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Developments and challenges for new and emergent preparations for male hypogonadism treatment
Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2023 Nov 9:1-14. doi: 10.1080/13543784.2023.2276760. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: The specific role of testosterone (T) replacement therapy in patients with late onset hypogonadism is still conflicting. Several available preparations have been developed to restore either fertility and normal testosterone (T) levels (secondary hypogonadism) or just T levels (primary hypogonadism).AREAS COVERED: Advantages and limitations related to available new treatments will be discussed in detail. In addition, possible news related to preparations in the pipeline will be discussed.EXPERT OPINIO...
Source: Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs - November 9, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Giovanni Corona Clotilde Sparano Giulia Rastrelli Linda Vignozzi Mario Maggi Source Type: research

Prostaglandin FP receptor agonists in the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension: a literature review
Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2023 Nov 6:1-7. doi: 10.1080/13543784.2023.2279146. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness with intraocular pressure (IOP) as the only known modifiable risk factor. Prostaglandin FP receptor agonists are the first-line medical treatment for glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Despite their efficacy, their IOP lowering effect may be insufficient requiring second agents, and poor patient compliance to medical therapy may preclude their full effect.AREAS COVERED: This literature review examines the novel FP receptor drugs and drug delivery devices in clin...
Source: Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs - November 6, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Sophia Moshegov Nathan Mitchell Kerr Source Type: research

Prostaglandin FP receptor agonists in the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension: a literature review
Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2023 Nov 6. doi: 10.1080/13543784.2023.2279146. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness with intraocular pressure (IOP) as the only known modifiable risk factor. Prostaglandin FP receptor agonists are the first line medical treatment for glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Despite their efficacy, their IOP lowering effect may be insufficient requiring second agents, and poor patient compliance to medical therapy may preclude their full effect.AREAS COVERED: This literature review examines the novel FP receptor drugs and drug delivery devices in clinical...
Source: Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs - November 6, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Sophia Moshegov Nathan Mitchell Kerr Source Type: research

Investigational drugs inhibiting complement for the treatment of geographic atrophy
Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2023 Oct 30:1-8. doi: 10.1080/13543784.2023.2276759. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Geographic atrophy (GA) is a progressive form of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) that leads to severe visual impairment and central vision loss. Traditional treatment options for GA are limited, highlighting the need for new therapeutic approaches. In recent years, targeting the complement system has emerged as a promising strategy for the treatment of GA.AREAS COVERED: This expert opinion article reviews the investigational drugs inhibiting the complement cascade for the treatment of GA. Spec...
Source: Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs - October 30, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Lorenzo Ferro Desideri Dmitri Artemiev Enrico Bernardi Karin Paschon Souska Zandi Martin Zinkernagel Rodrigo Anguita Source Type: research

Hepatic encephalopathy: investigational drugs in preclinical and early phase development
Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2023 Oct 30:1-15. doi: 10.1080/13543784.2023.2277386. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a neuropsychiatric syndrome, in patients with liver disease, which affects life quality and span. Current treatments are lactulose or rifaximin, acting on gut microbiota. Treatments aiming ammonia levels reduction have been tested with little success.AREAS COVERED: Pre-clinical research shows that the process inducing HE involves sequentially: liver failure, altered microbiome, hyperammonemia, peripheral inflammation, changes in immunophenotype and extracellular vesicl...
Source: Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs - October 30, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Tiziano Balzano Marta Llansola Yaiza M Arenas Paula Izquierdo-Altarejos Vicente Felipo Source Type: research

Retatrutide: a triple incretin receptor agonist for obesity management
Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2023 Oct 30:1-6. doi: 10.1080/13543784.2023.2276754. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Obesity treatment is evolving rapidly with the emergence of agents targeting incretin receptors. Retatrutide, a triple agonist of these receptors, shows promise in obesity management.AREAS COVERED: Retatrutide, in phase-2 trials, exhibited significant reductions in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and dose-dependent weight loss in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In non-T2DM individuals, it produced substantial weight loss and improved glucose levels, albeit with gastrointestinal side eff...
Source: Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs - October 30, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Avik Ray Source Type: research

Bepirovirsen (GSK3228836) in chronic hepatitis B infection: an evaluation of phase II progress
Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2023 Oct 30:1-13. doi: 10.1080/13543784.2023.2277389. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Chronic hepatitis B infection is a major global health issue associated with significant liver-related morbidity and mortality. While existing treatments can suppress the virus effectively, they are incapable of inducing functional cure, as defined by hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroclearance. Currently, numerous novel compounds are being developed, including bepirovirsen, an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO).AREAS COVERED: This review summarizes the mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, clin...
Source: Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs - October 30, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Lung-Yi Mak Rex Wan-Hin Hui James Fung Wai-Kay Seto Man-Fung Yuen Source Type: research

Hepatic encephalopathy: investigational drugs in preclinical and early phase development
Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2023 Oct 30. doi: 10.1080/13543784.2023.2277386. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a neuropsychiatric syndrome, in patients with liver disease, which affects life quality and span. Current treatments are lactulose or rifaximin, acting on gut microbiota. Treatments aiming ammonia levels reduction have been tested with little success.AREAS COVERED: Pre-clinical research shows that the process inducing HE involves sequentially: liver failure, altered microbiome, hyperammonemia, peripheral inflammation, changes in immunophenotype and extracellular vesicles an...
Source: Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs - October 30, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Tiziano Balzano Marta Llansola Yaiza M Arenas Paula Izquierdo-Altarejos Vicente Felipo Source Type: research

Bepirovirsen (GSK3228836) in chronic hepatitis B infection: an evaluation of phase II progress
Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2023 Oct 30. doi: 10.1080/13543784.2023.2277389. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Chronic hepatitis B infection is a major global health issue associated with significant liver-related morbidity and mortality. While existing treatments can suppress the virus effectively, they are incapable of inducing functional cure, as defined by hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroclearance. Currently, numerous novel compounds are being developed, including bepirovirsen which is an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO).AREAS COVERED: This review summarizes the mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, c...
Source: Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs - October 30, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Lung-Yi Mak Rex Wan-Hin Hui James Fung Wai-Kay Seto Man-Fung Yuen Source Type: research