Epilogue
Horm Res Paediatr 2022;95:657 (Source: Hormone Research in Paediatrics)
Source: Hormone Research in Paediatrics - November 29, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
The Evolution of Adolescent Gender-Affirming Care: An Historical Perspective
While individuals have demonstrated gender diversity throughout history, the use of medication and/or surgery to bring a person ’s physical sex characteristics into alignment with their gender identity is relatively recent, with origins in the first half of the 20th century. Adolescent gender-affirming care, however, did not emerge until the late 20th century and has been built upon pioneering work from the Netherlands, fi rst published in 1998. Since that time, evolving protocols for gender-diverse adolescents have been incorporated into clinical practice guidelines and standards of care published by the Endocrine Socie...
Source: Hormone Research in Paediatrics - November 29, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
The History of Obesity Research
Perhaps the most unexpected development in pediatric endocrinology in the past 50 years has been the recognition of obesity as an endocrine/metabolic disorder rather than a life choice or moral failing. The history of obesity research is disjointed, having followed two separate paths in the 20th century, based on two independent yet overlapping paradigms. Proponents of the “Energy Storage” hypothesis point to data implicating monogenetic disorders, the ventromedial hypothalamus, insulin, cortisol, and the adipocyte itself in the pathogenesis of obesity. Alternatively, proponents of the “Energy Balance” hypothesis p...
Source: Hormone Research in Paediatrics - November 29, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Congenital Hyperinsulinism: An Historical Perspective
Congenital hyperinsulinism is the most common cause of persistent hypoglycemia in neonates, infants, and children. Since the first case descriptions in the 1950s, the field has advanced significantly. It was the development of the insulin radioimmunoassay by Yalow and Berson a decade later that made it possible to demonstrate that this form of persistent hypoglycemia was caused by insulin, and a few years later, Drash described the successful treatment of children with hyperinsulinism with the antihypertensive diazoxide, which until today remains the only approved treatment for hyperinsulinism. In the mid 1970s, Baker and ...
Source: Hormone Research in Paediatrics - November 29, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: the role of insulin resistance and associated genetic variants
Introduction: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Insulin resistance is an important cardiovascular risk factor (CVRF), also in subjects with T1D, but the influence of the genetic predisposition of insulin resistance on cardiovascular risk is still unknown in T1D. We aimed to determine whether a genetic score composed of six variants, previously associated to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk, associates with insulin sensitivity and known CVRFs in children and adolescents with T1D.
Materials and Methods: 330 children and adolescents (174 males; mean age 15.7 ...
Source: Hormone Research in Paediatrics - November 22, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Long-Term Retention of Young Adult Study Participants with Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: Results from the TODAY2 Study
Conclusion: In a racially and ethnically diverse population of youth-onset type 2 diabetes, benefits and barriers associated with long-term retention are described. These findings can be used to help inform future retention strategies for young adu lts in clinical trials. (Source: Hormone Research in Paediatrics)
Source: Hormone Research in Paediatrics - November 21, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Prospective Test Performance of Nonfasting Biomarkers to Identify Dysglycemia in Children and Adolescents
Conclusion: HbA1c and nonfasting glucose tests had reasonable longitudinal discrimination identifying adolescents at risk for dysglycemia, but performance depended on outcome definition. (Source: Hormone Research in Paediatrics)
Source: Hormone Research in Paediatrics - November 15, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Impact of Stress on Health in Childhood and Adolescence
«We must avoid with our utmost endeavour and amputate with fire and sword and by all other means: from the body, sickness; from the soul, ignorance; from the belly, luxury; from the city, sedition; from the family, discord; and from all things, excess» (Pythagoras of Samos, circa 569 -475 BC). (Source: Hormone Research in Paediatrics)
Source: Hormone Research in Paediatrics - November 14, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
10 years ’ experience of a global and freely accessible e-Learning website for paediatric endocrinology and diabetes
We describe the various applications of the content of the e-Learning website that has been greatly expanded over the last 10 years. A large module on paediatric diabetes was added with the support of the International Society for Paediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD). A separate multilingual module was created that focuses on front-line health care providers in limited resource settings. This module has been well received particularly in targeted parts of the world. E-learning may also be an opportunity to expand or tailor educational activities for learners according to their differing learning needs. The e-Learning...
Source: Hormone Research in Paediatrics - November 8, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors in Type 1 Diabetes: A Scoping Review
Conclusions. SGLT2 inhibitors, as an add-on therapy to insulin, improve glycaemic outcomes in adults with T1D with a potential cost of increasing the risk of DKA. The use of add-on SGLT2 inhibitors to insulin show promising results in youths with T1D. Moreover, SGLT2 inhibitors as add-on therapy in combination with closed-loop insulin therapy could provide additional benefits in improving glycemic control. The current role of SGLT2 inhibitors as an adjunct therapy to insulin in individuals with type 1 diabetes is yet to be determined. (Source: Hormone Research in Paediatrics)
Source: Hormone Research in Paediatrics - October 24, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Burosumab therapy in a paediatric patient with McCune-Albright Syndrome: A case report
Conclusion
This case shows the positive effe ct that a short-term course of Burosumab has on bone health in a paediatric patient with McCune-Albright syndrome. Further research is required to assess long-term effects. Our patient also presented with precocious puberty and growth hormone excess, a co-existence that can be challenging to diagnos e and less common in males. He received medical management for both conditions, but due to the similar presentations, this case highlights the importance to investigate and diagnose associated complications as early as possible, so they can be managed in a timely manner. (Source: Hor...
Source: Hormone Research in Paediatrics - October 24, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Children with ADHD Are More Likely to Fail Growth Hormone Stimulation Testing than Children without ADHD - a Retrospective Chart Review
Conclusion: The results show higher likelihood of lower GH peaks in response to GHST in children with ADHD and short stature or impaired liner growth. Future work should evaluate possible mechanistic explanation and the role o f psycho-stimulant medications. (Source: Hormone Research in Paediatrics)
Source: Hormone Research in Paediatrics - October 11, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Changing the Name of Diabetes Insipidus: A Position Statement of the Working Group to Consider Renaming Diabetes Insipidus
Horm Res Paediatr (Source: Hormone Research in Paediatrics)
Source: Hormone Research in Paediatrics - September 30, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Glucocorticoid Receptor Expression Pattern in Very Low Birth Weight Infants Changes Drastically within the First Week of Life
Conclusion: The present results suggest that glucocorticoid sensitivity in VLBW infants increases after birth and this rapid change may play a role in surviving critical postnatal events. (Source: Hormone Research in Paediatrics)
Source: Hormone Research in Paediatrics - September 28, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Glucocorticoid receptor expression pattern in very low-birth weight infants changes drastically within the first week of life
Introduction
We herein examined changes in expression levels of the glucocorticoid receptor subtypes GR α and GRβ in very low-birth weight (VLBW) and term infants to clarify time-dependent changes in glucocorticoid sensitivity after birth.
Methods
Whole blood samples were collected at birth and on postnatal days 4 to 7, and the mRNA expression levels of GRα and GRβ were measured using RT-qPCR. T he relative gene expression levels of GRα and GRβ as the target genes normalized to actin beta as the endogenous control were calculated by the comparative cycle threshold method.
Results
The GRα/GRβ expression ratio a...
Source: Hormone Research in Paediatrics - September 28, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
