High synthetic cost-amino acids reduce member interactions of acetate-degrading methanogenic microbial community
DiscussionThese findings highlight the effects of AAs availability on the interactions among members of complex microbial communities, as well as on community function. (Source: Frontiers in Microbiology)
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 28, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Genotyping of Leptospira spp. in wild rats leads to first time detection of L. kirshneri serovar Mozdok in Serbia
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and molecular characterization of Leptospira species in Belgrade, Serbia, an area where this disease is underexplored. Specifically, the study sought to employ molecular and multilocus sequence typing analyses to fill the gap in understanding the diversity and distribution of Leptospira species within the region.MethodsA comprehensive molecular analysis was conducted on kidney samples obtained from Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) in the urban environment. The study utilized molecular diagnostic techniques including real-time PCR targeting the lipL32 gene and performing sequenc...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 28, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
COVID-19 trends at the University of Tennessee: predictive insights from raw sewage SARS-CoV-2 detection and evaluation and PMMoV as an indicator for human waste
This study aims to contribute insights into these aspects by conducting an academic-year field trial at the student residences on the University of Tennessee, Knoxville campus, raw sewage. This was done to investigate the correlations between SARS-CoV-2 RNA load, both with and without PMMoV normalization, and various parameters, including active COVID-19 cases, self-isolations, and their combination among all student residents. Significant positive correlations between SARS-CoV-2 RNA load a week prior, during the monitoring week, and the subsequent week with active cases. Despite these correlations, normalization by PMMoV ...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 28, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Recent advances in host-focused molecular tools for investigating host-gut microbiome interactions
Microbial communities in the human gut play a significant role in regulating host gene expression, influencing a variety of biological processes. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying host-microbe interactions, tools that can dissect signaling networks are required. In this review, we discuss recent advances in molecular tools used to study this interplay, with a focus on those that explore how the microbiome regulates host gene expression. These tools include CRISPR-based whole-body genetic tools for deciphering host-specific genes involved in the interaction process, Cre-loxP based tissue/cell-specific gene e...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 28, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Diverse animal models for Chlamydia infections: unraveling pathogenesis through the genital and gastrointestinal tracts
Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for infections in various mucosal tissues, including the eyes, urogenital, respiratory, and gastrointestinal tracts. Chronic infections can result in severe consequences such as blindness, ectopic pregnancy, and infertility. The underlying mechanisms leading to these diseases involve sustained inflammatory responses, yet thorough comprehension of the underlying mechanisms remains elusive. Chlamydial biologists employ in multiple methods, integrating biochemistry, cell biology, and genetic tools to identify bacterial factors crucial for host cell interactions. While numerous animal model...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 28, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Screening for potential warning biomarkers in cows with ketosis based on host –microbiota co-metabolism analysis
ConclusionKetotic cows experienced bile acid metabolism disorders 7 days before calving, and the gut microbiota was closely related to bile acid metabolism disorders. Future studies should investigate the relationship between secondary bile acids and the development of ketosis. (Source: Frontiers in Microbiology)
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 28, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Relationships among gut microbiota, plasma metabolites, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a mediation Mendelian randomization study
ConclusionOur study confirms a causal relationship between specific microbial genus and juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and computes the proportion of the effect mediated by plasma metabolites, offering novel insights for clinical interventions in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. (Source: Frontiers in Microbiology)
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 28, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Optimization of flavanonols heterologous biosynthesis in Streptomyces albidoflavus, and generation of auronols
This study addresses the significance of culture time optimization and selection of appropriate enzymes depending on the desired final product. To our knowledge, this is the first time that alphitonin de novo production has been accomplished. (Source: Frontiers in Microbiology)
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 28, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5 variants in Shanghai after ending the zero-COVID policy in December 2022: a clinical and genomic analysis
DiscussionFurther in vitro to in vivo studies are needed to verify the role of these specific mutations in viral fitness. In addition, continuous genomic monitoring and clinical manifestation assessments of the emerging variants will still be crucial for the effective responses to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. (Source: Frontiers in Microbiology)
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 28, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
DNA damage response and cell cycle regulation in bacteria: a twist around the paradigm
In this study, we present the perspectives that bacteria may have other mechanisms of DNA damage response and cell cycle regulation mediated by bacterial eukaryotic type Ser/Thr protein kinases as an alternate to the canonical SOS response and herewith elaborate on them with a well-studied example in the radioresistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans. (Source: Frontiers in Microbiology)
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 28, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Anaplasma, Bartonella, and Rickettsia infections in Daurian ground squirrels (Spermophilus dauricus), Hebei, China
In this study, 165 spleen samples of Daurian ground squirrels (Spermophilus dauricus) were collected from Weichang Manchu and the Mongolian Autonomous County of Hebei Province, China, and Rickettsia, Bartonella, and Anaplasma were identified by DNA detection using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Sequence analysis identified eight bacterial pathogens: R. raoultii, R. sibirica, Candidatus R. longicornii, B. washoensis, B. grahamii, B. jaculi, A. capra, and Candidatus Anaplasma cinensis. Co-infection of B. grahamii and R. raoultii in one sample was observed. Our results demonstrated the genetic diversity of bacteria in Dauri...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 28, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Toxicity, physiological response, and biosorption mechanism of Dunaliella salina to copper, lead, and cadmium
DiscussionAttributing to the brilliant biosorption capacity, Dunaliella salina may be developed to be an excellent adsorbent for heavy metals. (Source: Frontiers in Microbiology)
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 28, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Ribosomal mutations enable a switch between high fitness and high stress resistance in Listeria monocytogenes
Multiple stress resistant variants of Listeria monocytogenes with mutations in rpsU encoding ribosomal protein RpsU have previously been isolated after a single exposure to acid stress. These variants, including L. monocytogenes LO28 variant V14 with a complete deletion of the rpsU gene, showed upregulation of the general stress sigma factor Sigma B-mediated stress resistance genes and had a lower maximum specific growth rate than the LO28 WT, signifying a trade-off between stress resistance and fitness. In the current work V14 has been subjected to an experimental evolution regime, selecting for higher fitness in two para...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 28, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Study on the effectiveness of sulfate-reducing bacteria to remove Pb(II) and Zn(II) in tailings and acid mine drainage
In view of water and soil getting polluted by Pb(II), Zn(II), and other heavy metals in tailings and acid mine drainage (AMD), we explored the removal effect of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) on Pb(II), Zn(II), and other pollutants in solution and tailings based on the microbial treatment technology. We used the scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF), to reveal the mechanism of SRB treatment of tailings. The results showed that SRB had a strong removal capacity for Zn(II) at 0–40 mg/L; however, Zn(II) at 60–100 mg/L inhibited the gro...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 28, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Utilization of CRISPR-Cas genome editing technology in filamentous fungi: function and advancement potentiality
Filamentous fungi play a crucial role in environmental pollution control, protein secretion, and the production of active secondary metabolites. The evolution of gene editing technology has significantly improved the study of filamentous fungi, which in the past was laborious and time-consuming. But recently, CRISPR-Cas systems, which utilize small guide RNA (sgRNA) to mediate clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated proteins (Cas), have demonstrated considerable promise in research and application for filamentous fungi. The principle, function, and classification of CRISPR-C...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 28, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
