteria and classification of mastocytosis have been revised by the World Health Organization and International Consensus Classification groups. FDA approved avapritinib for the treatment of indolent systemic mastocytosis, the first cytoreductive targeted therapy with selectivity against D816V KIT mutation. Availability of new drugs made us think harder about coming up with symptom scores and quality-of-life measures to document response to therapies. (Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America)
Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America - July 11, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Cem Akin Tags: Preface Source Type: research

Spondyloarthritides
The spondyloarthritides are a diverse group of distinct yet interrelated disease processes with overlapping clinical features. They are ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease –associated arthritis, and psoriatic arthritis. Genetically, these disease processes have been linked by the presence of HLA-B27. They manifest with axial and peripheral symptoms, such as inflammatory back pain, enthesitis, oligoarthritis, and dactylitis. The onset of symptoms can begin before the age of 45; however, because of the wide range of signs and symptoms, diagnosis can be delayed, leading to unchecked inflam...
Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America - July 1, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Hope A. Taitt, Rithvik Balakrishnan Source Type: research

Anaphylaxis
is a potentially life-threatening, multisystem allergic reaction that can cause airway, breathing, or circulatory compromise. Intramuscular epinephrine is the immediate treatment of all patients. Intravenous epinephrine should be used in patients in shock, either as a bolus or infusion, along with fluid resuscitation. Airway obstruction must be recognized, and early intubation may be necessary. For shock that is refractory to epinephrine, additional vasopressors may be needed. Disposition depends on patient presentation and response to treatment. Mandatory observation periods are not necessary, because biphasic reactions ...
Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America - July 1, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Kelly McHugh, Zachary Repanshek Source Type: research

Evaluation and Management of Food Allergies in the Emergency Department
Food allergies are a common and serious cause of illness, accounting for an increasing number of emergency department visits annually. Although definite diagnosis lays outside of an emergency department visit, the clinical management of the most serious food allergies highlights emergency care. The staple of acute care remains epinephrine in association with antihistamines and steroids. The greatest threat remains undertreatment for this group of disorders and underutilization of epinephrine. Those who have been treated for a food allergy need a follow-up allergist evaluation, guidance of food avoidance, and avoidance of f...
Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America - July 1, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Genevieve Schult Krajewski, Thomas Krajewski Source Type: research

Immune-based Therapies —What the Emergency Physician Needs to Know
This article provides a review of the mechanisms of action, indications for use, and potential complications of immunotherapy treatments that are relevant in the emergency care setting. (Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America)
Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America - July 1, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Sarah B. Dubbs, Cheyenne Falat, Lauren Rosenblatt Source Type: research

Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions
Drug hypersensitivity reactions are a diverse group of reactions mediated by the immune system after exposure to a drug. The Gell and Coombs classification divides immunologic DHRs into 4 major pathophysiologic categories based on immunologic mechanism. Anaphylaxis is a Type I hypersensitivity reaction that requires immediate recognition and treatment. Severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) are a group of dermatologic diseases that result from a Type IV hypersensitivity process and include drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptom (DRESS) syndrome, Stevens –Johnson Syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysi...
Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America - July 1, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: R. Gentry Wilkerson Source Type: research

Autoimmune Connective Tissue Diseases: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis are just 2 of several autoimmune connective tissue diseases that are primarily chronic in nature but can present to the emergency department by virtue of an acute exacerbation of disease. Beyond an acute exacerbation of disease, their predilection for invading multiple organ systems lends itself to the potential for patients presenting to the emergency department with either a single or isolated symptom or a myriad of signs and/or symptoms indicative of a degree of disease complexity and severity that warrant timely recognition and resuscitation. (Source: Immunology and...
Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America - July 1, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Jonathan Rose Source Type: research

Mimics of Allergy and Angioedema
Scombroid poisoning, systemic mastocytosis, and hereditary alpha tryptasemia all present with episodes that resemble allergic reactions. Knowledge regarding systemic mastocytosis and hereditary alpha tryptasemia is quickly evolving. Epidemiology, pathophysiology, and strategies to identify and diagnose are discussed. Evidence-based management in the emergency setting and beyond is also explored and summarized. Key differences are described between these events and allergic reactions. (Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America)
Source: Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America - July 1, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Elizabeth G. Thomas, Daniel James Thomas Source Type: research