Combined Neuroendocrine and Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Sinonasal Tract: A Morphologic and Immunohistochemical Analysis and Review of Literature
AbstractSinonasal malignancies constitute 3% of head and neck cancers, with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) the most common histology. Neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC) are rare, with a subset showing neuroendocrine carcinoma and a non-neuroendocrine component. The pathogenesis of these combined tumors is largely unknown, and TP53 driver mutations may play a role. A database search for combined NEC was performed across two institutions (UNM and UCSF) spanning 15 years. Excluding NUT midline carcinoma, 3 cases met inclusion criteria. All were morphologically NEC + SCC and underwent a comprehensive immunohistochemical eval...
Source: Head and Neck Pathology - May 4, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Immunohistochemical Profile of Polymorphous Adenocarcinoma of Minor Salivary Gland: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
AbstractPolymorphous adenocarcinoma (PAC) is a rare variant of minor salivary gland tumors. Because of its architectural diversity, histological diagnosis of PAC can be difficult especially for small biopsies, and immunohistochemistry is of great help in differentiating it from its histologic mimics. The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic literature review to identify reliable immunohistochemical markers for PAC. We conducted an electronic literature search of the MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, and Wiley Online Library databases, covering the literature published in the period between 1988 and 2021. The el...
Source: Head and Neck Pathology - May 4, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
A Systematic Review of Nasal Chondromesenchymal Hamartoma (NCMH) with a New Case Report
AbstractNasal chondromesenchymal hamartoma (NCMH) is a very rare, benign sinonasal tract tumor commonly affecting infants. In this paper, in addition to presenting a systematic review of the literature on NCMH, we also report an unusual case of NCMH in an adolescent patient. A systematic review conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, EMBASE and manual search through references of relevant publication were utilised to gather all published case-reports of NCMH. Data collected from each case-report for patient demographics, site and size of NCMH, clinical presentation, co-morbidities, diagnostic methods, treatment ...
Source: Head and Neck Pathology - May 4, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Variability in Depth of Invasion Measurements in Carcinomas of the Oral Cavity and the Effect on Pathologic Tumor Staging
AbstractDepth of invasion (DOI) was added to the staging criteria for carcinoma of the lip and oral cavity in the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging Manual (AJCC8). However, there are multiple practical challenges to obtaining an accurate DOI measurement with limited data regarding interobserver variability in DOI measurement. The aim of this study was to investigate interobserver variability in DOI measurement and its effect on tumor stage. We performed an electronic medical record search for excisions of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity between January 1, 2010 and December 25, 2017. A...
Source: Head and Neck Pathology - April 30, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Metastatic Tumors to the Oral Soft Tissues and Jawbones: A Retrospective Analysis of 40 Cases and Review of the Literature
ConclusionsOral and gnathic metastases are rare but demonstrate a clear predilection for the gingiva and mandible. Clinicians should remain cognizant of such lesions since they frequently mimic inflammatory, reactive or benign neoplastic processes and, in certain cases, are the first indication of occult disease. (Source: Head and Neck Pathology)
Source: Head and Neck Pathology - April 19, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Letter: Parotid gland metastases of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma – a corroboration at population level
(Source: Head and Neck Pathology)
Source: Head and Neck Pathology - April 15, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Update from the 5th Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck Tumours: Tumours of the Ear
AbstractIn the recently published 5th Edition of the World Health Organisation Classification of Head and Neck Tumours, there are relatively few changes to report in terms of nomenclature in lesions of ear and temporal bone and fewer developments in molecular pathogenesis in comparison to other sites, particularly in sinonasal tract. Ear and temporal bone tumours are rare and biopsy material is limited. As a result, resources in the literature are scarce with few large series, no controlled clinical trials and the approaches to staging and management are not standardised. New entities are difficult to characterise. The num...
Source: Head and Neck Pathology - April 9, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Rapidly Growing Superficial Angiomyxoma in Mandibular Gingiva: A Case Report and Literature Review
AbstractSuperficial angiomyxoma (SA) is a benign tumor characterized by extensive myxoid stroma, numerous small blood vessels, sparse spindle-shaped fibroblastic cells, and inflammatory cell infiltrate. Oral cavity SA is extremely rare and typically presents as a painless, slow growth. We experienced SA in the mandibular gingiva that is rapidly growing. The patient was a 15-year-old female whose chief complaint was a painless mass in the lingual gingiva of the mandible that increased in size over 1 month. An excisional biopsy was performed under local anesthesia. According to histopathological examination, the mass was d...
Source: Head and Neck Pathology - April 9, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Ghost Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma Arising in a Previous Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst: A Case Report and Review of Literature
AbstractGhost cell odontogenic carcinoma (GCOC) is a rare malignant tumor of odontogenic origin, with only about 50 cases reported in the English literature so far. Histologically, it is characterized by ghost cells, dentinoid deposits, high grade malignant cellular features, and areas of necrosis and invasion. Having common histological features with other odontogenic ghost cell lesions (OGCL) like calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC) and dentinogenic ghost cell tumors, it is crucial to recognize GCOC malignant features, as it can be destructive and invasive, sometimes showing distant metastases and high recurrence rate. For...
Source: Head and Neck Pathology - April 7, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Expression of Mucins in Different Entities of Salivary Gland Cancer: Highest Expression of Mucin-1 in Salivary Duct Carcinoma
AbstractTherapeutic options for advanced salivary gland cancer (SGC) are rare. Therefore, it was the aim of this study to investigate the extent and intensity of Mucin-1 (MUC1), Mucin-16 (MUC16), and Mucin-5AC (MUC5AC) as potential molecular targets using immunohistochemistry. The medical records of all patients who underwent primary surgery for salivary gland cancer with curative intent in a tertiary referral center between 1990 and 2018 were reviewed. Immunohistochemical staining for MUC1, MUC16, and MUC5AC was performed for all patients with sufficient formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded material, and a semi-quantitative c...
Source: Head and Neck Pathology - April 7, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Epithelioid and Spindle Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Oral Mucosa with FUS Rearrangement
AbstractThe spectrum of rhabdomyosarcomas continues to expand beyond the more widely recognized embryonal and alveolar types as newer and novel subtypes are identified. These variants are typically classified on the basis of recurring mutations or translocations and frequently show distinctive clinical, morphologic and immunophenotypic features. A case of newly characterized FUS gene rearranged epithelioid and spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma presenting as an intra-oral mucosal lesion without evidence of an osseous component is described. The characteristic features of an FET-TFCP2 fusion rhabdomyosarcoma were present, includ...
Source: Head and Neck Pathology - March 30, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Expression of a Tumor Stem Cell Marker (Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1-ALDH1) in Benign Epithelial Odontogenic Lesions
AbstractThe morphological diversity and different biological behaviors of human lesions has been attributed to the presence of cells with stem cell (SC) characteristics. Among SC markers, ALDH1 has been used in studies investigating different neoplasms and high expression of this marker was associated with clinicopathological features and prognosis in some groups. The aim of this study was to analyze the presence and distribution of SCs based on the expression of ALDH1 in epithelial odontogenic cysts and tumors. The sample consisted of 80 cases (20 dentigerous cysts (DCs), 20 odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs), 20 ameloblastom...
Source: Head and Neck Pathology - March 29, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Comparison of Interleukin-1 Ligand Expression by Human Papilloma Virus Status in HNSCCs
This study is aimed at determining differences in tumor expression and subcellular localization of IL-1α in HPV-positive (HPV+) and HPV-negative (HPV−) HNSCC tumors. Tissue microarrays (TMAs) containing HPV+ (n = 31) and HPV− (n = 47) primary and metastatic HNSCCs were analyzed for IL-1α expression using immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. HPV status was confirmed using p16 IHC staining and RNA in situ hybridization (RNA ISH). Differences in IL-1α protein expression and secretion in HPV+ and HPV− HNSCC cell lines wer e determined by western blot and ELISA respectively. Associations between tumorIL1A e...
Source: Head and Neck Pathology - March 25, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Exposing the Great Imitator: Proposal for a Holistic Diagnosis of Oral Secondary Syphilis in People Living with HIV
This study aimed to comprehensively characterize oral secondary syphilis in a group of 47 PLWH. A group of PLWH with oral secondary syphilis attending four HIV-referral centers in Mexico City was included (2004 –2021). Clinical and laboratory data were retrieved, and an exhaustive oral examination was performed following the established criteria. Demographic, clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and serological features of the patients were analyzed. Approximately 11% of PLWH with oral secondary syp hilis demonstrated negative Venereal Disease Research Laboratory tests. A noticeable feature was the absence of sympto...
Source: Head and Neck Pathology - March 25, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Frequency in Young Patients from Referral Centers Around the World
In conclusion there was no increase of OSCC in young patients in the institutions investigated and young white females not exposed to any known risk factor represented a rare group of patients affected by OSCC. (Source: Head and Neck Pathology)
Source: Head and Neck Pathology - March 22, 2022 Category: Pathology Source Type: research
