Targeted cultivation of diatoms in mariculture wastewater by nutrient regulation and UV-C irradiation
This study first examined growth of four diatom species (Nitzschia closterium, Chaetoceros muelleri, Cyclotella atomus, and Conticribra weissflogii) in mariculture wastewater. C. muelleri and C. weissflogii demonstrated better adaptability compared to N. closterium and C. atomus. Additionally, the growth and nutrient utilization of C. muelleri were studied under varying concentrations of silicate, phosphate, ammonium, and trace elements in wastewater. Optimal growth was observed at 500 μmol/L silicate, 0.6 mg/L phosphate, and 4 mg/L ammonium. Ammonium proved to be a more effective nitrogen source than urea and nitra...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 13, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Mapping the tRNA modification landscape of Bartonella henselae Houston I and Bartonella quintana Toulouse
In this study, we employed a multidisciplinary approach, incorporating comparative genomics, mass spectrometry, and next-generation sequencing, to predict the set of tRNA modification genes responsible for tRNA maturation in two intracellular pathogens—Bartonella henselae Houston I and Bartonella quintana Toulouse, which are causative agents of cat-scratch disease and trench fever, respectively. This analysis presented challenges, particularly because of host RNA contamination, which served as a potential source of error. However, our approach predicted 26 genes responsible for synthesizing 23 distinct tRNA modifications...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 13, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Preventing microbe colonization on avocado (Persea nubigena var. guatemalensis) through metabiotic treatment, a promising postharvest safety improvement
ConclusionThese results suggest that the active metabolites from LAB strains might create a barrier between the exocarp and mesocarp, inhibiting the microorganisms colonization, reducing fruit damage, and lengthening the fruit quality and safety after harvest. (Source: Frontiers in Microbiology)
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 13, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Desirable L-asparaginases for treating cancer and current research trends
Amino acid depletion therapy is a promising approach for cancer treatment. It exploits the differences in the metabolic processes between healthy and cancerous cells. Certain microbial enzymes induce cancer cell apoptosis by removing essential amino acids. L-asparaginase is an enzyme approved by the FDA for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The enzymes currently employed in clinics come from two different sources: Escherichia coli and Erwinia chrysanthemi. Nevertheless, the search for improved enzymes and other sources continues because of several factors, including immunogenicity, in vivo instability, and pro...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 13, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Exploring the microbial ecosystem of Berchemia polyphylla var. leioclada: a comprehensive analysis of endophytes and rhizospheric soil microorganisms
This study elucidates the diversity and interplay of endophytic and rhizospheric microorganisms in Berchemia polyphylla var. leioclada across diverse geographical regions, providing insights crucial for the plant’s conservation and development. (Source: Frontiers in Microbiology)
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 13, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Responses of soil bacterial communities and maize yields to sulfur application across four soil types
This study assessed the effects of S application on maize yields and soil bacterial communities across four sites with different soil types and three S application rates (0 kg ha-1, 30 kg ha-1, and 90 kg ha-1).MethodsChanges in soil properties, bacterial community diversity, structure, and their contributions to maize production were evaluated post-S application treatments.Results(1) S application decreased soil pH, increased available sulfur (AS), and boosted maize yields in all soil types. (2) Reduced Chao1 and Shannon diversity indices were observed in black soil after S application. (3) Bacterial community structure wa...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 13, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Changes in the bacterial communities of Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in response to long-term cold storage and progressive loss of egg viability in cold-stored beetles
In this study, we observed a great decrease in egg hatch rate of cold-stored Harmonia axyridis during the later oviposition periods. Furthermore, most eggs produced by their F1 offspring exhibited complete loss of hatchability. We hypothesized that long-term exposure to cold may greatly alter the bacterial community within the reproductive tracts of H. axyridis, which may be an important factor contributing to the loss of egg viability. Through sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, we discovered considerable changes in the bacterial structure within the reproductive tracts of female cold-stored beetles (LCS_F) compared to non-s...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 12, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Endophytic Aspergillus hiratsukae mediated biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles and their antimicrobial and photocatalytic activities
In conclusion, Ag-NPs were successfully biosynthesized using endophytic A. hiratsukae and also exhibited antimicrobial and photocatalytic activities that can be used in environmental applications. (Source: Frontiers in Microbiology)
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 12, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Effects of aeration modes and rates on nitrogen conversion and bacterial community in composting of dehydrated sludge and corn straw
This study is aimed to compare the effects of different aeration modes (continuous and intermittent) and aeration rate on nitrogen conversion and bacterial community in composting from dehydrated sludge and corn straw. Results showed that the intermittent aeration mode at same aeration volume was superior to the continuous aeration mode in terms of NH3 emission reduction, nitrogen conversion and germination index (GI) improvement. Intermittent aeration mode with 1200 L/h (aeration 5 min, stop 15 min) [K5T15 (V1200)] and 300 L/h of continuous aeration helped to the conservation of nitrogen fractions and accelerate the compo...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 12, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Integrating transcriptomics and metabolomics to analyze the defense response of Morus notabilis to mulberry ring rot disease
This study underscores the significance of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway in M. notabilis’ defense response against mulberry ring rot disease, offering a theoretical foundation for disease control measures. (Source: Frontiers in Microbiology)
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 12, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Maintaining the native gut microbiota of bharal (Pseudois nayaur) is crucial in ex situ conservation
This study utilized 16S rRNA sequencing of fecal samples to investigate the composition, function, and changes of the gut microbiota of bharal in different environments, seasons, and genders. The results showed that Firmicutes and Bacteroidota were the dominant phyla and UCG-005, Bacteroides, UCG-010 were the dominant genera of bharal. In the wild, the abundance of Firmicutes increased which was conducive to the decomposition and utilization of cellulose, hemicellulose, and carbohydrate. Due to the variety of food types and nutrition in different seasons, the composition and function of gut microbiota were obviously differ...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 12, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Evaluation of the control efficacy of antagonistic bacteria from V-Ti magnetite mine tailings on kiwifruit brown spots in pot and field experiments
This study demonstrated for the first time that there are some antagonistic bacteria to pathogenic C. cassiicola in V-Ti magnetite mine tailings, and Bacillus sp. KT10 was found to have a good control effect on kiwifruit brown leaf spots in pots and fields, which provided an effective biological control measurement for kiwifruit brown leaf spots. (Source: Frontiers in Microbiology)
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 12, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
A single point mutation in the Listeria monocytogenes ribosomal gene rpsU enables SigB activation independently of the stressosome and the anti-sigma factor antagonist RsbV
Microbial population heterogeneity leads to different stress responses and growth behavior of individual cells in a population. Previously, a point mutation in the rpsU gene (rpsUG50C) encoding ribosomal protein S21 was identified in a Listeria monocytogenes LO28 variant, which leads to increased multi-stress resistance and a reduced maximum specific growth rate. However, the underlying mechanisms of these phenotypic changes remain unknown. In L. monocytogenes, the alternative sigma factor SigB regulates the general stress response, with its activation controlled by a series of Rsb proteins, including RsbR1 and anti-sigma ...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 12, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Zero budget natural farming components Jeevamrit and Beejamrit augment Spinacia oleracea L. (spinach) growth by ameliorating the negative impacts of the salt and drought stress
The growth of crop plants, particularly spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), can be significantly impeded by salinity and drought. However, pre-treating spinach plants with traditional biofertilizers like Jeevamrit and Beejamrit (JB) substantially reverses the salinity and drought-induced inhibitory effects. Hence, this study aims to elucidate the underlying mechanisms that govern the efficacy of traditional fertilizers. The present work employed comprehensive biochemical, physiological, and molecular approaches to investigate the processes by which JB alleviates abiotic stress. The JB treatment effectively boosts spinach growt...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 12, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Super resolution-based methodology for self-supervised segmentation of microscopy images
In this study, we propose the use of recent ML-based image super-resolution (SR) techniques for improving the image quality of microscopy images, incorporating them into multiple ML-based image analysis tasks, and describing a comprehensive study, investigating the impact of SR techniques on the segmentation of microscopy images. The impacts of four Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)- and transformer-based SR techniques on microscopy image quality are measured using three well-established quality metrics. These SR techniques are incorporated into multiple deep network pipelines using supervised, contrastive, and non-cont...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - March 12, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
