Compensatory increase in ipsilesional supplementary motor area and premotor connectivity is associated with greater gait impairments: a personalized fMRI analysis in chronic stroke
ConclusionThe increased FC between the ipsilesional SMA and premotor regions could be a compensatory mechanism within the motor network following a stroke when the individual can presumably no longer rely on the more precise CST modulation of movements to produce a healthy walking pattern. These findings enhance our understanding of individualized motor network FC changes and their connection to gait and walking balance impairments post-stroke, improving stroke rehabilitation interventions. (Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience)
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - February 29, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Maternal hsa-miR-423-5p associated with the cognitive development of babies in pregnant women without mental disorders
ConclusionIn this context, it is suggested to use this miRNA as a biomarker of child neurocognitive development detectable in the prenatal period, thus allowing the planning of early interventions. (Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience)
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - February 29, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Association of brain –autonomic activities and task accuracy under cognitive load: a pilot study using electroencephalogram, autonomic activity measurements, and arousal level estimated by machine learning
The total amount of mental activity applied to working memory at a given point in time is called cognitive load, which is an important factor in various activities in daily life. We have proposed new feature quantities that reflect the time-series changes in the power of typical frequency bands in electroencephalogram (EEG) for use in examining the relationship between brain activity and behavior under cognitive load. We also measured heart rate variability (HRV) and spontaneous skin conductance responses (SCR) to examine functional associations among brain activity, autonomic activity, and behavior under cognitive load. A...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - February 29, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Slowing gait during turning: how volition of modifying walking speed affects the gait pattern in healthy adults
BackgroundTurning during walking and volitionally modulating walking speed introduces complexity to gait and has been minimally explored.Research questionHow do the spatiotemporal parameters vary between young adults walking at a normal speed and a slower speed while making 90°, 180°, and 360° turns?MethodsIn a laboratory setting, the spatiotemporal parameters of 10 young adults were documented as they made turns at 90°, 180°, and 360°. A generalized linear model was utilized to determine the effect of both walking speed and turning amplitude.ResultsYoung adults volitionally reducing their walking speed while turning...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - February 29, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Active recharge biphasic stimulation for the intraoperative monopolar review in deep brain stimulation
ConclusionsBoth intraoperative active recharge and passive recharge stimulation were well-correlated with the monopolar review at the first programming visit. No statistically significant differences were observed suggesting that either passive or active recharge may be utilized intraoperatively. (Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience)
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - February 28, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
The neuronal basis of human creativity
Human creativity is a powerful cognitive ability underlying all uniquely human cultural and scientific advancement. However, the neuronal basis of this creative ability is unknown. Here, I propose that slow, spontaneous fluctuations in neuronal activity, also known as “resting state” fluctuations, constitute a universal mechanism underlying all facets of human creativity. Support for this hypothesis is derived from experiments that directly link spontaneous fluctuations and verbal creativity. Recent experimental and modeling advances in our understanding of the spontaneous fluctuations offer an explanation for the dive...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - February 27, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Editorial: Rising stars in motor neuroscience 2023
(Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience)
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - February 27, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
A method for synchronized use of EEG and eye tracking in fully immersive VR
This study explores the synchronization of multimodal physiological data streams, in particular, the integration of electroencephalography (EEG) with a virtual reality (VR) headset featuring eye-tracking capabilities. A potential use case for the synchronized data streams is demonstrated by implementing a hybrid steady-state visually evoked potential (SSVEP) based brain-computer interface (BCI) speller within a fully immersive VR environment. The hardware latency analysis reveals an average offset of 36 ms between EEG and eye-tracking data streams and a mean jitter of 5.76 ms. The study further presents a proof of concept ...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - February 26, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Management of essential tremor deep brain stimulation-induced side effects
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an effective surgical therapy for carefully selected patients with medication refractory essential tremor (ET). The most popular anatomical targets for ET DBS are the ventral intermedius nucleus (VIM) of the thalamus, the caudal zona incerta (cZI) and the posterior subthalamic area (PSA). Despite extensive knowledge in DBS programming for tremor suppression, it is not uncommon to experience stimulation induced side effects related to DBS therapy. Dysarthria, dysphagia, ataxia, and gait impairment are common stimulation induced side effects from modulation of brain tissue that surround the ta...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - February 22, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Neuroimaging and neuromodulation of invisible symptoms in multiple sclerosis
(Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience)
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - February 22, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Editorial: Advances in neuroimaging and its applications on biomedical devices
(Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience)
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - February 22, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Case report: An N-of-1 study using amplitude modulated transcranial alternating current stimulation between Broca's area and the right homotopic area to improve post-stroke aphasia with increased inter-regional synchrony
Over one-third of stroke survivors develop aphasia, and language dysfunction persists for the remainder of their lives. Brain language network changes in patients with aphasia. Recently, it has been reported that phase synchrony within a low beta-band (14–19 Hz) frequency between Broca's area and the homotopic region of the right hemisphere is positively correlated with language function in patients with subacute post-stroke aphasia, suggesting that synchrony is important for language recovery. Here, we employed amplitude-modulated transcranial alternating current stimulation (AM-tACS) to enhance synchrony within the low...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - February 22, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Editorial: Immersive technology and ambient intelligence for assistive living, medical, and healthcare solutions
(Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience)
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - February 21, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Proceedings of the 11th Annual Deep Brain Stimulation Think Tank: pushing the forefront of neuromodulation with functional network mapping, biomarkers for adaptive DBS, bioethical dilemmas, AI-guided neuromodulation, and translational advancements
The Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) Think Tank XI was held on August 9–11, 2023 in Gainesville, Florida with the theme of “Pushing the Forefront of Neuromodulation”. The keynote speaker was Dr. Nico Dosenbach from Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri. He presented his research recently published in Nature inn a collaboration with Dr. Evan Gordon to identify and characterize the somato-cognitive action network (SCAN), which has redefined the motor homunculus and has led to new hypotheses about the integrative networks underpinning therapeutic DBS. The DBS Think Tank was founded in 2012 and provides an open platfo...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - February 21, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Human brain activity and functional connectivity associated with verbal long-term memory consolidation across 1 month
We examined whole-brain changes in retrieval-related brain activity, as well as functional connectivity of the hippocampus and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), as memories aged from 1 hour to 1 month. Secondary analyses minimized the effect of confounding factors affected by memory age (i.e., changes in confidence and response time or re-encoding of targets).ResultsMemory accuracy, confidence ratings, and response times changed with memory age. A memory age network was identified where retrieval-related brain activity in cortical regions increased or decreased as a function of memory age. Hippocampal brain activity ...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - February 21, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
