The efficacy of cariprazine in negative symptoms of schizophrenia: Post hoc analyses of PANSS individual items and PANSS-derived factors
ConclusionsSince items representing different negative symptom dimensions may represent different fundamental pathophysiological mechanisms, significant improvement versus risperidone on most PANSS Negative Subscale items and across all PANSS-derived factors suggests broad-spectrum efficacy for cariprazine in treating negative symptoms of schizophrenia. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - February 8, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Hippocampal subfield volumes in major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder
ConclusionWe observed hippocampal subfield volume reductions in both MDD and BD, a finding which more prominent in MDD. The inverse correlation between BD illness duration and hippocampal subfield volume may evidence the neuroprogressive nature of BD. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - February 3, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

The pharmacological management of agitated and aggressive behaviour: A systematic review and meta-analysis
ConclusionOlanzapine, haloperidol plus promethazine or droperidol are most effective and safe for use as rapid tranquilisation. Midazolam sedates most quickly. But due to increased saturation problems, midazolam is restricted to use within an emergency department of a general hospital. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - February 3, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Developmental cascades of internalising symptoms, externalising problems and cognitive ability from early childhood to middle adolescence
ConclusionsIn either childhood or adolescence, reducing behavioural problems could have both emotional and cognitive benefits. In childhood, improving cognitive skills could reduce both emotional and behavioural problems. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - January 23, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

IL-10 is associated with increased mu-opioid receptor levels in major depressive disorder
ConclusionThe results show that MOR levels may function as a possible component of the CIRS whilst there is no evidence that β-EP and EM-2 may modify the IRS. The significant correlation between MOR levels and IL-10 may be explained through central activation of the HPA-axis and increased B-cell numbers expressing MOR as a response to cytokine over-secretion in MDD. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - January 22, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Characterization of Mood Instability through Bipolar Disorders: A cluster-analytic approach using weekly prospective life-chart methodology
ConclusionBD type II presented higher MI and subsyndromal symptoms than BD type I patients. However, these differences did not translate into clinically relevant outcomes. A classification based on MI may provide useful clinical insights. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - January 22, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) and the historical roots of psychopathology: A viewpoint
Publication date: April 2019Source: European Psychiatry, Volume 57Author(s): Drozdstoy Stoyanov, Diogo Telles Correia, Bruce N. CuthbertAbstractIn this article we aim at conceptual reconstruction of the historical background behind RDoC project. It incorporates some elements that have not heretofore been included in frameworks for psychopathology research. At the same time, however, RDoC – like any approach to mental illness – must grapple with longstanding challenges in addressing issues about the roles and relationships of mind, brain, and patients’ reports in considering the nature of disorder. In this respect, th...
Source: European Psychiatry - January 22, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Prevalence of late-life depression and gap in mental health service use across European regions
Conclusions We suggest that interventions to decrease the burden of late-life depression should be targeted at individuals that are affected by chronic somatic comorbidities and are limited in mental and physical functioning. Promotion of help-seeking of older adults, de-stigmatization of mental illness and education of general practitioners could help decrease the gap in mental health service utilization. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - January 17, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Unmet needs in patients with brief psychotic disorders: Too ill for clinical high risk services and not ill enough for first episode services
ConclusionsThe majority of ATPDs are not detected/treated by EIS or CHR-P services, receive heterogeneous treatments and short-term clinical follow-up. ATPDs have a high risk of developing severe clinical outcomes beyond persistent psychotic disorders and unmet clinical needs that are not targeted by current mental health services. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - January 17, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Effectiveness of CBT for children and adolescents with depression: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis
ConclusionsThere is evidence that CBT is effective for youth with a (subclinical) depression. Our analyses show that effects might improve when CBT contains the components behavioral activation and challenging thoughts and also when the caregiver(s) are involved. However, the influential effects of these three moderators should be further tested in RCTs. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - January 17, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Awareness and perceptions of clinical guidelines for the diagnostics and treatment of severe behavioural problems in children across Europe: A qualitative survey with academic experts
ConclusionsThis study offers a preliminary insight into the current successes and challenges perceived by experts around Europe associated with guidelines and documents for SBPs, acting as a stepping stone for future systematic, in-depth investigations of guidelines. Additionally, it establishes experts’ consensus for the need to develop official guidelines better tailored to clinical practice, creating a momentum for a transition towards European clinical guidelines for this population. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - January 16, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Cost-effectiveness analysis of collaborative treatment of late-life depression in primary care (GermanIMPACT)
ConclusionEvidence for cost-effectiveness of GermanIMPACT relative to treatment as usual is not clear. Only if societal WTP was ≥€180 for an additional DFD, GermanIMPACT could be considered cost-effective with certainty. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - January 16, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms and perceived mental health discrimination in adults in the general population
ConclusionADHD symptoms are associated with higher odds for experiencing mental health discrimination and this association is especially elevated in those with the most severe ADHD symptoms. Interventions to inform the general public about ADHD may be important for reducing the stigma and discrimination associated with this disorder in adults. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - January 15, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

The utility of outpatient commitment: Reduced-risks of victimization and crime perpetration
ConclusionsCTO assignment’s association with reduced criminal-victimization and perpetration-risk, in conjunction with requiring participation in needed-treatment via re-hospitalization and community-service, adds support to the conclusion that OCC is to some extent fulfilling its legal objectives related to protecting safety of self (exclusive of deliberate-self-harm), and others. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - January 15, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

The mediating role of borderline personality features in the relationship between childhood trauma and psychotic-like experiences in a sample of help-seeking non-psychotic adolescents and young adults
ConclusionBorderline personality features seem to be an important mediator of the relationship between childhood trauma and PLEs in adolescent patients with different non-psychotic psychiatric disorders. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - January 1, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research