Global transcriptome analysis reveals Salmonella Typhimurium employs nitrate metabolism to combat bile stress
This study identifies transcriptional responses in bile-tolerant WT and bile-sensitive ΔcspE. Upregulation of several genes involved in nitrate metabolism was observed, includingfnr, a global regulator of nitrate metabolism. Notably, Δfnr was susceptible to bile stress. Also, complementation withfnr lowered reactive oxygen species and enhanced the survival of bile-sensitive ΔcspE. Importantly, intracellular nitrite amounts were highly induced in bile-treated WT compared to ΔcspE. Also, the WT strain pre-treated with nitrate displayed better growth with bile. These results demonstrate that nitrate-dependent metabolism p...
Source: FEBS Letters - March 20, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Madhulika Singh,
Deepti Chandra,
Sirisha Jagdish,
Dipankar Nandi Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Drosophila germ granules are assembled from protein components through different modes of competing interactions with the multi ‐domain Tudor protein
Protein components of the germ granules, Aubergine (Aub) and Pyruvate Kinase (PyK), use different modes to associate with Tudor (Tud) protein, which contains 11 Tud domains. Aub binds to a single Tud domain and PyK requires two Tud domains. Aub and PyK compete for binding to Tudin vitro and form separate clusters within a granulein vivo, thereby minimizing the competition. Membraneless organelles are RNA –protein assemblies which have been implicated in post-transcriptional control. Germ cells form membraneless organelles referred to as germ granules, which contain conserved proteins including Tudor domain-containing sca...
Source: FEBS Letters - March 19, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Wahiduzzaman,
Samuel J. Tindell,
Emma Alexander,
Ethan Hackney,
Kabita Kharel,
Ryan Schmidtke,
Alexey L. Arkov Tags: Research Letter Source Type: research
Inflammasomes in epithelial innate immunity: front line warriors
Strategically placed, our epithelium plays an essential role in maintaining and guarding tissue homeostasis. One key set of defense mechanisms is represented by our inflammasomes, which sense and respond to pathogen attack, through the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This review will focus on how the inflammasomes, our front-line warriors, maintain our skin, respiratory, and gut epithelial barrier immunity. Our epithelium represents a battle ground against a variety of insults including pathogens and danger signals. It encodes multiple sensors that detect and respond to such insults, playing an essential role in m...
Source: FEBS Letters - March 15, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Kim Samirah Robinson,
Dave Boucher Tags: Review Source Type: research
Macromolecular crowding has opposite effects on two critical sub ‐steps of transcription initiation
In this work, we study the effect of macromolecular crowding on transcription initiation and report a surprising result: while the first step of promoter opening slows down, the subsequent step of RNA synthesis and promoter escape becomes faster in the presence of crowders. This suggests that the crowded cellular environment significantly impacts gene function, with the effect varying between promoters. Transcription initiation, the first step in gene expression, has been studied extensively in dilute buffer, a condition which fails to consider the crowded environment in live cells. Recent reports indicate the kinetics of ...
Source: FEBS Letters - March 14, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Pratip Mukherjee,
Abhishek Mazumder Tags: Research Letter Source Type: research
Phosphorylation of TG ‐interacting factor 1 at carboxyl‐terminal sites in response to insulin regulates adipocyte differentiation
TG-interacting factor 1 (TGIF1) contributes to the differentiation of white preadipocytes; however, its regulation is not well elucidated. We highlight that the insulin-induced ERK activation phosphorylates the T235 or T239 residue of TGIF1, which is crucial for the promotion of mitotic clonal expansion and adipocyte differentiation. TG-interacting factor 1 (TGIF1) contributes to the differentiation of murine white preadipocyte and human adipose tissue-derived stem cells; however, its regulation is not well elucidated. Insulin is a component of the adipogenic cocktail that induces ERK signaling. TGIF1 phosphorylation and s...
Source: FEBS Letters - March 13, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yu ‐Hao Chang,
Yu‐Hua Tseng,
Ju‐Ming Wang,
Yau‐Sheng Tsai,
Xin‐Lei Liu,
Huei‐Sheng Huang Tags: Research Letter Source Type: research
Redox imbalance and metabolic defects in the context of Alzheimer disease
During aging, a progressive failure of energy metabolism occurs resulting in brain hypometabolism. This condition, combined with redox disturbance, contributes to increase neuronal cell vulnerability ultimately leading to neurodegeneration. Down syndrome and Alzheimer disease neuropathologies present several molecular similarities, among which perturbation of redox homeostasis and reduced energy production are major players that accelerate neuronal damage. Redox reactions play a critical role for intracellular processes, including pathways involved in metabolism and signaling. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) act either as se...
Source: FEBS Letters - March 13, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Fabio Di Domenico,
Chiara Lanzillotta,
Marzia Perluigi Tags: Review Source Type: research
Cdc73 is a major regulator of apoptosis ‐inducing factor 1 expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae via H3K36 methylation
In this report, we show the time-dependent induction ofAIF1 under hydrogen peroxide stress. Additionally, we find thatAIF1 expression in response to hydrogen peroxide is mediated by two transcription factors, Yap5 (DNA binding) and Cdc73 (non-DNA binding). Furthermore, substituting the H3K36 residue with another amino acid significantly abrogatesAIF1 expression. However, substituting the lysine (K) in H3K4 or H3K79 with alanine (A) does not affectAIF1 expression level under hydrogen peroxide stress. Altogether, reducedAIF1 expression incdc73 Δ is plausibly due to reduced H3K36me3 levels in the cells. (Source: FEBS Letters)
Source: FEBS Letters - March 12, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Nitu Saha,
Santoshi Acharjee,
Raghuvir Singh Tomar Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Front Cover
Cover illustration Ribosome engaged in translation. Image: Christoph Burgstedt/Shutterstock.com. The image refers to Nurullinaet al. ‘Cryo-EM structure of the inactive ribosome complex accumulated in chick embryo cells in cold-stress conditions.’ (Source: FEBS Letters)
Source: FEBS Letters - March 11, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research
