The cardiovascular changes underlying a low cardiac output with exercise in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
The significant morbidity and premature mortality of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is largely associated with its cardiovascular consequences. Focus has long been on the arterial atheromatosis of DM giving rise to early stroke and myocardial infarctions, whereas less attention has been given to its non-ischemic cardiovascular consequences. Irrespective of ischemic changes, T2DM is associated with heart failure (HF) most commonly with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Largely due to increasing population ages, hypertension, obesity and T2DM, HFpEF is becoming the most prevalent form of heart failure. Unfortunately, ran...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - March 20, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
A survey into the current fitness testing practices of elite male soccer practitioners: from assessment to communicating results
This study provides insight into the current fitness testing practices in elite male soccer. One hundred and two practitioners from professional soccer leagues across 24 countries completed an online survey comprising 29 questions, with five sections: a) background information, b) testing selection, c) testing implementation, d) data analysis, and e) data reporting. Frequency analysis was used to evaluate the responses to fixed response questions and thematic analysis was used for open-ended questions to generate clear and distinct themes. Strength (85%) and aerobic capacity (82%) represent the most frequently assessed phy...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - March 19, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Changes in salivary oxytocin in response to biologically-relevant events in farm animals: method optimization and usefulness as a biomarker
Although best known for its established role in mediating parturition and lactation, the highly-conserved neuropeptide hormone oxytocin also mediates a range of social and stress-buffering processes across mammalian species. Measurements of peripheral oxytocin in plasma have long been considered the gold standard, but there is increasing interest in developing methods to detect oxytocin non-invasively in saliva. Here we present an analytical and biological validation of a novel method to measure salivary oxytocin (sOXT) in an under-studied research group: farm animals. Given their similarities with humans in physiology and...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - March 19, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Electrical impedance tomography as a bedside assessment tool for COPD treatment during hospitalization
For patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the assessment of the treatment efficacy during hospitalization is of importance to the optimization of clinical treatments. Conventional spirometry might not be sensitive enough to capture the regional lung function development. The study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using electrical impedance tomography (EIT) as an objective bedside evaluation tool for the treatment of acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD). Consecutive patients who required hospitalization due to AECOPD were included prospectively. EIT measurements were conducted at the time of admissi...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - March 18, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Erratum: Regenerative calcium currents in renal primary cilia
(Source: Frontiers in Physiology)
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - March 18, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Pathophysiology of human hearing loss associated with variants in myosins
Deleterious variants of more than one hundred genes are associated with hearing loss including MYO3A, MYO6, MYO7A and MYO15A and two conventional myosins MYH9 and MYH14. Variants of MYO7A also manifest as Usher syndrome associated with dysfunction of the retina and vestibule as well as hearing loss. While the functions of MYH9 and MYH14 in the inner ear are debated, MYO3A, MYO6, MYO7A and MYO15A are expressed in inner ear hair cells along with class-I myosin MYO1C and are essential for developing and maintaining functional stereocilia on the apical surface of hair cells. Stereocilia are large, cylindrical, actin-rich protr...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - March 18, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Fibrosis modeling choice affects morphology of ventricular arrhythmia in non-ischemic cardiomyopathy
Conclusions: By demonstrating how fibrotic representation affects reentry morphology and location, our findings can aid model selection for simulating arrhythmogenesis in NICM. (Source: Frontiers in Physiology)
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - March 18, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Corrigendum: Fat oxidation rates and cardiorespiratory responses during exercise in different subject populations with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection: a comparison with normative percentile values
(Source: Frontiers in Physiology)
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - March 15, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Basal pancreatic secretion in a comparative aspect in poultry and rodents
(Source: Frontiers in Physiology)
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - March 15, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Novel 4th-generation phytase improves broiler growth performance and reduces woody breast severity through modulation of muscle glucose uptake and metabolism
In conclusion, this is the first report showing that in-feed supplementation of the novel phytase improves growth performance and reduces WB severity in broilers potentially through enhancement of glucose uptake, glycolysis, and intracellular ATP production, which used for muscle glycogenesis and protein synthesis. (Source: Frontiers in Physiology)
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - March 15, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Acute exposure to ultraviolet radiation targets proteins involved in collagen fibrillogenesis
This study employed a sensitive mass spectrometry technique (peptide location fingerprinting: PLF) which can identify structure associated differences following trypsin digestion to characterize the impact of UVR exposure on purified collagen I and tissue fibronectin and to identify UVR-susceptible proteins in an ECM-enriched proteome.Results: Using LC/MS-MS and PLF we show that purified mature type-I collagen is resistant to UVR, whereas purified tissue fibronectin is susceptible. UV irradiation of a human dermal fibroblast-deposited ECM-enriched proteome in vitro, followed by LC/MS-MS and PLF analysis revealed two protei...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - March 15, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
The regulatory role of m6A methylation modification in metabolic syndrome pathogenesis and progression
This study summarizes the m6A methylation regulators and their roles in metabolic syndrome development, highlighting the potential of m6A modification as a biomarker in metabolic disorders. (Source: Frontiers in Physiology)
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - March 14, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Exploring neonicotinoid effects on Drosophila: insights into olfactory memory, neurotransmission, and synaptic connectivity
This study focuses on the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, chosen for its genetic tractability, well-characterized neural circuitry, and remarkable parallels with bees in neurotransmitter systems and brain structures. Our aim is to establish the fruit fly as a valuable model organism for studying the effects of neonicotinoids on behavior and neuronal circuitry, with particular attention to olfactory memory and associated brain circuitries. To achieve this aim, we conducted experiments to investigate the effects of short-term exposure to sublethal doses of the neonicotinoid imidacloprid, mimicking realistic environmental ...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - March 14, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Clinical and physiological advances in sedentary behavior research
Sedentary behavior, defined as sitting with low energy expenditure, has emerged as a modifiable risk factor that affects our physiology and health. Evidence for the detrimental effects of sedentary behavior/physical inactivity on health, however, stems largely from epidemiological studies, which cannot address causalities. Acute and short-term sedentary behavior reduction interventions have been performed; however, in these studies, sitting has often been replaced by formal physical activity options, such as exercise, and long-term studies in subjects with cardiometabolic risk factors are still relatively few. We have rece...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - March 14, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
Evolution of world running record performances for men and women: physiological characteristics
Running world records (WRs) contain information about physiological characteristics that determine running performance. The progression of WRs over time encode the evolution of these characteristics. Here we demonstrate that a previously established model for running performance describes WRs since 1918 for men and since 1984 for women with high accuracy. The physiological parameters extracted from WR for each year are interpreted in terms of historical changes in training approaches and corresponding physiological adaptions, technological progress, social effects, and also the use of performance enhancing drugs. While the...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - March 13, 2024 Category: Physiology Source Type: research
