Inhibition of fatty acid amide hydrolase reverses aberrant prefrontal gamma oscillations in the sub-chronic PCP model for schizophrenia
Exp Brain Res. 2024 Mar 15. doi: 10.1007/s00221-024-06801-2. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHypofunctioning of NMDA receptors, and the resulting shift in the balance between excitation and inhibition, is considered a key process in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. One important manifestation of this phenomenon is changes in neural oscillations, those above 30 Hz (i.e., gamma-band oscillations), in particular. Although both preclinical and clinical studies observed increased gamma activity following acute administration of NMDA receptor antagonists, the relevance of this phenomenon has been recently questioned given the...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - March 15, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Alexandre Seillier Source Type: research
Effects of the perceived temporal distance of events on mental time travel and on its underlying brain circuits
Exp Brain Res. 2024 Mar 15. doi: 10.1007/s00221-024-06806-x. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMental Time Travel (MTT) allows us to remember past events and imagine future ones. According to previous literature, the Temporal Distance of events affects MTT: our ability to order events worsens for close, compared to far, events. However, those studies established distances a-priori, albeit the way we perceive events' temporal distance may subjectively differ from their objective distance. Thus, in the current study, we aimed to investigate the effects of Perceived Temporal Distance (PTD) on the MTT ability and the brain areas m...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - March 15, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Claudia Casadio Ivan Patan é Michela Candini Fausta Lui Francesca Frassinetti Francesca Benuzzi Source Type: research
A computational model of motion sickness dynamics during passive self-motion in the dark
Exp Brain Res. 2024 Mar 15. doi: 10.1007/s00221-024-06804-z. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPredicting the time course of motion sickness symptoms enables the evaluation of provocative stimuli and the development of countermeasures for reducing symptom severity. In pursuit of this goal, we present an Observer-driven model of motion sickness for passive motions in the dark. Constructed in two stages, this model predicts motion sickness symptoms by bridging sensory conflict (i.e., differences between actual and expected sensory signals) arising from the Observer model of spatial orientation perception (stage 1) to Oman's mode...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - March 15, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Aaron R Allred Torin K Clark Source Type: research
Inhibition of fatty acid amide hydrolase reverses aberrant prefrontal gamma oscillations in the sub-chronic PCP model for schizophrenia
Exp Brain Res. 2024 Mar 15. doi: 10.1007/s00221-024-06801-2. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHypofunctioning of NMDA receptors, and the resulting shift in the balance between excitation and inhibition, is considered a key process in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. One important manifestation of this phenomenon is changes in neural oscillations, those above 30 Hz (i.e., gamma-band oscillations), in particular. Although both preclinical and clinical studies observed increased gamma activity following acute administration of NMDA receptor antagonists, the relevance of this phenomenon has been recently questioned given the...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - March 15, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Alexandre Seillier Source Type: research
Effects of the perceived temporal distance of events on mental time travel and on its underlying brain circuits
Exp Brain Res. 2024 Mar 15. doi: 10.1007/s00221-024-06806-x. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMental Time Travel (MTT) allows us to remember past events and imagine future ones. According to previous literature, the Temporal Distance of events affects MTT: our ability to order events worsens for close, compared to far, events. However, those studies established distances a-priori, albeit the way we perceive events' temporal distance may subjectively differ from their objective distance. Thus, in the current study, we aimed to investigate the effects of Perceived Temporal Distance (PTD) on the MTT ability and the brain areas m...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - March 15, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Claudia Casadio Ivan Patan é Michela Candini Fausta Lui Francesca Frassinetti Francesca Benuzzi Source Type: research
A computational model of motion sickness dynamics during passive self-motion in the dark
Exp Brain Res. 2024 Mar 15. doi: 10.1007/s00221-024-06804-z. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPredicting the time course of motion sickness symptoms enables the evaluation of provocative stimuli and the development of countermeasures for reducing symptom severity. In pursuit of this goal, we present an Observer-driven model of motion sickness for passive motions in the dark. Constructed in two stages, this model predicts motion sickness symptoms by bridging sensory conflict (i.e., differences between actual and expected sensory signals) arising from the Observer model of spatial orientation perception (stage 1) to Oman's mode...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - March 15, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Aaron R Allred Torin K Clark Source Type: research
Taking time to compose thoughts with prefrontal schemata
Exp Brain Res. 2024 Mar 14. doi: 10.1007/s00221-024-06785-z. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTUnder what conditions can prefrontal cortex direct the composition of brain states, to generate coherent streams of thoughts? Using a simplified Potts model of cortical dynamics, crudely differentiated into two halves, we show that once activity levels are regulated, so as to disambiguate a single temporal sequence, whether the contents of the sequence are mainly determined by the frontal or by the posterior half, or by neither, depends on statistical parameters that describe its microcircuits. The frontal cortex tends to lead if it ...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - March 14, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Kwang Il Ryom Anindita Basu Debora Stendardi Elisa Ciaramelli Alessandro Treves Source Type: research
Operational encoding enhances action knowledge integration: insights from event-related potential analysis
In this study, we conducted an examination of knowledge integration concerning action information and assessed the impact of operational on this process. Additionally, we delved into the underlying mechanisms of how operational encoding influences the processing of knowledge integration of action information, utilizing the event-related potential technique. The results of our investigation revealed that operational encoding, encompassing the observed operational encoding and the imagined operational encoding, exhibited superior performance in the integration of action knowledge compared to verbal encoding. This distinction...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - March 14, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Xiaomei Zhao Shi Cheng Zihan Liu Source Type: research
Comparing the effects of cerebellar and prefrontal anodal transcranial direct current stimulation concurrent with postural training on balance and fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis: a double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial
Exp Brain Res. 2024 Mar 14. doi: 10.1007/s00221-024-06816-9. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTFatigue and balance disorders are common challenges experienced by Multiple Sclerosis (MS) individuals. The purpose of this study was to compare the concurrent effects of cerebellar and prefrontal anodal trans-cranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) with postural training on balance and fatigue in MS patients. 51 patients were evaluated to randomly allocation to a-tDCS over cerebellum, a-tDCS over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and sham group. 46 individuals (n = 16 in experimental groups and n = 14 in control group) foll...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - March 14, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Narges Jahantigh Akbari Nahid Tahan Sedigheh Sadat Naimi Alireza Akbarzadeh Baghban Nahid Beladi Moghadam Maryam Zoghi Source Type: research
fNIRS is capable of distinguishing laterality of lower body contractions
Exp Brain Res. 2024 Mar 14. doi: 10.1007/s00221-024-06798-8. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe use of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) for brain imaging during human movement continues to increase. This technology measures brain activity non-invasively using near-infrared light, is highly portable, and robust to motion artifact. However, the spatial resolution of fNIRS is lower than that of other imaging modalities. It is unclear whether fNIRS has sufficient spatial resolution to differentiate nearby areas of the cortex, such as the leg areas of the motor cortex. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to det...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - March 14, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Rob J MacLennan Jesus A Hernandez-Sarabia Shawn M Reese JoCarol E Shields Claire M Smith Katharina Stute Jordyn Collyar Alex A Olmos Tyler L Danielson Demi L MacLennan Jason I Pagan Ryan M Girts Kylie K Harmon Nicholas Coker Joshua C Carr Xin Ye Jonathan Source Type: research
Dissociable neural correlates of trait and ability emotional intelligence: a resting-state fMRI study
Exp Brain Res. 2024 Mar 12. doi: 10.1007/s00221-024-06809-8. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTEmotional intelligence (EI) is one's ability to monitor one's own and other's emotions and the use of emotional information to enhance thought and action. Previous behavioral studies have shown that EI is separable into trait EI and ability EI, which are known to have distinct characteristics at the behavioral level. A relevant and unanswered question is whether both forms of EI have a dissociable neural basis. Previous studies have individually explored the neural underpinnings of trait EI and ability EI, but there has been no direc...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - March 13, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Song Xue Alain De Beuckelaer Feng Kong Jia Liu Source Type: research
Dissociable neural correlates of trait and ability emotional intelligence: a resting-state fMRI study
Exp Brain Res. 2024 Mar 12. doi: 10.1007/s00221-024-06809-8. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTEmotional intelligence (EI) is one's ability to monitor one's own and other's emotions and the use of emotional information to enhance thought and action. Previous behavioral studies have shown that EI is separable into trait EI and ability EI, which are known to have distinct characteristics at the behavioral level. A relevant and unanswered question is whether both forms of EI have a dissociable neural basis. Previous studies have individually explored the neural underpinnings of trait EI and ability EI, but there has been no direc...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - March 13, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Song Xue Alain De Beuckelaer Feng Kong Jia Liu Source Type: research
Encoding contact size using static and dynamic electrotactile finger stimulation: natural decoding vs. trained cues
Exp Brain Res. 2024 Mar 12. doi: 10.1007/s00221-024-06794-y. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTElectrotactile stimulation through matrix electrodes is a promising technology to restore high-resolution tactile feedback in extended reality applications. One of the fundamental tactile effects that should be simulated is the change in the size of the contact between the finger and a virtual object. The present study investigated how participants perceive the increase of stimulation area when stimulating the index finger using static or dynamic (moving) stimuli produced by activating 1 to 6 electrode pads. To assess the ability to ...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - March 12, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Mauricio Carlos Henrich Martin A Garenfeld Jovana Malesevic Matija Strbac Strahinja Dosen Source Type: research
Encoding contact size using static and dynamic electrotactile finger stimulation: natural decoding vs. trained cues
Exp Brain Res. 2024 Mar 12. doi: 10.1007/s00221-024-06794-y. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTElectrotactile stimulation through matrix electrodes is a promising technology to restore high-resolution tactile feedback in extended reality applications. One of the fundamental tactile effects that should be simulated is the change in the size of the contact between the finger and a virtual object. The present study investigated how participants perceive the increase of stimulation area when stimulating the index finger using static or dynamic (moving) stimuli produced by activating 1 to 6 electrode pads. To assess the ability to ...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - March 12, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Mauricio Carlos Henrich Martin A Garenfeld Jovana Malesevic Matija Strbac Strahinja Dosen Source Type: research
Motor learning and performance in schizophrenia and aging: two different patterns of decline
Exp Brain Res. 2024 Mar 9. doi: 10.1007/s00221-024-06797-9. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPsychomotor slowing has consistently been observed in schizophrenia, however research on motor learning in schizophrenia is limited. Additionally, motor learning in schizophrenia has never been compared with the waning of motor learning abilities in the elderly. Therefore, in an extensive study, 30 individuals with schizophrenia, 30 healthy age-matched controls and 30 elderly participants were compared on sensorimotor learning tasks including sequence learning and adaptation (both explicit and implicit), as well as tracking and aiming...
Source: Experimental Brain Research - March 9, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Wouter Hulstijn Claudia Cornelis Anne Morsel Maarten Timmers Manuel Morrens Bernard G C Sabbe Source Type: research
