A thorough characterisation of gait impairment in patients with Multiple Sclerosis
This study aimed to identify those characteristics that can reliably discriminate between the gait of patients with mild/moderate (mMS), and severe (sMS) MS and as such play a role as biomarkers of disease progression. (Source: Gait and Posture)
Source: Gait and Posture - October 1, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: L. Angelini, W. Hodgkinson, C. Smith, J.M. Dodd, H. Young, A. Radford, S. Kelly, J. Kemp, B. Sharrack, J. Ray, F. Storm, C. Mazz à, D. Paling Source Type: research
Application of confirmatory factor analysis to verify gait models in people with Parkinson's Disease
Introduction: Baropodometric walkways allow to easily measure a large number of spatial-temporal gait variables. In order to easily analyze gait in healthy subjects (HS), reducing the number of gait variables to be handled, models of gait that included from three to five different factors (e.g. “pace”, “rhythm”, “variability”) were validated through exploratory factor analysis [1–4]. Gait is a strong indicator of health, and poor gait is a predictor of risk of falls and mortality [5]. One of the major functional disabilities in people with Parkinson's Disease (PwPD) is gait d isorder. (Source: Gait and Posture)
Source: Gait and Posture - October 1, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: I. Arcolin, M. Godi, M. Giardini, A. Nardone, S. Corna Source Type: research
The association between prefrontal cortex activity and turning behaviors in people with and without freezing of gait
Introduction: A hallmark of mobility disability in Parkinson's disease (PD) is the significant conscious attention required to balance and walk, suggesting that the basal ganglia plays an important role in motor automaticity. For example, automatic control of walking while performing a concurrent secondary task (e.g. talking) (dual-task: DT) is impaired in PD. Therefore, PD impairments likely increase demand on the prefrontal cortex (PFC) to execute motor tasks via attentional processes. Turning impairments often appear before gait impairments and elicit most Freezing of Gait (FoG) episodes [1]. (Source: Gait and Posture)
Source: Gait and Posture - October 1, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: V. Belluscio, S. Stuart, E. Bergamini, G. Vannozzi, M. Mancini Source Type: research
Characterization of Motion Tracker wireless accuracy and analysis of error propagation in the INAIL Shoulder and Elbow Outpatient (ISEO) protocol
Introduction: Over the last decade, thanks to advances in micro-electromechanical sensors and orientation estimation algorithms, the use of inertial sensors in motion capture applications is increasing. However, their diffusion in an outpatient setting requires data accuracy, which depends on the sensors ’ motion characteristics [1]. The purpose of this work is to assess the errors due to the use of the MTw (Motion Tracker wireless, Xsens Technologies, NL) instead of an optoelectronic system (BTS SMART-DX 7000), in the measure of the upper limb kinematics using the protocol ISEO [2]. (Source: Gait and Posture)
Source: Gait and Posture - October 1, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: A. Berardi, M. Muraccini, A. Varini, M. Mantovani, A. Cappello Source Type: research
The impact of turning and dual task on freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease
Introduction: Turning is a challenging motor task, requiring bilateral limb coordination, dynamic balance control and anticipatory postural adjustments and it is often impaired in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). In addition turning, particularly for larger angle, is a trigger for Freezing of Gait (FoG) [1]. FoG is an episodic gait disturbance that most frequently occurs during postural transitions. Also, the presence of a concurrent cognitive task while walking (DT) has been found to elicit FoG in those subjects who freeze (FoG+). (Source: Gait and Posture)
Source: Gait and Posture - October 1, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: M. Bertoli, A. Cereatti, U. Della Croce, M. Mancini Source Type: research
Effect of height differences on reference values of postural sway in typically developing children: Should we refer to dimensional or to non-dimensional results?
Introduction: Recent literature highlighted the need of reference values for postural sway in children [1,2]. Only few studies reported numeric values for age categories and a considerable disagreement exists on the (non-)linearity of postural sway development [1]. Inertial sensors have been shown to be effective for evaluating postural sway in elderlies and pathological populations [3]. Given their portability, their use can support the definition of children postural sway reference values, facilitating the assessment and the monitoring of postural control development. (Source: Gait and Posture)
Source: Gait and Posture - October 1, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: M.C. Bisi, R. Stagni Source Type: research
Quantitative monitoring of preterm motor development trajectory: A preliminary study
Introduction: Preterm children have an increased risk of motor difficulties, with prevalence three times greater than in the general population [1]. Mild motor deficits are difficult to timely identify and can have long-term consequences, compromising physical function, academic achievement, and other health outcomes [1]. Objective evaluation of each child's motor development progress can play a key role for the identification of deficits/delays, facilitating referral to early intervention programs. (Source: Gait and Posture)
Source: Gait and Posture - October 1, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: M.C. Bisi, M. Fabbri, M. Manfredini, R. stagni Source Type: research
Comparison of four devices for spinal immobilization: Quantitative analysis of segmental mobility during immobilization procedure using wearable inertial sensors
Introduction: Spinal immobilization is the safest method to prevent lesions subsequent to trauma [1]. Despite being widely used, the most consolidated methods of spinal immobilization have limits [2] and rigorous scientific evidences for supporting the choice between the different available devices are missing [3]. In clinical practice, different and innovative devices are used for ensuring spinal immobilization, on the cervical tract in particular. However, still no effective way to prove their efficacy in minimizing segmental mobility have been designed; there are only scarce studies with different results [1,3]. (Source: Gait and Posture)
Source: Gait and Posture - October 1, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: M.C. Bisi, E. Farabegoli, E. Magnani, R. Stagni Source Type: research
An augmented reality based platform to measure gaze and gait
Introduction: Understanding interactions between gait and gaze is crucial for reducing the risk of falls especially in older adults (OA). Although healthy OA adopt a more conservative motor strategy than young adults when negotiating obstacles, contacts with obstacles while walking are more frequent, increasing the risk of falls [1]. Moreover, OA seem to priorities visual information regarding future obstacles instead of focusing on accurate execution/conclusion of the ongoing stepping actions [2]. (Source: Gait and Posture)
Source: Gait and Posture - October 1, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: T. Bonci, A. Cereatti, U. Della Croce Source Type: research
Effective mobility recovery after femoral neck fractures: The necessity of gait analysis in the immediate post-operative aftercare
Introduction: Due to the ageing population, the worldwide incidence of hip fractures will rise from 1.66 million in 1990 to 6.26 million by 2050. Loss of function is common after a hip fracture and patients experience difficulties in their return to society or to their previous habitat. Few studies have focused on functional outcome [1,2], and have only recorded general function [3,4]. We hypothesized that femoral neck fractures results in a characteristic recovery of gait pattern based on kinematic, kinetic and electromyographic variables. (Source: Gait and Posture)
Source: Gait and Posture - October 1, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: I. Bortone, N. Caringella, G. Lelli, F. Rifino, A. Di Candia, P. Fiore, B. Moretti Source Type: research
Spectral characterization of tremors using accelerometer and gyroscope inertial sensors
Introduction: Every human body has a tremor. The healthy condition (called basal tremor) is characterized by a low intensity shaking, whereas high intensity tremor might be pathologic or intentionally mimicked to simulate physical disability. The aim of this study is to characterize basal and mimicked tremors, using simultaneously accelerometer and gyroscope signals. Then, a machine learning approach has been applied to discriminate the two types of tremors and a new set of features is proposed. (Source: Gait and Posture)
Source: Gait and Posture - October 1, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: H. Briegas, R. Souss é, M. Conti, R. Jauregui, S. Balocco Source Type: research
Reliability of skin-markers based measures of medial longitudinal arch angle
Introduction: The medial longitudinal arch (MLA) is perhaps the single most important feature characterizing foot mechanics and morphology. In podiatry, shape and height of the MLA can be used to discriminate different foot types, whereas in biomechanics MLA deformation is associated to foot stiffness and foot capability to absorb and restore energy during dynamic activities. While stereophotogrammetry based on skin-markers can be used to estimate its static shape and deformation in gait, current definitions of MLA do not always appear consistent with foot anatomy, standard radiological measures (e.g. (Source: Gait and Posture)
Source: Gait and Posture - October 1, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: P. Caravaggi, M. Ortolani, A. Matias, U. Taddei, A. Leardini, I. Sacco Source Type: research
Fatigue-induced alterations of gait in Multiple Sclerosis through an instrumented 6-Minute Walk Test: A pilot study
Introduction: Fatigue is a common symptom in people with MS (PwMS), that contributes to reduce walking capacity [1]. Motor related fatigue is usually assessed using the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) and measuring the decline in distance walked from minute 1 to 6 [2]. Although widely used, this test does not provide objective information, other than speed, about fatigue-related deterioration of gait. For this purpose, optoelectronic kinematic analysis has been applied with good results [1]. However, inertial measurement units (IMUs) seem a promising alternative to obtain quantitative information directly in clinical settings, w...
Source: Gait and Posture - October 1, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: I. Carpinella, E. Gervasoni, D. Anastasi, M. Ferrarin, D. Cattaneo Source Type: research
A comparative accuracy analysis of five sensor fusion algorithms for orientation estimation using magnetic and inertial sensors
Introduction: Magnetic and Inertial Measurement Units (MIMUs) are extensively used in movement analysis. The absolute orientation of the MIMU can be estimated by fusing the information recorded by a tri-axial accelerometer, gyroscope, and magnetometer. The majority of the sensor fusion algorithms proposed in the literature are either based on Kalman filter or complementary filtering approaches. Despite the number of proposed formulations, no well-established conclusions about the best performing algorithms have been reached yet. (Source: Gait and Posture)
Source: Gait and Posture - October 1, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: M. Caruso, T. Bonci, M. Knaflitz, U. Della Croce, A. Cereatti Source Type: research
The single leg drop-landing before and after ACL surgery as biomechanical evaluation in élite athletes
Introduction: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures and damages occur when forces applied to the ligament are greater than the loads it can withstand [1]; in order to be effective, screening methods should be linked to ACL mechanical etiology [2], furthermore, ACL re-injury occurs in 6 –13% of ACL-reconstructed knees [3]. The most likely mechanisms causing ACL injuries have been identified as: excessive knee valgus rotation, knee internal rotation moments and large anterior tibial translation [1,3]. (Source: Gait and Posture)
Source: Gait and Posture - October 1, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: F. Cibin, D. Pavan, A. Guiotto, F. Spolaor, M. Cesana, E. Furlan, T. Casagrande, Z. Sawacha Source Type: research
