Can neuropsychological testing facilitate differential diagnosis between at-risk mental state (ARMS) for psychosis and adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
ConclusionsOur results are in line with current meta-analyses reporting that impairments in the domains of attention and verbal learning are of medium effect size in adult ADHD and of small effect size in ARMS patients and suggest that measures of these domains can be exploited to improve the differential diagnosis between adult ADHD and ARMS patients. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - July 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Grey matter or social matters? Causal attributions in the era of biological psychiatry
Publication date: August 2018Source: European Psychiatry, Volume 52Author(s): Peter Brugger, Ira Kurthen, Neda Rashidi-Ranjbar, Bigna Lenggenhager (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - July 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Use of risk assessment instruments to predict violence in forensic psychiatric hospitals: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Publication date: August 2018Source: European Psychiatry, Volume 52Author(s): Taanvi Ramesh, Artemis Igoumenou, Maria Vazquez Montes, Seena FazelAbstractBackground and AimsViolent behaviour by forensic psychiatric inpatients is common. We aimed to systematically review the performance of structured risk assessment tools for violence in these settings.MethodsThe nine most commonly used violence risk assessment instruments used in psychiatric hospitals were examined. A systematic search of five databases (CINAHL, Embase, Global Health, PsycINFO and PubMed) was conducted to identify studies examining the predictive accuracy o...
Source: European Psychiatry - July 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Resilience trajectories to full recovery in first-episode schizophrenia
ConclusionsBased on the theoretical rationale that resilience is activated differently in persons who experience adversity, the significant increase in resilience in the fully recovered group indicates that this psychological trait is present to a higher degree in fully recovered. These results highlight resilience as a factor associated with increased recovery in FES adding to the small literature on improvement among these patients and thus have important clinical implications. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - July 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Secular trends in the age at onset of bipolar I disorder – Support for birth cohort effects from interational, multi-centre clinical observational studies
ConclusionsIn BD-I cases diagnosed according to internationally recognized criteria and recruited to pan-European clinical observational studies, the AAO distributions are compatible with a birth cohort effect. A potentially modifiable risk factor, namely ASUD status, was associated with the observed reduction in AAO, especially in males. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - July 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Obstetric and perinatal health outcomes related to schizophrenia: A national register-based follow-up study among Finnish women born between 1965 and 1980 and their offspring
ConclusionsSchizophrenia associates with some specific delivery methods, but delivery complications are rare and their prevalence does not differ from that observed among community women. Maternal schizophrenia associates with some negative perinatal health outcomes of the offspring. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - July 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Latent profiles of family background, personality and mental health factors and their association with behavioural addictions and substance use disorders in young Swiss men
ConclusionPatterns of family background, personality and mental health factors were associated with different levels of vulnerability to addictions. Behavioural addictions and substance use disorders may thus be the result of the same underlying vulnerabilities. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - July 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Baseline results from the European non-interventional Antipsychotic Long acTing injection in schizOphrenia (ALTO) study
ConclusionsThese results indicate a lower pattern of FGA-LAI usage, reserved by prescribers for seemingly more difficult-to-treat patients and those least likely to adhere to oral medication. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - July 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Variation of genes encoding KAT1, AADAT and IDO1 as a potential risk of depression development
Publication date: August 2018Source: European Psychiatry, Volume 52Author(s): Paulina Wigner, Piotr Czarny, Ewelina Synowiec, Michał Bijak, Monika Talarowska, Piotr Galecki, Janusz Szemraj, Tomasz SliwinskiAbstractNumerous data suggests that the disorders of tryptophan catabolites (TRYCATs) pathway, including a decreased level of tryptophan or evaluated concentration of harmful TRYCATs −kynurenine, quinolinic acid, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, 3-hydroxytryptophan − may cause the occurrence of DD symptoms. In this work, we assessed the relationship between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of KAT1, KAT2 and IDO1 gen...
Source: European Psychiatry - July 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Austrian firearm legislation and its effects on suicide and homicide mortality: A natural quasi-experiment amidst the global economic crisis
ConclusionThe initially preventative effect of the firearm legislation reform in Austria in 1997 seems to have been counteracted by the global economic downturn of 2008. Increased firearm availability was associated with corresponding increases in both firearm suicide and firearm homicide mortality. Restrictive firearm legislation should be an imperative part of a country’s suicide prevention programme. Although firearm legislation reform may have long-lasting effects, societal changes may facilitate compensatory firearm acquisitions and thus counteract preventive efforts, calling in turn again for adapted counter-measur...
Source: European Psychiatry - July 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Suicide attempts and clinical correlates in patients with bipolar I vs II disorder
Publication date: August 2018Source: European Psychiatry, Volume 52Author(s): Matteo Vismara, Benedetta Grancini, Laura Cremaschi, Lucio Oldani, Chiara Arici, Vera de Carlo, Shefali Miller, Terence A. Ketter, A. Carlo Altamura, Bernardo Dell’Osso (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - July 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Functional outcome and social cognition in bipolar disorder: Is there a connection?
ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, the present review is the first to specifically explore the relationship between social cognition and social functioning in patients with BD. This exploration is of interest, as it enhances current understanding of this disorder and, by so doing, should improve patient outcomes. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - July 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Long term outcomes of acute and transient psychotic disorders: The missed opportunity of preventive interventions
ConclusionsIndividuals with ATPD have a very high risk of developing persistent psychotic disorders and may benefit from early detection and preventive treatments to improve their outcomes. (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - July 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Commentary on “Grey matter or social matters? Causal attributions in the era of biological psychiatry”
Publication date: August 2018Source: European Psychiatry, Volume 52Author(s): Anna Sedda (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - July 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
Psychiatry and psychiatrists: Fourteen core statements
Publication date: August 2018Source: European Psychiatry, Volume 52Author(s): Silvana Galderisi, Peter Falkai (Source: European Psychiatry)
Source: European Psychiatry - July 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
