Prediction of pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation in locally advanced rectal cancer
ConclusionTumor volume and tumor differentiation have significant predictive values in preoperative assessment of pCR among LARC patients. These findings aid clinicians to discriminate those patients who may likely benefit from preoperative regimens and to make optimal treatment plans. (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - March 11, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Primary pure large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a case report and literature review
ConclusionsWe reviewed domestic and foreign literature and found no explicit treatment protocols exist for the disease. Surgical resection combined with chemotherapy were the most common treatments. Herein, we reported the first case of primary, pure LCNEC of the urinary bladder treated by radical cystectomy combined with pure immunotherapy, achieving sustained remission, which provides a new idea for the immunotherapy and integrative treatment of the disease. (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - March 11, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Numb cheek syndrome in breast cancer: a case report
ConclusionsOur case represents the first reported left numb cheek syndrome in association with breast cancer, due to maxillary neuropathy without any discrete mass or compressive cause. To avoid delays in diagnosing malignancy, physicians and surgeons should be aware that numb cheek syndrome can occur in association with an underlying malignancy, and that breast cancer should be counted amongst the possibilities. (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - March 11, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Case report: Immunotherapy in rare high TMB pancreatic acinar carcinoma
This case report details a patient with Pancreatic Acinar Cell Carcinoma (PACC), a rare malignancy with distinctive biological and imaging features. In the absence of standardized treatment protocols for PACC, we embarked on a diagnostic journey that led to the adoption of an innovative therapeutic regimen in our institution. A 45-year-old female patient presented with a pancreatic mass, which was histologically confirmed as PACC following a biopsy. Subsequent genomic profiling revealed a high tumor mutational burden (21.4/Mb), prompting the initiation of combined immunotherapy and targeted therapy. Notably, the patient ex...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - March 11, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Efficacy of osimertinib and the role of sequential liquid biopsy in patients diagnosed with NSCLC harboring EGFR and BRAF mutations at baseline: insights from two case reports
This report highlights two cases of patients diagnosed with metastatic NSCLC bearing concurrent EGFR and BRAF mutations at baseline and treated with osimertinib as first-line treatment. Molecular profiling was conducted in the tissue and plasma at the time of initial diagnosis, and subsequent repeated liquid biopsy examinations were planned after 10 days, 28 days, and at the time of radiological progression in the frame of the prospective translational study REM. These cases suggest that osimertinib may maintain its therapeutic effectiveness even in patients presenting with a baseline BRAF co-mutation. Notably, radiologica...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - March 11, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

A dynamic study of VEGF-A siDOX-EVs trafficking through the in-vitro insert co-culture blood-brain barrier model by digital holographic microscopy
Conclusionfolate-conjugation on the surface of EVs improves their trafficking through the blood-brain barrier and by using digital holographic microscopy analysis, we could directly assess the morphometric changes of the blood-brain barrier cells for pharmacological purposes as an easy, label-free, and real-time analysis. (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - March 11, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Corrigendum: Ribosomal protein L23 drives the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma via upregulating MMP9
(Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - March 8, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Surgical, oncologic, and obstetric outcomes of radical trachelectomy in early-stage cervical cancer: results from a retrospective cohort study at Brazil National Cancer Institute
ConclusionRadical trachelectomy is a feasible procedure presenting good oncological results and acceptable pregnancy rates. (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - March 8, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Rim enhancement of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: investigating the relationship with DCE-MRI-based radiomics and next-generation sequencing
ConclusionRim enhancement of PDAC is associated with KRAS VAF derived from NGS-based genetic information. For predicting the KRAS VAF status in PDAC, a radiomics model based on DCE maps showed promising results. (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - March 8, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Case report: Metastatic choriocarcinoma in the second trimester of a viable pregnancy with successful delivery and outcome after chemotherapy
Metastatic choriocarcinoma during viable pregnancy is rare worldwide, and neonate survival following pregnancy termination in the second trimester is uncommon. Here, we report the successful delivery of a pregnancy by a patient with metastatic choriocarcinoma, who received three courses of etoposide, methotrexate, actinomycin D, cyclophosphamide, and vincristine (EMA-CO) chemotherapy in the second trimester. After multidisciplinary discussions, she was administered paclitaxel and carboplatin (TC) chemotherapy. Regular contractions occurred during her first paclitaxel infusion, and a healthy infant was delivered by cesarean...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - March 8, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Frontline pembrolizumab monotherapy for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer with PD-L1 expression ≥50%: real-world outcomes in a US community oncology setting
ConclusionConsistent with findings from KEYNOTE-024 and other real-world studies, this study demonstrates the long-term effectiveness of pembrolizumab monotherapy as 1L treatment for mNSCLC with PD-L1 TPS ≥50%. Among patients who completed ≥17 cycles, nearly half completed ≥35 cycles. Disease progression and toxicity were the most common reasons for discontinuation among patients who received 17-34 cycles of pembrolizumab. Reasons for discontinuation beyond 35 cycles need further exploration. (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - March 8, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Benign Brenner tumor of the ovary: two-dimensional and contrast-enhanced ultrasound features —a retrospective study from a single center
ConclusionsBBT can show ovarian cystic, mixed cystic and solid type, and solid echo in 2D ultrasound. Unilateral ovarian fibrosis with punctate calcification is an important feature of BBT in 2D ultrasound. However, for solid adnexal masses and mixed cystic and solid masses with unclear diagnosis, if CEUS shows isoenhancement or hyperenhancement, the possibility of BBT cannot be excluded. (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - March 8, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Case report: Exceptional and durable response to Radium-223 and suspension of androgen deprivation therapy in a metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patient
Despite the development of new therapies in the last few years, metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) is still a lethal disease. Radium-223 (Ra-223) is approved for patients with advanced castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) with bone metastases and no visceral disease. However, patients’ outcomes are heterogenous, and there is lack of validated predictive biomarkers of response, while biomarkers for early identification of patients who benefit from treatment are limited. This case report describes a remarkable and durable response to Ra-223 in a CRPC patient with bone metastases who had rapidly progressed to many prev...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - March 8, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Role and potential therapeutic value of histone methyltransferases in drug resistance mechanisms in lung cancer
Lung cancer, ranking second globally in both incidence and high mortality among common malignant tumors, presents a significant challenge with frequent occurrences of drug resistance despite the continuous emergence of novel therapeutic agents. This exacerbates disease progression, tumor recurrence, and ultimately leads to poor prognosis. Beyond acquired resistance due to genetic mutations, mounting evidence suggests a critical role of epigenetic mechanisms in this process. Numerous studies have indicated abnormal expression of Histone Methyltransferases (HMTs) in lung cancer, with the abnormal activation of certain HMTs c...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - March 8, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

The systemic oxidative stress score has a prognostic value on gastric cancer patients undergoing surgery
ConclusionSOS is a practical and reasonably priced tool for determining a patient’s prognosis for gastric cancer. More notably, SOS is an accurate prognostic factor for patients with advanced gastric cancer who has undergone radical surgery. (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - March 8, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research