The "Domino effect" in MASLD: The inflammatory cascade of steatohepatitis
Eur J Immunol. 2024 Feb 5:e2149641. doi: 10.1002/eji.202149641. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMetabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is an increasingly common complication of obesity, affecting over a quarter of the global adult population. A key event in the pathophysiology of MASLD is the development of metabolic-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), which greatly increases the chances of developing cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The underlying cause of MASH is multifactorial, but accumulating evidence indicates that the inflammatory process in the hepatic microenvironment typically follow...
Source: European Journal of Immunology - February 5, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Karlo Mladeni ć Maja Lenarti ć Sonja Marinovi ć Bojan Poli ć Felix M Wensveen Source Type: research

Fcgr2b and Fcgr3 are the major genetic factors for cartilage antibody-induced arthritis, overriding the effect of Hc encoding complement C5
In this study, we used a cartilage antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) model in which arthritis develops within a 12-h timeframe, to determine the relative importance of FCGRs and C5 (Hc). In CAIA, inhibiting or deleting FCGR3 substantially hindered arthritis development, underscoring the crucial role of this receptor. Blocking FCGR3 also reduced the levels of FCGR4, and vice versa. When employing an IgG1 arthritogenic cocktail that exclusively interacts with FCGR2B and FCGR3, joint inflammation was promptly initiated in Fcgr2b-- mice but not in Fcgr3-- mice, suggesting that FCGR3 is sufficient for CAIA development. Regardin...
Source: European Journal of Immunology - February 5, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Zhongwei Xu Àlex Moreno-Giró Danxia Zhao Alexander Kr ämer Rajan Kumar Pandey Bingze Xu Susanna L Lundstr öm Rikard Holmdahl Source Type: research

Disease-specific plasma protein profiles in patients with fever after traveling to tropical areas
In this study, we measured 49 proteins in the plasma of 124 patients with fever after travel to tropical or subtropical regions. The patients had confirmed diagnoses of either malaria, dengue fever, influenza, bacterial respiratory tract infection, or bacterial gastroenteritis, representing the most common etiologies. We used multivariate and machine learning methods to identify combinations of proteins that contributed to distinguishing infected patients from healthy controls, and each other. Malaria displayed the most unique protein signature, indicating a strong immunoregulatory response with high levels of IL10, sTNFRI...
Source: European Journal of Immunology - February 3, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Christopher Sundling Victor Yman Zaynab Mousavian Sina Angenendt Fariba Foroogh Ellen von Horn Maximilian Julius Lautenbach Johan Grunewald Anna F ärnert Klara Sond én Source Type: research

Single-cell RNA sequencing of cells from fresh or frozen tissue reveals a signature of freezing marked by heightened stress and activation
Eur J Immunol. 2024 Feb 2:e2350660. doi: 10.1002/eji.202350660. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThawing of viably frozen human tissue T cells, ILCs, and NK cells and subsequent single-cell RNA sequencing reveals that recovery of cellular subclusters is variably impacted. While freeze-thawing does not alter the transcriptional profiles of cells, it upregulates genes and gene pathways associated with stress and activation.PMID:38304946 | DOI:10.1002/eji.202350660 (Source: European Journal of Immunology)
Source: European Journal of Immunology - February 2, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Christopher T Stamper Anne Marchalot Christopher A Tibbitt Whitney Weigel Mattias Jangard Jakob Theorell Jenny Mj ösberg Source Type: research

Actinin-4 controls survival signaling in B cells by limiting the lateral mobility of B-cell antigen receptors
Eur J Immunol. 2024 Feb 1:e2350774. doi: 10.1002/eji.202350774. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe structure and dynamics of F-actin networks in the cortical area of B cells control the signal efficiency of B-cell antigen receptors (BCRs). Although antigen-induced signaling has been studied extensively, the role of cortical F-actin in antigen-independent tonic BCR signaling is less well understood. Because these signals are essential for the survival of B cells and are consequently exploited by several B-cell lymphomas, we assessed how the cortical F-actin structure influences tonic BCR signal transduction. We employed gene...
Source: European Journal of Immunology - February 1, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Saed Alsouri Ashley Ambrose Nikolaos Mougios Nadia Paglilla Florian Mayr Kate Choi Jens Loeber Bj örn Chapuy Bj örn Haeupl Felipe Opazo Thomas Oellerich Michael Gold Michael Engelke Source Type: research

Composition of fatty acids in a high-fat diet affects adipose tissue inflammation by inducing calreticulin on adipocytes and activating group 1 innate lymphoid cells
In this study, we examined whether the composition of fatty acids affected adipose inflammatory responses induced by an HFD. Mice were fed a stearic acid (C18:0)-rich HFD (HFD-S) or a linoleic acid (C18:2)-rich HFD (HFD-L). HFD-L-fed mice showed significant obesity compared with HFD-S-fed mice. Visceral and subcutaneous fat pads were enlarged and contained more NK1.1+ KLRG1+ cells, indicating that G1-ILCs were activated in HFD-L-fed mice. We examined early changes in adipose tissues during the first week of HFD intake, and found that mice fed HFD-L showed increased levels of NK1.1+ CD11b+ KLRG1+ cells in adipose tissues. I...
Source: European Journal of Immunology - January 28, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Kazunori Matsumura Taizo Mori Taeko Dohi Yuki I Kawamura Satoshi Takaki Source Type: research

Nanoparticles for stimulation of neutrophil extracellular trap-mediated immunity
Eur J Immunol. 2024 Jan 26:e2350582. doi: 10.1002/eji.202350582. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNeutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been identified as triggers for a self-limited inflammatory reaction upon contact with nanoparticles within our bodies. This typically results in entrapping potentially harmful nano- or micro-objects following an immune burst. The demand for potent adjuvants has led to research on particulate-based adjuvants, particularly those that act via NET formation. Various particles, including hydrophobic nanoparticles, needle-like microparticles, and other natural and artificial crystals, have be...
Source: European Journal of Immunology - January 27, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Anna Vaseruk Galyna Bila Rostyslav Bilyy Source Type: research

PIEZO1-mediated mechanosensing governs NK-cell killing efficiency and infiltration in three-dimensional matrices
In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that PIEZO1-mediated mechanosensing is crucial for NK killing functions, highlighting the role of mechanosensing in NK-cell killing efficiency under 3D physiological conditions and the influence of environmental physical cues on NK-cell functions.PMID:38279603 | DOI:10.1002/eji.202350693 (Source: European Journal of Immunology)
Source: European Journal of Immunology - January 27, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Archana K Yanamandra Jingnan Zhang Galia Montalvo Xiangda Zhou Doreen Biedenweg Renping Zhao Shulagna Sharma Markus Hoth Franziska Lautenschl äger Oliver Otto Ar ánzazu Del Campo Bin Qu Source Type: research

Innate lymphoid cells: New players in osteoimmunology
Eur J Immunol. 2024 Jan 17:e2350381. doi: 10.1002/eji.202350381. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTInnate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are the most recently identified immune cell types existing in lymphoid and nonlymphoid organs. Albeit they lack the expression of antigen receptors, ILCs play vital roles in innate immune responses by producing multiple effector cytokines. The ILC family includes conventional natural killer cells and cytokine-producing ILCs, which are divided into group 1, group 2, and group 3 ILCs based on their effector cytokines and developmental requirements. Emerging evidence has indicated that ILCs are essentia...
Source: European Journal of Immunology - January 18, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Zuoxing Wu Xixi Lin Guixin Yuan Na Li Ren Xu Source Type: research

Trappc1 intrinsically prevents ferroptosis of naive T cells to avoid spontaneous autoinflammatory disease in mice
This study highlights the importance of the TRAPPC in T-cell biology.PMID:38234007 | DOI:10.1002/eji.202350836 (Source: European Journal of Immunology)
Source: European Journal of Immunology - January 18, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Zhaoqi Zhang Chenxu Zhao Lingyun Sun Chen Cheng Qianchuan Tian Changhong Wu Yanan Xu Xue Dong Baojun Zhang Lianfeng Zhang Yong Zhao Source Type: research

Hyphal-associated protein expression is crucial for Candida albicans-induced eicosanoid biosynthesis in immune cells
Eur J Immunol. 2024 Jan 17:e2350743. doi: 10.1002/eji.202350743. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCandida albicans causes opportunistic infections ranging from mucosal mycoses to life-threatening systemic infections in immunocompromised patients. During C. albicans infection, leukotrienes and prostaglandins are formed from arachidonic acid by 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and cyclooxygenases, respectively to amplify inflammatory conditions, but also to initiate macrophage infiltration to achieve tissue homeostasis. Since less is known about the cellular mechanisms triggering such lipid mediator biosynthesis, we investigated the eico...
Source: European Journal of Immunology - January 17, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Jana Schimanski Mark S Gresnigt Elena Brunner Oliver Werz Bernhard Hube Ulrike Garscha Source Type: research

Gingival fibroblast activation by Porphyromonas gingivalis is driven by TLR2 and is independent of the LPS-TLR4 axis
Eur J Immunol. 2024 Jan 8:e2350776. doi: 10.1002/eji.202350776. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTGingival fibroblasts (GFs) are abundant structural cells of the periodontium that contribute to the host's innate immunity by producing cytokines and chemokines in response to oral pathogens, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis. Isolated lipopolysaccharide (Pg-LPS) is commonly used to study GF responses to P. gingivalis; however, this approach produced conflicting observations regarding its proinflammatory potential and the engagement of specific Toll-like receptors (TLRs). In this work, we demonstrate that commercially available Pg-...
Source: European Journal of Immunology - January 8, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Aureliusz Schuster Elwira Nieboga Malgorzata Kantorowicz Weronika Lipska Tomasz Kaczmarzyk Jan Potempa Aleksander M Grabiec Source Type: research

Gingival fibroblast activation by Porphyromonas gingivalis is driven by TLR2 and is independent of the LPS-TLR4 axis
Eur J Immunol. 2024 Jan 8:e2350776. doi: 10.1002/eji.202350776. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTGingival fibroblasts (GFs) are abundant structural cells of the periodontium that contribute to the host's innate immunity by producing cytokines and chemokines in response to oral pathogens, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis. Isolated lipopolysaccharide (Pg-LPS) is commonly used to study GF responses to P. gingivalis; however, this approach produced conflicting observations regarding its proinflammatory potential and the engagement of specific Toll-like receptors (TLRs). In this work, we demonstrate that commercially available Pg-...
Source: European Journal of Immunology - January 8, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Aureliusz Schuster Elwira Nieboga Malgorzata Kantorowicz Weronika Lipska Tomasz Kaczmarzyk Jan Potempa Aleksander M Grabiec Source Type: research

Neutrophil-plasmacytoid dendritic cell interaction leads to production of type I IFN in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Eur J Immunol. 2023 Dec 31:e2350666. doi: 10.1002/eji.202350666. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) can cause a latent infection that sometimes progresses to clinically active tuberculosis (TB). Type I interferons (IFN-I) have been implicated in initiating the progression from latency to active TB, in part because IFN-I stimulated genes are the earliest genes to be upregulated in patients as they advance to active TB. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are major producers of IFN-I during viral infections and in response to autoimmune-induced neutrophil extracellular traps. pDCs have also been s...
Source: European Journal of Immunology - December 31, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Angela M Lee Pa ôline Laurent Carl F Nathan Franck J Barrat Source Type: research

Neutrophil-plasmacytoid dendritic cell interaction leads to production of type I IFN in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Eur J Immunol. 2023 Dec 31:e2350666. doi: 10.1002/eji.202350666. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) can cause a latent infection that sometimes progresses to clinically active tuberculosis (TB). Type I interferons (IFN-I) have been implicated in initiating the progression from latency to active TB, in part because IFN-I stimulated genes are the earliest genes to be upregulated in patients as they advance to active TB. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are major producers of IFN-I during viral infections and in response to autoimmune-induced neutrophil extracellular traps. pDCs have also been s...
Source: European Journal of Immunology - December 31, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Angela M Lee Pa ôline Laurent Carl F Nathan Franck J Barrat Source Type: research