Adaptable interaction between aquaporin-1 and band 3 reveals a potential role of water channel in blood CO2 transport [Research]
Human CO2 respiration requires rapid conversion between CO2 and HCO3–. Carbonic anhydrase II facilitates this reversible reaction inside red blood cells, and band 3 [anion exchanger 1 (AE1)] provides a passage for HCO3– flux across the cell membrane. These 2 proteins are core components of the CO2 transport metabolon. Intracellular H2O is necessary for CO2/HCO3– conversion. However, abundantly expressed aquaporin 1 (AQP1) in erythrocytes is thought not to be part of band 3 complexes or the CO2 transport metabolon. To solve this conundrum, we used Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) measured b...
Source: FASEB Journal - September 28, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Hsu, K., Lee, T.-Y., Periasamy, A., Kao, F.-J., Li, L.-T., Lin, C.-Y., Lin, H.-J., Lin, M. Tags: Research Source Type: research
Molecular mechanisms underlying metabolic syndrome: the expanding role of the adipocyte [Reviews]
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as a cluster of 3 or more metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors and represents a serious problem for public health. Altered function of adipose tissue has a significant impact on whole-body metabolism and represents a key driver for the development of these metabolic derangements, collectively referred as to MetS. In particular, increased visceral and ectopic fat deposition play a major role in the development of insulin resistance and MetS. A large body of evidence demonstrates that aging and MetS share several metabolic alterations. Of importance, molecular pathways that regul...
Source: FASEB Journal - September 28, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Armani, A., Berry, A., Cirulli, F., Caprio, M. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
Leukocyte diversity in resolving and nonresolving mechanisms of cardiac remodeling [Review]
In response to myocardial infarction (MI), time-dependent leukocyte infiltration is critical to program the acute inflammatory response. Post-MI leukocyte density, residence time in the infarcted area, and exit from the infarcted injury predict resolving or nonresolving inflammation. Overactive or unresolved inflammation is the primary determinant in heart failure pathology post-MI. Here, our review describes supporting evidence that the acute inflammatory response also guides the generation of healing and regenerative mediators after cardiac damage. Time-dependent leukocyte density and diversity and the magnitude of myoca...
Source: FASEB Journal - September 28, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Tourki, B., Halade, G. Tags: Review Source Type: research
Ensuring due process in the IACUC and animal welfare setting: considerations in developing noncompliance policies and procedures for institutional animal care and use committees and institutional officials [Reviews]
We present here a model set of recommendations for institutional animal care and use committees and institutional officials to ensure appropriate consideration of allegations of noncompliance with federal Animal Welfare Act regulations that carry a significant risk or specific threat to animal welfare. This guidance has 3 overarching aims: 1) protecting the welfare of research animals; 2) according fair treatment and due process to an individual accused of noncompliance; and 3) ensuring compliance with federal regulations. Through this guidance, the present work seeks to advance the cause of scientific integrity, animal we...
Source: FASEB Journal - September 28, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Hansen, B. C., Gografe, S., Pritt, S., Jen, K.-l. C., McWhirter, C. A., Barman, S. M., Comuzzie, A., Greene, M., McNulty, J. A., Michele, D. E., Moaddab, N., Nelson, R. J., Norris, K., Uray, K. D., Banks, R., Westlund, K. N., Yates, B. J., Silverman, J., Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
Musings on mechanism: quest for a quark theory of proteins? [Perspective]
The give and take between biology and physics is an important part of the history of modern science, with this partnership perhaps now more intimate than ever. In this essay, I explore the ways in which these different fields can strengthen each other through their distinct outlooks on some of the most important questions being asked about the living world. In particular, I highlight three areas where the perspective from physics might lead to deeper insights into the workings of cells. First, I consider what it means for two ostensibly unrelated problems to be the same, and how such sameness can provide unexpected insight...
Source: FASEB Journal - September 28, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Phillips, R. Tags: Perspective Source Type: research
Angela Hartley Brodie, 1934-2017: Assailant of Aromatase [Editorial]
(Source: FASEB Journal)
Source: FASEB Journal - September 28, 2017 Category: Biology Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Retraction [Retraction]
(Source: FASEB Journal)
Source: FASEB Journal - August 31, 2017 Category: Biology Tags: Retraction Source Type: research
Erratum [Errata]
(Source: FASEB Journal)
Source: FASEB Journal - August 31, 2017 Category: Biology Tags: Errata Source Type: research
Prostaglandin E receptor-4 receptor mediates endothelial barrier-enhancing and anti-inflammatory effects of oxidized phospholipids [Research]
Unlike other agonists that cause transient endothelial cell (EC) response, the products of 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PAPC) oxidation that contain cyclopenthenone groups, which recapitulate prostaglandin-like structure, cause sustained enhancement of the pulmonary EC barrier. The mechanisms that drive the sustained effects by oxidized PAPC (OxPAPC) remain unexplored. On the basis of the structural similarity of isoprostanoid moieties that are present in full-length oxygenated PAPC species, we used an inhibitory approach to perform the screening of prostanoid receptors as potential candidates th...
Source: FASEB Journal - August 31, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Oskolkova, O., Gawlak, G., Tian, Y., Ke, Y., Sarich, N., Son, S., Andreasson, K., Bochkov, V. N., Birukova, A. A., Birukov, K. G. Tags: Research Source Type: research
In vivo imaging of prodromal hippocampus CA1 subfield oxidative stress in models of Alzheimer disease and Angelman syndrome [Research]
Hippocampus oxidative stress is considered pathogenic in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer disease (AD), and in neurodevelopmental disorders, such as Angelman syndrome (AS). Yet clinical benefits of antioxidant treatment for these diseases remain unclear because conventional imaging methods are unable to guide management of therapies in specific hippocampus subfields in vivo that underlie abnormal behavior. Excessive production of paramagnetic free radicals in nonhippocampus brain tissue can be measured in vivo as a greater-than-normal 1/T1 that is quenchable with antioxidant as measured by quench-assisted (Que...
Source: FASEB Journal - August 31, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Berkowitz, B. A., Lenning, J., Khetarpal, N., Tran, C., Wu, J. Y., Berri, A. M., Dernay, K., Haacke, E. M., Shafie-Khorassani, F., Podolsky, R. H., Gant, J. C., Maimaiti, S., Thibault, O., Murphy, G. G., Bennett, B. M., Roberts, R. Tags: Research Source Type: research
Intranasal administration of mesenchymoangioblast-derived mesenchymal stem cells abrogates airway fibrosis and airway hyperresponsiveness associated with chronic allergic airways disease [Research]
Structural changes known as airway remodeling (AWR) characterize chronic/severe asthma and contribute to lung dysfunction. Thus, we assessed the in vivo efficacy of induced pluripotent stem cell and mesenchymoangioblast-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MCA-MSCs) on AWR in a murine model of chronic allergic airways disease (AAD)/asthma. Female Balb/c mice were subjected to a 9-wk model of ovalbumin (Ova)-induced chronic AAD and treated intravenously or intranasally with MCA-MSCs from weeks 9 to 11. Changes in airway inflammation (AI), AWR, and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) were assessed. Ova-injured mice presented with AI...
Source: FASEB Journal - August 31, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Royce, S. G., Rele, S., Broughton, B. R. S., Kelly, K., Samuel, C. S. Tags: Research Source Type: research
Sestrin2 prevents age-related intolerance to ischemia and reperfusion injury by modulating substrate metabolism [Research]
A novel stress-inducible protein, Sestrin2 (Sesn2), declines in the heart with aging. AMPK has emerged as a pertinent stress-activated kinase that has been shown to have cardioprotective capabilities against myocardial ischemic injury. We identified the interaction between Sesn2 and AMPK in the ischemic heart. To determine whether ischemic AMPK activation—modulated by the Sesn2-AMPK complex in the heart—is impaired in aging that sensitizes the heart to ischemic insults, young C57BL/6 mice (age 3–4 mo), middle-aged mice (age 10–12 mo), and aged mice (age 24–26 mo) were subjected to left anterio...
Source: FASEB Journal - August 31, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Quan, N., Sun, W., Wang, L., Chen, X., Bogan, J. S., Zhou, X., Cates, C., Liu, Q., Zheng, Y., Li, J. Tags: Research Source Type: research
Interleukin 6 protects pancreatic {beta} cells from apoptosis by stimulation of autophagy [Research]
IL-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine with complex roles in inflammation and metabolic disease. The role of IL-6 as a pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokine is still unclear. Within the pancreatic islet, IL-6 stimulates secretion of the prosurvival incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) by α cells and acts directly on β cells to stimulate insulin secretion in vitro. Uncovering physiologic mechanisms promoting β-cell survival under conditions of inflammation and stress can identify important pathways for diabetes prevention and treatment. Given the established role of GLP-1 in promoting β-cell survival, ...
Source: FASEB Journal - August 31, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Linnemann, A. K., Blumer, J., Marasco, M. R., Battiola, T. J., Umhoefer, H. M., Han, J. Y., Lamming, D. W., Davis, D. B. Tags: Research Source Type: research
Complement-induced activation of MAPKs and Akt during sepsis: role in cardiac dysfunction [Research]
In this report we have evaluated activation of MAPKs and Akt in CMs exposed to C5a in vitro and after cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in vivo. In both cases, C5a in vitro caused activation (phosphorylation) of MAPKs and Akt in CMs, which required availability of both C5a receptors. Using immunofluorescence technology, activation of MAPKs and Akt occurred in left ventricular (LV) CMs, requiring both C5a receptors, C5aR1 and -2. Use of a water-soluble p38 inhibitor curtailed activation in vivo of MAPKs and Akt in LV CMs as well as the appearance of cytokines and histones in plasma from CLP mice. When mouse macrophages were...
Source: FASEB Journal - August 31, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Fattahi, F., Kalbitz, M., Malan, E. A., Abe, E., Jajou, L., Huber-Lang, M. S., Bosmann, M., Russell, M. W., Zetoune, F. S., Ward, P. A. Tags: Research Source Type: research
