The California Cognitive Assessment Battery (CCAB)
DiscussionThe CCAB holds the promise of providing scalable laboratory-quality neurodiagnostic assessments to underserved urban, exurban, and rural populations. (Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience)
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - January 11, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Online group therapies for anxiety, obsessive-compulsive, and trauma-related disorders: a systematic review
ConclusionThere is evidence supporting the effectiveness of online group treatments for SAD and PTSD. Further studies from different research groups may be needed to replicate the use of these and other forms of online treatments in individuals with SAD, PTSD, and other clinical populations, such as OCD, panic disorder, agoraphobia and specific phobias.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023408491. (Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience)
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - January 11, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Influence of monaural auditory stimulation combined with music on brain activity
DiscussionThis state is considered similar to the “totonou” state, which manifests in physical and mental feelings of relaxation, pleasure, and mental clarity in the sauna. Thus, the present research proposes a convenient method for achieving relaxation, opening an avenue for individuals to customize their “totonou” music based on personal preferences. (Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience)
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - January 11, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Attentional bias to threat is modulated by stimulus content: an fNIRS study
People are evolutionarily predisposed to associate threat relevant stimuli with fear or aversiveness and show an attentional bias toward threat. Attentional bias modification (ABM) has been shown to reduce threat biases, while quantitative reviews assessing the effectiveness of bias modification yielded inconsistent results. The current study examined the relationship between the training effect of attentional bias to threat and the type of threatening stimuli. Twenty-two participants performed a modified dot-probe task while undergoing functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) imaging. Results indicated that there was...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - January 11, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Neural underpinnings of the interplay between actual touch and action imagination in social contexts
While there is established evidence supporting the involvement of the sense of touch in various actions, the neural underpinnings of touch and action interplay in a social context remain poorly understood. To prospectively investigate this phenomenon and offer further insights, we employed a combination of motor and sensory components by asking participants to imagine exerting force with the index finger while experiencing their own touch, the touch of one another individual, the touch of a surface, and no touch. Based on the assumption that the patterns of activation in the motor system are similar when action is imagined...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - January 11, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Influence of mild cognitive impairment on clinical and functional prognosis in older candidates for cardiac surgery
ConclusionThe present study provides clue on the impact of MCI in candidates for cardiac surgery. Preoperative detection of cognitive impairment could be highly valuable to help guide pre- and post-operative management. (Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience)
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - January 11, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Alterations of spontaneous brain activity in type 2 diabetes mellitus without mild cognitive impairment: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance study
ConclusionThe combination of ALFF, ReHo and VMHC analyses demonstrated abnormal spontaneous neural activity in brain regions which were reported in T2DM patients without cognitive impairment. These results may enhance our understanding of the diabetic brain changes at the early stage. (Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience)
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - January 11, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Gamma music: a new acoustic stimulus for gamma-frequency auditory steady-state response
In this study, we proposed a new form of gamma stimulation, called gamma music, combining 40 Hz auditory stimuli and music. This gamma music consists of drums, bass, and keyboard sounds, each containing a 40 Hz frequency oscillation. Since 40 Hz stimuli are known to induce an auditory steady-state response (ASSR), we used the 40 Hz power and phase locking index (PLI) as indices of neural activity during sound stimulation. We also recorded subjective ratings of each sound through a questionnaire using a visual analog scale. The gamma music, gamma drums, gamma bass, and gamma keyboard sounds showed significantly higher value...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - January 11, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Written discourse in diagnosis for acquired neurogenic communication disorders: current evidence and future directions
ConclusionDifferences in linguistic features by patient populations are not yet clear due to the limited number of studies and different measures and tasks used across the studies. Nevertheless, there is substantial evidence of numerous linguistic features in acquired neurogenic communication disorders that depart from those of healthy controls. Compared to the controls, people with aphasia tend to produce fewer words, and syntactically simpler utterances compared to the controls. People with Alzheimer’s disease produce less information content, and this feature increases over time, as reported in longitudinal studies. O...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - January 11, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Editorial: Effects of physical exercise on brain and cognitive functioning, volume II
(Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience)
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - January 9, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Absence of modulatory effects of 6Hz cerebellar transcranial alternating current stimulation on fear learning in men
In this study, we investigated the effects of cerebellar theta band transcranial alternating current stimulation (ctACS) administered during fear extinction training, based on previous evidence from animal studies suggesting a role of cerebellar theta oscillations in associative memory formation. To this end, thirty-seven healthy right-handed male participants were recruited for a two-day differential fear renewal paradigm. On day 1, they underwent acquisition training in context A followed by extinction training in context B. On day 2, recall was tested in contexts A and B. One group of participants received ctACS in the ...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - January 9, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Analysis of muscle synergy and gait kinematics during regain of gait function through rehabilitation in a monoplegic patient
ConclusionThe number of muscle synergies is considered to contribute to motor control. Rehabilitation training improves gait by increasing the number of muscle synergies on the paretic side and changing the weights of the muscles constituting the muscle synergies. From the changes on the non-paretic side, we propose the existence of compensatory mechanisms also on the non-paretic side. In muscle synergy analysis, in addition to the filters, the number of strides used in each analysis set has to be examined. This report highlights the issues of NNMF as analytical methods in gait training for stroke patients. (Source: Fronti...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - January 9, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Enhancing spatial navigation skills in mild cognitive impairment patients: a usability study of a new version of ANTaging software
This study sheds light on the potential of semi-immersive VR in aiding individuals with MCI, paving the way for enhanced spatial navigation interventions. (Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience)
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - January 8, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Influence of sport expertise in facilitating and inhibiting the recognition of the opponent ’s intentions in sailing
Starting from the proposed role of the mirror neuron system in the recognition of the intention underlying the actions of others, an experimental paradigm was implemented to test the role of sailing motor expertise in predicting the outcome of a competitor’s action. It was hypothesized that subjects with experience in sailing would correctly interpret the maneuver performed due to the activation of domain specific motor representations of the same movements and that subjects who practiced a sport different from sailing would perform worse because of the activation of irrelevant motor patterns. For doing so, a series of v...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - January 8, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Secondary outcomes of enhanced cognitive behavioral therapy (eCBT) for children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder
ConclusionA significant reduction was observed in all secondary outcomes employed and OCD-related functional impairments from baseline to post-treatment, which was maintained through 12-month follow-up. These results imply that after receiving eCBT, children and adolescents experienced substantial decrease in the negative impacts of OCD-related symptoms on their daily life, including home, school, and social interactions. (Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience)
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - January 8, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research