Renal Denervation in Resistant Hypertension and Obstructive Sleep ApneaNovelty and Significance [Renal Denervation]
It has been postulated that catheter-based renal denervation (RDN) may lower blood pressure (BP) and improve severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in resistant hypertensive patients. The aim of our study (NCT01366625) was to investigate in a prospective randomized trial the effect of RDN on BP and clinical course of OSA. Sixty patients with true resistant hypertension coexisting with moderate-to-severe OSA (apnea/hypopnea index, ≥15) were randomly allocated to RDN group (30 patients) and to control group (30 patients). The primary end point was reduction in office systolic BP at 3 months. Secondary end points include...
Source: Hypertension - July 11, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ewa Warchol-Celinska, Aleksander Prejbisz, Jacek Kadziela, Elzbieta Florczak, Magdalena Januszewicz, Ilona Michalowska, Piotr Dobrowolski, Marek Kabat, Pawel Sliwinski, Anna Klisiewicz, Roman Topor-Madry, Krzysztof Narkiewicz, Virend K. Somers, Paul A. So Tags: High Blood Pressure, Hypertension Original Articles Source Type: research

Angiotensin II-Induced End-Organ Damage in Mice Is Attenuated by Human Exosomes and by an Exosomal Y RNA FragmentNovelty and Significance [Kidney]
Hypertension often leads to cardiovascular disease and kidney dysfunction. Exosomes secreted from cardiosphere-derived cells (CDC-exo) and their most abundant small RNA constituent, the Y RNA fragment EV-YF1, exert therapeutic benefits after myocardial infarction. Here, we investigated the effects of CDC-exo and EV-YF1, each administered individually, in a model of cardiac hypertrophy and kidney injury induced by chronic infusion of Ang (angiotensin) II. After 2 weeks of Ang II, multiple doses of CDC-exo or EV-YF1 were administered retro-orbitally. Ang II infusion induced an elevation in systolic blood pressure that was no...
Source: Hypertension - July 11, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Linda Cambier, Jorge F. Giani, Weixin Liu, Takeshi Iȷichi, Antonio K. Echavez, Jackelyn Valle, Eduardo Marban Tags: Hypertrophy Original Articles Source Type: research

Bradykinin Stimulates Renal Na+ and K+ Excretion by Inhibiting the K+ Channel (Kir4.1) in the Distal Convoluted TubuleNovelty and Significance [Kidney]
Stimulation of BK2R (bradykinin [BK] B2 receptor) has been shown to increase renal Na+ excretion. The aim of the present study is to explore the role of BK2R in regulating Kir4.1 and NCC (NaCl cotransporter) in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT). Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that BK2R was highly expressed in both apical and lateral membrane of Kir4.1-positive tubules, such as DCT. Patch-clamp experiments demonstrated that BK inhibited the basolateral 40-pS K+ channel (a Kir4.1/5.1 heterotetramer) in the DCT, and this effect was blocked by BK2R antagonist but not by BK1R (BK B1 receptor) antagonist. Whole-cell r...
Source: Hypertension - July 11, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Dan-Dan Zhang, Zhong-Xiuzi Gao, Carlos P. Vio, Yu Xiao, Peng Wu, Hao Zhang, Xi-Wen Guo, Xin-Xin Meng, Li Gu, Jun-Lin Wang, Xin-Peng Duan, Dao-Hong Lin, Wen-Hui Wang, Ruimin Gu Tags: Hypertension Original Articles Source Type: research

Suppression of Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition by SIRT (Sirtuin) 3 Alleviated the Development of Hypertensive Renal InjuryNovelty and Significance [Kidney]
In conclusion, these results established the SIRT3-Foxo3a-catalase pathway as a critical factor in the maintenance of endothelial homeostasis and point to an important role of EndoMT in the vascular pathology of renal fibrosis, which may provide a new therapeutic target to impede the progression of hypertensive renal injury. (Source: Hypertension)
Source: Hypertension - July 11, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jing-rong Lin, Yan-jun Zheng, Ze-bei Zhang, Wei-li Shen, Xiao-dong Li, Tong Wei, Cheng-chao Ruan, Xiao-hui Chen, Ding-liang Zhu, Ping-jin Gao Tags: Endothelium/Vascular Type/Nitric Oxide, Oxidant Stress, Vascular Biology, Hypertension Original Articles Source Type: research

Refractory Hypertension Is not Attributable to Intravascular Fluid Retention as Determined by Intracardiac VolumesNovelty and Significance [Heart]
Refractory hypertension (RfHTN) is an extreme phenotype of antihypertensive treatment failure defined as lack of blood pressure control with ≥5 medications, including a long-acting thiazide and a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist. RfHTN is a subgroup of resistant hypertension (RHTN), which is defined as blood pressure>135/85 mm Hg with ≥3 antihypertensive medications, including a diuretic. RHTN is generally attributed to persistent intravascular fluid retention. It is unknown whether alternative mechanisms are operative in RfHTN. Our objective was to determine whether RfHTN is characterized by persistent fluid re...
Source: Hypertension - July 11, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Alejandro Velasco, Mohammed Siddiqui, Eric Kreps, Pavani Kolakalapudi, Tanja Dudenbostel, Garima Arora, Eric K. Judd, Sumanth D. Prabhu, Steven G. Lloyd, Suzanne Oparil, David A. Calhoun Tags: Hypertrophy Original Articles Source Type: research

Hypoxia-Induced Mitogenic Factor Promotes Cardiac Hypertrophy via Calcium-Dependent and Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1{alpha} MechanismsNovelty and Significance [Heart]
In conclusion, HIMF has a critical role in the development of cardiac hypertrophy, and targeting HIMF may represent a potential therapeutic strategy. (Source: Hypertension)
Source: Hypertension - July 11, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Santosh Kumar, Gang Wang, Wenjuan Liu, Wenwen Ding, Ming Dong, Na Zheng, Hongyu Ye, Jie Liu Tags: Heart Failure, Hypertrophy Original Articles Source Type: research

Benefits of Intensive Blood Pressure Treatment in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Receiving Standard but Not Intensive Glycemic ControlNovelty and Significance [Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension]
This study aimed to assess whether intensive blood pressure (BP) treatment has benefits in preventing cardiovascular events, including heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Using the ACCORD BP trial (Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Blood Pressure) data, hazard ratios for cardiovascular events with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using the Cox proportional hazard models to compare the time to the first cardiovascular event in patients receiving standard (n=2362) or intensive glycemic control (n=2371). The overall mean follow-up period was 4.5 years, and cardiovascular events wer...
Source: Hypertension - July 11, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Tetsuro Tsujimoto, Hiroshi Kajio Tags: Hypertension Original Articles Source Type: research

Lixisenatide Versus Insulin Glulisine on Fasting and Postbreakfast Systemic Hemodynamics in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus PatientsNovelty and Significance [Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension]
The prolonged treatment effects of a short-acting GLP-1RA (glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist), such as lixisenatide, on fasting and postprandial systemic hemodynamics in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients are unknown. In this secondary analysis, we included 34 overweight insulin glargine–treated type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (mean±SD age, 62±7 years; HbA1c, 8.0±0.9%; systolic blood pressure [BP], 133.9±16.1 mm Hg; diastolic BP, 75.4±8.39 mm Hg) that were randomized to once-daily lixisenatide 20 μg or once-daily titrated insulin glulisine for 8 weeks. Systemic hemodynamics (oscillometric device and fin...
Source: Hypertension - July 11, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Lennart Tonneiȷck, Marcel H.A. Muskiet, Jos W. Twisk, Mark H.H. Kramer, A.H. Jan Danser, Jaap A. Joles, Mark M. Smits, Daniel H. van Raalte Tags: High Blood Pressure, Hypertension, Vascular Disease Original Articles Source Type: research

Pharmacological Treatment of Arterial Hypertension in Children and AdolescentsNovelty and Significance [Childhood Blood Pressures]
Pharmacological treatment is indicated in children and adolescents with hypertension unresponsive to lifestyle modifications, but there is not enough evidence to recommend 1 class of antihypertensive drugs over others. We performed a network meta-analysis to compare the results of available randomized clinical trials on pharmacological treatment of pediatric hypertension. From a total of 554 potentially relevant studies, 13 randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials enrolling ≥50 patients and a follow-up ≥4 weeks were included. The reduction of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) after treatment wer...
Source: Hypertension - July 11, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jacopo Burrello, Elvira M. Erhardt, Gaelle Saint–Hilary, Franco Veglio, Franco Rabbia, Paolo Mulatero, Silvia Monticone, Fabrizio D’Ascenzo Tags: Hypertension Original Articles Source Type: research

Secular Trends in Blood Pressure and Overweight and Obesity in Chinese Boys and Girls Aged 7 to 17 Years From 1995 to 2014Novelty and Significance [Epidemiology/Population]
The current study aimed to assess the secular trends in overweight and obesity status and high blood pressure (HBP) in Chinese children and adolescents for 2 decades. Data on 943 128 participants aged 7 to 17 years were obtained from the Chinese National Survey on Students’ Constitution and Health from 1995 to 2014. The population attributable risk of overweight status for HBP was calculated. The prevalence of overweight increased from 4.3% in 1995 to 18.4% in 2014, whereas HBP prevalence fluctuated in the range of 4.4% to 6.4% during the same time period, the lowest in 2005. Within each survey year, blood pressure lev...
Source: Hypertension - July 11, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Yanhui Dong, Jun Ma, Yi Song, Yinghua Ma, Bin Dong, Zhiyong Zou, Judith J. Prochaska Tags: Epidemiology, Obesity, Pediatrics, High Blood Pressure, Hypertension Original Articles Source Type: research

Can Blood Pressure Self-Monitoring Improve Postpartum Management of Pregnancy-Associated Hypertension? [Editorial Commentary]
(Source: Hypertension)
Source: Hypertension - July 11, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jessica Sheehan Tangren Tags: Clinical Studies Editorial Commentaries Source Type: research

Activity Tracking’s Newest Companion [Editorial Commentary]
(Source: Hypertension)
Source: Hypertension - July 11, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kathryn Sandberg, Stephen P. Wright, Jason G. Umans Tags: Cardiovascular Disease, Exercise, Lifestyle Editorial Commentaries Source Type: research

Does Intensive Glucose Control Cancel Out Benefits of Systolic Blood Pressure Target
(Source: Hypertension)
Source: Hypertension - July 11, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sverre E. Kjeldsen, Ingrid Os, Peter M. Nilsson Tags: Cardiovascular Disease, Diabetes, Type 2, Risk Factors, High Blood Pressure, Hypertension Editorial Commentaries Source Type: research

Renal Denervation—Ready for Prime Time!? [Editorial Commentary]
(Source: Hypertension)
Source: Hypertension - July 11, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Markus P. Schlaich, Marcio G. Kiuchi, Murray D. Esler Tags: High Blood Pressure, Hypertension Editorial Commentaries Source Type: research

Genes for Preeclampsia [Editorial Commentary]
(Source: Hypertension)
Source: Hypertension - July 11, 2018 Category: Cardiology Authors: Georg Ehret Tags: Genetic, Association Studies, Hypertension Editorial Commentaries Source Type: research