Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America RSS feedThis is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Contributors
GEORGE P. CANELLOS, MD (Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America)
Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America - May 27, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Contents
Benjamin L. Schlechter and Kimmie Ng (Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America)
Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America - May 27, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Forthcoming Issues
Gene-Based Therapies for Pediatric Blood Disease (Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America)
Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America - May 27, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Hereditary Colorectal Cancer
Around 10% to 16% of colorectal cancer patients have a pathogenic variant in a cancer susceptibility gene. Some of these variants are in cancer genes that are associated with colorectal cancer while others are not. The hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes can be divided into two major categories, the nonpolyposis and the polyposis conditions. The nonpolyposis conditions can be divided into those that lead to colorectal tumors with defective mismatch repair and those that do not. The polyposis conditions are further divided by predominant histology into the adenomatous, hamartomatous, serrated, and mixed polyposis conditi...
Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America - May 13, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Heather Hampel, Matthew F. Kalady, Rachel Pearlman, Peter P. Stanich Source Type: research

Colorectal Cancer in Younger Adults
Contrary to decreasing incidence rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) in older adults, incidence rates have nearly doubled in younger adults (age (Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America)
Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America - May 13, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Pooja Dharwadkar, Timothy A. Zaki, Caitlin C. Murphy Source Type: research

New Insights into Adjuvant Therapy for Localized Colon Cancer
Currently, clinicopathologic characteristics of colon cancer tumors guide the selection of patients suitable for adjuvant therapy. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis after surgery has a strong correlation with prognosis, and positive ctDNA status defines a subset of patients with high risk of recurrence. Ongoing interventional adjuvant trials in colon cancer including ctDNA analyses will determine the predictive value of ctDNA in the adjuvant setting. For patients with stage III colon cancer, noninferiority of 3 months of adjuvant therapy compared with 6 months has not been demonstrated. However, for selected subgroups...
Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America - May 13, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Nadia Saoudi Gonz ález, Francisco Javier Ros Montaña, David García Illescas, Iosune Baraibar Argota, Francesc Salvà Ballabrera, Ma Elena Élez Fernández Source Type: research

Management of Peritoneal Disease in Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal cancer with peritoneal involvement is traditionally recognized as having a poor prognosis, with treatment initially limited to palliative systemic chemotherapy alone. The introduction of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) in combination with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy drastically altered the course of this disease entity and has demonstrated improvements in survival outcomes. Recent evidence has shown benefit of CRS but did not show benefit of HIPEC. Under the guidance of a multidisciplinary team and for appropriately selected patients, CRS is a key component of treatment that can positively alter the co...
Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America - May 13, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Vanessa M. Welten, Nelya Melnitchouk Source Type: research

Evolving Role of Circulating Tumor DNA and Emerging Targeted Therapy in Colorectal Cancer
This article also reviews existing and emerging alterations in CRC and their respective therapeutic approaches. (Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America)
Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America - May 13, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Midhun Malla, Aparna R. Parikh Source Type: research

Immunotherapy for Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal cancer is a common malignancy that is frequently able to evade immune defenses. Although this may contribute to promoting and propagating cancer growth, recent advances suggest that for some tumors, particularly those with high levels of microsatellite instability and hypermutability from DNA mismatch repair defects, immunotherapy is effective to control tumor progression. Unfortunately, the overwhelming majority of patients have poor antitumoral immune cell penetration and fewer molecular defects within the cancer to successfully mount an anticancer defense. Studies, primarily in early phases of investigation, ...
Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America - May 13, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Reetu Mukherji, Benjamin A. Weinberg, Katrina S. Pedersen Source Type: research

The Gut Microbiome in Colorectal Cancer
The gut microbiome is important in human health and disease. Recent studies have begun to elucidate its specific role in colorectal cancer. The gut microbiome seems to play an integral role in colorectal cancer initiation and progression, and oncologic drug metabolism and toxicity. This review examines the associations between the gut microbiome and colorectal cancer initiation, progression, and oncologic drug metabolism, highlighting proposed mechanisms and landmark publications in this field. It also discusses potential methods of modulating the gut microbiome, underscoring the gaps in current understanding, and ends wit...
Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America - May 13, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Sorbarikor Piawah, Evan J. Walker, Erin L. Van Blarigan, Chloe E. Atreya Source Type: research

Management of Rectal Cancer
Rectal cancer is an aggressive subtype of colon cancer with inferior outcomes in terms of disease-free and overall survival. Localized rectal cancer should be managed surgically. For stage II and III rectal cancer, neoadjuvant radiation, either as long-course chemoradiotherapy with a sensitizing fluoropyrimidine or short-course radiation, should be offered in all cases. Adjuvant or neoadjuvant fluoropyrimidine and oxaliplatin chemotherapy also should be given. In general, rectal cancer should be treated with a radiation-first approach, but the exact sequencing of therapy does not seem to significantly impact overall surviv...
Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America - May 13, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Benjamin L. Schlechter Source Type: research

Local Therapies in Advanced Colorectal Cancer
Curative intent surgical resection of colorectal metastases to the liver and lungs in eligible patients results in improved disease control and prolonged overall survival with the potential for cure in a subset of patients. Additional ablative and local therapies for use in the liver, lungs, and other body sites have been developed with emerging data on the utility and toxicity of these treatments. Future studies should focus on identification of appropriate candidates for treatment and determining the optimal modality and timing of treatment accounting for both patient and disease factors. (Source: Hematology/Oncology Cli...
Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America - May 10, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kathryn E. Hitchcock, Paul B. Romesser, Eric D. Miller Source Type: research

Nonoperative Management for Rectal Cancer
The treatment algorithm for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) has increased in complexity over the past 10  years. Nonoperative management (NOM) for rectal cancer in patients with clinical complete response (cCR) after neoadjuvant therapy has been gaining acceptance as a potential treatment option for selected LARC patients. The current challenge is to accurately select the patients with an apparent cCR , thereby correctly identifying those would-be appropriate candidates for a NOM strategy. NOM should be part of the treatment discussion of LARC, considering increasing rates of cCR, patient preference, potential quali...
Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America - May 10, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Felipe F. Quezada-Diaz, J. Joshua Smith Source Type: research

Screening for Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second-leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Screening reduces CRC incidence and mortality. 2021 US Preventive Service Task Force (USPSTF) guidelines and available evidence support routine screening from ages 45 to 75, and individualized consideration of screening ages 76 to 85. USPSTF guidelines recommend annual guaiac fecal occult blood testing, annual fecal immunochemical testing (FIT), annual to every 3-year multitarget stool DNA-FIT, every 5-year sigmoidoscopy, every 10-year sigmoidoscopy with annual FIT, every 5-year computed tomographic colonography, and every 10-year col...
Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America - April 30, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Samir Gupta Source Type: research

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Colorectal Cancer Screening and Outcomes
Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality vary by race and ethnicity in the United States, with the highest burden of disease among Black and American Indian/Alaska Native individuals. There are multiple contributors to these disparities, including lifestyle and environmental risk factors that result from adverse social determinants of health and are more prevalent in minority and medically underserved communities. In addition, participation in CRC screening, which is demonstrated to reduce CRC-related mortality, is lower in all racial/ethnic minority groups than for White individuals. Evidence-based efforts to reduc...
Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America - April 30, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Megan R. McLeod, Artin Galoosian, Folasade P. May Source Type: research