Clinical characteristics associated with paedophilia and child sex offending – Differentiating sexual preference from offence status
Publication date: June 2018 Source:European Psychiatry, Volume 51 Author(s): Hannah Gerwinn, Simone Weiß, Gilian Tenbergen, Till Amelung, Carina Födisch, Alexander Pohl, Claudia Massau, Jonas Kneer, Sebastian Mohnke, Christian Kärgel, Matthias Wittfoth, Stefanie Jung, Krassimira Drumkova, Kolja Schiltz, Martin Walter, Klaus M. Beier, Henrik Walter, Jorge Ponseti, Boris Schiffer, Tillmann H.C. Kruger Contrary to public perception, child sex offending (CSO) and paedophilia are not the same. Only half of all cases of CSO are motivated by paedophilic preference, and a paedophilic preference does not ne...
Source: European Psychiatry - April 4, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Grey matter or social matters? Causal attributions in the era of biological psychiatry
Publication date: August 2018 Source:European Psychiatry, Volume 52 Author(s): Peter Brugger, Ira Kurthen, Neda Rashidi-Ranjbar, Bigna Lenggenhager (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - April 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Can neuropsychological testing facilitate differential diagnosis between at-risk mental state (ARMS) for psychosis and adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
Conclusions Our results are in line with current meta-analyses reporting that impairments in the domains of attention and verbal learning are of medium effect size in adult ADHD and of small effect size in ARMS patients and suggest that measures of these domains can be exploited to improve the differential diagnosis between adult ADHD and ARMS patients. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - April 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Duration of active psychosis and functional outcomes in first-episode non-affective psychosis
Conclusions DAT is strongly related to functional outcomes independent of the DUP period or other variables. As a modifiable variable, the reduction of the DAT should be considered a main focus of intervention from the onset of the illness to improve long-term outcomes. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - April 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Who are the European youths willing to engage in radicalisation? A multidisciplinary review of their psychological and social profiles
Conclusion There are many similarities between psychopathological manifestations of adolescence and mechanisms at stake during the radicalisation process. As a consequence, and despite the rarity of psychotic disorders, mental health professionals have a role to play in the treatment and understanding of radical engagement among European youth. Studies with empirical data are limited, and more research should be promoted (in particular in females and in non-Muslim communities) to better understand the phenomenon and to propose recommendations for prevention and treatment. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - April 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Smoking cessation treatment outcomes among people with and without mental and substance use disorders: An observational real-world study
Conclusion The inclusion of individuals with and without MSUD in the same protocol, allowing for individuals with MSUD undergoing their psychiatric treatment, generates at least comparable success rates between the groups. Predictors of treatment success were similar to those found in the general population. Facilities that treat patients with MSUD should treat tobacco use in order to reduce the disparities in morbidity and mortality experienced by this population. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - March 31, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Not intended, still embarrassed: Social anxiety is related to increased levels of embarrassment in response to unintentional social norm violations
Conclusions These findings indicate that increased embarrassment for unintentional SN violations is an important characteristic of social anxiety. These high levels of embarrassment are likely related to the debilitating concern of socially-anxious people that their skills and behavior do not meet expectations of others, and to their fear of blundering. This concern might be an important target for future therapeutic interventions. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - March 31, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
European Psychiatric Association (EPA) guidance on forensic psychiatry: Evidence based assessment and treatment of mentally disordered offenders
We present the findings of the scientific literature as well as recommendations for best practice drawing additionally from the guidance documents identified. We found that the evidence base for forensic-psychiatric practice is weak though there is some evidence to suggest that psychiatric care produces better outcomes than criminal justice detention only. Practitioners need to follow general psychiatric guidance as well as that for offenders, adapted for the complex needs of this patient group, paying particular attention to long-term detention and ethical issues. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - March 21, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Commentary on: Prenatal exposure to acetaminophen and children ’s language development at 30 months
Publication date: June 2018 Source:European Psychiatry, Volume 51 Author(s): Lekhansh Shukla, Devavrat Harshe, Nachiketa Jayadev Desai, Migita Dcruz, Samir Kumar Praharaj, Avinash Shukla, Chittaranjan Andrade (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - March 17, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Randomized trial of transcranial alternating current stimulation for treatment of auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia
Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first clinical trial of tACS for the treatment of symptoms of a psychiatric condition. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to better understand the effect of tACS on auditory hallucinations. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - March 12, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Data integration through brain atlasing: Human Brain Project tools and strategies
Publication date: Available online 5 March 2018 Source:European Psychiatry Author(s): Ingvild E. Bjerke, Martin Øvsthus, Eszter A. Papp, Sharon C. Yates, Ludovico Silvestri, Julien Fiorilli, Cyriel M.A. Pennartz, Francesco S. Pavone, Maja A. Puchades, Trygve B. Leergaard, Jan G. Bjaalie The Human Brain Project (HBP), an EU Flagship Initiative, is currently building an infrastructure that will allow integration of large amounts of heterogeneous neuroscience data. The ultimate goal of the project is to develop a unified multi-level understanding of the brain and its diseases, and beyond this to emulate the comp...
Source: European Psychiatry - March 6, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
The interplay of etiological knowledge and mental illness stigma on healthcare utilisation in the community: A structural equation model
Conclusion Our results indicate that campaigns promoting early healthcare utilisation should focus on different strategies to promote facilitation and reduce barriers to mental healthcare. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - March 6, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Long-term effect of prenatal exposure to malnutrition on risk of schizophrenia in adulthood: Evidence from the Chinese famine of 1959 –1961
Conclusions Prenatal malnutrition exposure has a detrimental impact on risk of schizophrenia in adulthood in the rural population. Further studies were needed to investigate corresponding mechanisms on this topic. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - March 4, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Measuring costs of community mental health care in Italy: A prevalence-based study
Conclusion Direct mental health costs are concentrated among a small fraction of patients who receive intensive socio-rehabilitation in community services. One limitation includes the unavailability of hospital costs. Our methodology is replicable and useful for national and cross-national benchmarking. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - March 4, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Immediate and brief intervention after suicide attempts on patients without major psychiatric morbidity —A pilot study in northern Israel
Conclusions The pilot program exhibits promising preliminary results, it is interesting to examine the difference in participation between different ethnic groups. Since the sample size is small, there is a need to continue the program on a larger scale. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - March 4, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
