Clinical and functional ultra-long-term outcome of patients with a clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis
ConclusionsOur study shows the need for follow-ups and clinical attention longer than the usual 2–3 years as there are several CHR patients with later transitions and only a minority of CHR those without transition fully recovers. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - September 10, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Birth dimensions, severe mental illness and risk of type 2 diabetes in a cohort of Danish men born in 1953
ConclusionsBirth information on birth weight/ponderal index could be of interest in diabetes screening on severe mental ill populations (especially in schizophrenia) since they might play a critical role in the increased risk of type 2 diabetes following severe mental illness. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - September 9, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Reality-monitoring deficits and visual hallucinations in schizophrenia
This study examined reality-monitoring abilities in two groups of patients with schizophrenia: a group of patients with V + AH (n = 24) and a group of patients with AH only (n = 22). Patients with V + AH were significantly more likely to misremember imagined words as being perceived from an external source, compared to patients with AH only (p = 0.008, d = -0.82). In other words, V + AH patients display a larger externalization bias than patients with AH only. One explanation for these results could be that experiencing hallucinations in two sensory modalities may contribute to increased vividness o...
Source: European Psychiatry - September 9, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Clustering suicides: A data-driven, exploratory machine learning approach
This study aimed to challenge the traditional separation into “violent” and “non-violent” suicides by generating a cluster analysis with a data-driven, machine learning approach. In a retrospective analysis, data on all officially confirmed suicides (N = 77,894) in Austria between 1970 and 2016 were assessed. Based on a defined distance metric between distributions of suicides over age group and month of the year, a standard hierarchical clustering method was performed with the five most frequent suicide methods. In cluster analysis, poisoning emerged as distinct from all other methods – both in the entire sa...
Source: European Psychiatry - September 9, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Stress and cognitive biases in schizotypy: A two-site study of bias against disconfirmatory evidence and jumping to conclusions
Conclusions (JTC), describe how information is selected and weighed under conditions of uncertainty during decision making. It is likely that states such as elevated stress exacerbates JTC and BADE in individuals with high schizotypal traits vulnerable to displaying these information gathering styles. Therefore, we evaluated whether stress and schizotypy interacted to predict these reasoning biases using separate samples from the US (JTC) and England (BADE). Generally speaking, schizotypal traits and stress were not independently associated with dysfunctional reasoning biases. However, across both studies, the interaction ...
Source: European Psychiatry - September 9, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Mental health and politics since the eurozone crisis: The role of mental health professionals
Publication date: October 2019Source: European Psychiatry, Volume 62Author(s): Isabel M. PereraAbstractSome of the most immediate health effects of the 2008 economic crisis concerned the mind, not the body. Rates of generalized anxiety, chronic depression, and even suicide spiked in many European societies. This viewpoint highlights the role of mental health professionals in responding to this emergency, and argues that their sustained mobilization is necessary to its long-term resolution. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - September 9, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Editorial board
Publication date: September 2019Source: European Psychiatry, Volume 61Author(s): (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - September 1, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
The association between childhood maltreatment and eating disorder psychopathology: A mixed-model investigation
Conclusions. Combining the network analysis approach with the mediation analyses provides for the first time a putative hybrid model, which reveals that all CM types converge towards ED symptoms through emotional abuse and that interoceptive awareness and ineffectiveness mediate these connections in people with ANR and BP symptoms, respectively. These findings may have possible implications for both research and treatment of EDs. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - August 20, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Altered syntactic abilities in first episode patients: An inner phenomenon characterizing psychosis
ConclusionsThis study shows that the access to syntactic structures is already impaired in FEP patients, especially in those with FEP-NA, ultimately suggesting that language impairments represent a core and inner feature of psychosis even at early stages. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - August 20, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Standardised description of health and social care: A systematic review of use of the ESMS/DESDE (European Service Mapping Schedule/Description and Evaluation of Services and DirectoriEs)
ConclusionsThe ESMS/DESDE system provides a common terminology, a classification of care services, and a set of tools allowing a variety of aims to be addressed in healthcare and health systems research. It facilitates comparisons across and within countries for evidence-informed planning. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - August 17, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Association of CNR1 genotypes with changes in neurocognitive performance after eighteen-month treatment in patients with first-episode psychosis
ConclusionsThe rs7766029 CNR1 variants may moderate changes in neurocognitive performance as well as in perceived levels of stress of patients with FEP over time. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - August 7, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
A new “inside-out” perspective on general factor p
Publication date: September 2019Source: European Psychiatry, Volume 61Author(s): Thomas M. Kelley, William F. Pettit, Jack Pransky, Judith Sedgeman (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - August 6, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Lifestyle behavioural risk factors and emotional functioning among schoolchildren: The Healthy Growth Study
ConclusionsWhilst findings were cross-sectional and causality cannot be inferred, this study highlights the interdependence of emotional and physical functioning in schoolchildren. This points to the potential for targeting shared risk factors for both physical chronic diseases and emotional and mental health conditions among children. Further longitudinal evidence will identify the potential for such shared intervention targets. Adopting a comprehensive, integrated approach to children’s emotional, mental, and physical health is warranted. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - August 2, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Physical performance is more strongly associated with cognition in schizophrenia than psychiatric symptoms
ConclusionsThe present findings demonstrate the relationship between physical performance and neurocognition in patients with schizophrenia. Considering that these factors are modifiable, exercise intervention may help to improve cognitive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia, thereby leading to improvements in function and prognosis. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - July 24, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Editorial board
Publication date: August 2019Source: European Psychiatry, Volume 60Author(s): (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - July 20, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
