Early clinical evaluation of total hip arthroplasty by three-dimensional gait analysis and muscle strength testing
Patients with severe osteoarthritis of the hip have gait disturbance due to hip joint pain, restricted range of motion, and weakness of the hip joint muscles, all of which are considerably improved by total hip arthroplasty (THA). Improvement of gait is an important reason for patients to undergo surgery and they generally tend to evaluate its success based on postoperative walking ability. Moreover, the majority of patients undergoing THA are elderly, and whether they can walk safely unaided is an important issue for both their families and the medical/welfare system. (Source: Gait and Posture)
Source: Gait and Posture - September 3, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Motosi Gomi, Katsuhiko Maezawa, Masahiko Nozawa, Takahito Yuasa, Munehiko Sugimoto, Akito Hayashi, Saiko Mikawa, Kazuo Kaneko Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
The relationship between functionality and erector spinae activity in patients with specific low back pain during dynamic and static movements
Lower back pain (LBP) is prevalent in Western society and a common reason for a medical consultation [1,2]. The resultant reduction of life quality, work performance and social interactions for affected persons has led to intensive research efforts focused on the development of new treatment methods [3]. Besides non-specific back pain, several disabilities with an existing morphological correlate can be the cause of these symptoms, for instance lumbar spinal stenosis or degenerative spondylolisthesis [4]. (Source: Gait and Posture)
Source: Gait and Posture - September 3, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Sebastian Becker, Ferdinand Bergamo, Klaus J. Schnake, Sylvia Schreyer, Ingo V. Rembitzki, Catherine Disselhorst-Klug Source Type: research
Functional behaviour of spinal muscles after training with an exercise device developed to recruit and train postural muscles
An exercise device has recently been developed to activate deep spinal muscles [1,2]. The device, called the Functional Re-adaptive Exercise Device (FRED, Fig. 1), is similar in its kinematics to an elliptical trainer, but it offers little resistance to lower limb movement [3]. Using surface and intramuscular electromyography (EMG) as well as B-mode ultrasound imaging, previous studies revealed tonic activation of lumbo-pelvic muscles during FRED exercise as compared to walking [1 –3]. As tonic activation of postural muscles is an aspect of function that is modified in LBP, this suggests a potential role for this device ...
Source: Gait and Posture - September 2, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Tobias Weber, Sauro E. Salomoni, Doroth ée Debuse, François Hug, Nick Caplan, Enrico De Martino, Jonathan Scott, Julie Hides, Paul Hodges Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Does the single-limb stance reflect chronic ankle instability in an athlete?
Most ankle inversion sprains are mild (Grade 1) [1,2]; therefore, athletes want to return to their sports activity as soon as possible. Moreover, the overall incidence of lateral ankle sprains may be underestimated because>50% of those who sustain an ankle sprain do not seek medical attention [3,4]. In such cases, ankle instability might be overlooked. At the initial stages of Grade 1, athletes can play sports without pain but have ankle instability [5]. Recurrent ankle sprains occur in athletes who return to sports with ankle instability after trauma [6]. (Source: Gait and Posture)
Source: Gait and Posture - September 2, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Takeshi Toyooka, Yukio Urabe, Shiro Sugiura, Akito Takata, Masanori Shinozaki, Yuka Takata, Tohru Ishizaki, Keita Nakamura, Kazumi Otsuki, Takato Oyama, Satoru Nishikawa Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
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Source: Gait and Posture - September 1, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Reliability of joint kinematic calculations based on direct kinematic and inverse kinematic models in obese children
Most conventional gait models use direct kinematics (DK) to calculate joint angles and their derivatives. DK calculate joint angles as Euler angles between adjacent segment reference frames. These are defined directly from the experimental markers, which are assumed to be rigidly attached to the bones [1]. DK gait models are limited to joint kinematic and kinetic analysis. In contrast to DK models, the more sophisticated musculoskeletal (MSK) models (e.g. OpenSim [2] or AnyBody [3]) use inverse kinematics (IK), also known as global optimization, to calculate joint angles. (Source: Gait and Posture)
Source: Gait and Posture - September 1, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: B. Horsak, B. Pobatschnig, C. Schwab, A. Baca, A. Kranzl, H. Kainz Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Gait Analysis of Patients with Continuous Proximal Sciatic Nerve Blockade in Flexion Contractures after Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty
The main objective of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is to relieve pain and restore normal knee function while providing gait stability. However, postoperative flexion contracture (FC) can lead to suboptimal overall results [1 –3]. To solve this problem, we previously demonstrated that a continuous proximal sciatic nerve block (CPSNB), implemented in combination with physical therapy, yields improved clinical results for patients with FCs who do not respond to conventional treatment modalities [4]. (Source: Gait and Posture)
Source: Gait and Posture - August 31, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Meng Zhou, Shuai An, Mingli Feng, Zheng Li, Huiliang Shen, Kuan Zhang, Jun Sun, Guanglei Cao Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Changes in postural sway and gait characteristics as a consequence of anterior load carriage
Previous research has indicated that carrying externals loads elicits an increase in centre of pressure (COP) measures of postural sway during quiet standing [1 –5] and stride-to-stride gait variability during walking [6,7]. These changes are important as load carriage during standing and walking is a common practice in different occupational and daily tasks [8]. Therefore, further investigation of how postural stability is influenced by external loads is warranted. (Source: Gait and Posture)
Source: Gait and Posture - August 31, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Matthew Roberts, Christopher Talbot, Anthony Kay, Michael Price, Mathew Hill Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Posture of the foot: Don ’t keep it out of sight, out of mind in knee osteoarthritis
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the representatives of the multi-causation disease model. It is not only contributed by the biochemical factors in the human body, but also related to the mechanical properties of the adjacent joints including the hip and the ankle [1]. (Source: Gait and Posture)
Source: Gait and Posture - August 28, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Zainb Al-Bayati, Ilke Coskun Benlidayi, Neslihan Gokcen Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Effects of kinesiotaping and athletic taping on ankle kinematics during walking in individuals with chronic ankle instability: A pilot study
Ankle sprains are one of the most common athletic injuries with a pooled cumulative incidence rate of 11.55 per 1000 exposures [1]. Inversion injuries account for 85% of all ankle sprains [2]. Many individuals who had an ankle sprain eventually develop chronic ankle instability (CAI), which is characterized by recurrent ankle giving way and/or sprains [3]. In high school and Division I athletes, approximately 23% were identified as having CAI [4]. Repeated injuries at the ankle due to CAI could cause irreversible degenerative changes, with 68-78% of individuals with CAI developing post-traumatic ankle osteoarthritis [5]. (...
Source: Gait and Posture - August 28, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Sheng-Che Yen, Eric Folmar, Katherine Ann Friend, Ying-Chih Wang, Kevin K. Chui Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
How do children with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy manage walking on inclines?
It is important for children with cerebral palsy (CP) to keep up with their non-affected peers [1]. Participation in everyday life in the most unimpaired way possible is, thus, an important goal of affected families and their attending physicians. Walking on inclined surfaces is an everyday task [2 –5], which presents additional challenges to the locomotor system compared to level ground (LG) walking [2,3,6–9]. Healthy subjects appear to have a stable enough gait to negotiate inclines without problems, even though inclines decrease the stability of gait [2,10]. (Source: Gait and Posture)
Source: Gait and Posture - August 28, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Miray-Su Yilmaz Topcuoglu, Britta K. Krautwurst, Matthias Klotz, Thomas Dreher, Sebastian I. Wolf Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Walking balance on a treadmill changes during pregnancy
An estimated 17% –39% of women fall during pregnancy, making falls a leading cause of accident-related emergency room admissions for pregnant women [1]. The risk of falling may be associated with the rapid increase of mass [2], decreased muscle strength, and anterior shift of the center of mass [3–5]. Balance ma y be particularly affected when a pregnant woman is physically active. Walking is the most common physical activity modality [6], and is featured prominently within the current activity recommendations for pregnant women [7]. (Source: Gait and Posture)
Source: Gait and Posture - August 28, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Daniel Flores, Christopher P. Connolly, Nigel Campbell, Robert D. Catena Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Effects of physical exhaustion on local dynamic stability and automaticity of walking
The participation in various activities of daily living requires stable bipedal gait patterns. Instable gait, however, prevents individuals from participating in activities of daily living and is associated with risk of falling [1,2]. A second crucial factor with respect to navigating safely in complex environments, where people have to handle “natural” dual-tasks (e.g. tracking other people to avoid crashes while walking), is the degree of automaticity of walking [3]. As such, a higher degree of automaticity would lead to a situation in which the control of walking would be less prone to be interfered by conditions in...
Source: Gait and Posture - August 27, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Daniel Hamacher, Dennis Hamacher, Mich èle Hohnbaum, Karsten Gerth, Lutz Schega, Astrid Zech Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Treadmill-based gait-slip training with reduced training volume could still prevent slip-related falls
Falls are a major cause of serious injury or worse in the elderly [1]. Backward falls resulting from slips account for up to 25% of hip fractures which constitute disastrous medical and socioeconomic consequences [2]. Considerable efforts have been dedicated to develop effective fall prevention interventions for older adults [3]. (Source: Gait and Posture)
Source: Gait and Posture - August 25, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Feng Yang, Patrick Cereceres, Mu Qiao Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
Association of walk ratio during normal gait speed and fall in community-dwelling elderly people
Up to 45% of elderly people in the community fall annually [1]. Falls cause injury and subsequent severe health problems [2]. Various risk factors for falling in older people have been identified [3]. Assessment of gait patterns may provide valuable information for identifying people at risk of falling, since poorer gait reflects a person ’s inability to compensate for decline in physiological and psychological function [4]. (Source: Gait and Posture)
Source: Gait and Posture - August 25, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Sho Nakakubo, Takehiko Doi, Hyuma Makizako, Kota Tsutsumimoto, Ryo Hotta, Satoshi Kurita, Minji Kim, Takao Suzuki, Hiroyuki Shimada Tags: Full length article Source Type: research
